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Antecedent (grammar)

About: Antecedent (grammar) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1392 publications have been published within this topic receiving 41824 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
28 Sep 2021
TL;DR: In modern Danish, the reflexive pronouns sin and sig differ in terms of their ability to corefer with a plural antecedent as discussed by the authors, while deres and dem use the non-reflexive deres to do so.
Abstract: In modern Danish, the reflexive pronouns sin and sig differ in terms of their ability to corefer with a plural antecedent. The reflexive possessive sin typically only allows singular antecedents and the reflexive pronoun sig allows both singular and plural antecedents. Instead of sin, speakers use the non-reflexive deres to corefer with a plural antecedent. This difference between sin and sig is fairly new. Up until the beginning of the twentieth century, many speakers used not only sin but also sig primarily with singular antecedents and the non-reflexive counterparts deres and dem with plural antecedents. This usage pattern goes back to before the thirteenth century. In this paper I investigate the development in the use of sin and sig with plural antecedents. In the earliest runic sources of Danish from before 1000 AD, both sin and sig are used with plural antecedents. In the Middle Danish provincial laws from the thirteenth century, sin and sig are both restricted to occurring mainly with singular antecedents. This usage, reflexive pronouns/possessives with singular antecedents and non-reflexive pronouns/possessives with plural antecedents, is found in the spoken language at least until the twentieth century. However, I show with data from the spoken corpus LANCHART that the use of dem with plural antecedents has almost disappeared in modern Danish.

1 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: A method is presented for determining the referents of noun phrases in Japanese sentences by using the refereNTial properties, modifiers, and possessors of noun phrase to determine whether a noun phrase has an antecedent.
Abstract: In machine translation and man-machine dialogue, it is important to clarify referents of noun phrases. We present a method for determining the referents of noun phrases in Japanese sentences by using the referential properties, modifiers, and possessors of noun phrases. Since the Japanese language has no articles, it is difficult to decide whether a noun phrase has an antecedent or not. We had previously estimated the referential properties of noun phrases that correspond to articles by using clue words in the sentences. By using these referential properties, our system determined the referents of noun phrases in Japanese sentences. Furthermore we used the modifiers and possessors of noun phrases in determining the referents of noun phrases. As a result, on training sentences we obtained a precision rate of 82% and a recall rate of 85% in the determination of the referents of noun phrases that have antecedents. On test sentences, we obtained a precision rate of 79% and a recall rate of 77%.

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results are presented of catamnestic research on 24 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia at the first clinical episode confirmed according to the ICD-10 criteria, finding the following significant tendencies: the negative syndrome score correlates with the residual intentionality; and the clinical thought disturbance correlated with the premorbid speech content intentional profile.
Abstract: The results are presented of catamnestic research on 24 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia at the first clinical episode confirmed according to the ICD-10 criteria. The clinical picture rate

1 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Mar 1982
TL;DR: This paper examined a number of possible linguistic factors which affect the realization of the relative marker (i.e. either as WH, TH or ∅): type of clause - restrictive or non-restrictive features or characteristics of the antecedent/head NP - animateness, definiteness, type of noun modification structure, e.g. determiner, quantifier, superlative syntactic position/grammatical function of the relation in S 2, the relative clause - subject, object, indirect object, predicate nominative, temporal, locative,
Abstract: In this chapter I will examine a number of possible linguistic factors which affect the realization of the relative marker (i.e. either as WH, TH or ∅): type of clause – restrictive or non-restrictive features or characteristics of the antecedent/head NP – animateness, definiteness, type of noun modification structure, e.g. determiner, quantifier, superlative syntactic position/grammatical function of the relative in S 2 , the relative clause – subject, object, indirect object, predicate nominative, temporal, locative, stranded and shifted prepositions and genitive Type of clause Most grammars of English, whether prescriptive or descriptive, recognize at least two types of relative clauses: restrictive and non-restrictive. This distinction is made on the basis of the way in which the head NP or antecedent is modified by the relative clause. A restrictive clause further limits the head NP's reference, while a non-restrictive clause adds only additional information to a head which is already independently identified, or is unique in its reference and has no need of further modification to identify its referent. Classic examples of each type are: (1) The girl who lives next door to me. (restrictive) (2) Mary Smith, who lives next door to me. (non-restrictive) Proper names constitute a class of unique referents because their identity is the same no matter what else may follow after. In the case of possible ‘mistaken identity’ though, proper names may occur with restrictive clauses, e.g. where there is clearly more than one person with the same name. In the following example, the use of the definite article also adds to this interpretation (cf. also Lyons 1977: ch. 7). (3) The Mary Smith that I know lives next door.

1 citations

Book ChapterDOI
29 Jul 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the antecedent and consequences of sales employees' authenticity of emotional expression during customer interactions and found a significant effect of authenticity on employees' well-being and turnover intention.
Abstract: The study explores the antecedent and consequences of sales employees' authenticity of emotional expression during customer interactions. Based on a survey of 468 medical sales representatives (MSRs) in India, the study found a significant effect of authenticity of emotional expression on employees' well-being and turnover intention. Organizational identification was found to be an antecedent of authenticity of emotional expression. The mediation effect of authenticity of emotional expression in explaining the relationship between organizational identification and well-being was supported. However, contrary to the hypothesis, the study found no mediation effect of authenticity of emotional expression on the relationship between organizational identification and turnover intention. The study addresses an important yet neglected issue: how authenticity might meaningfully contribute to the advancement of theory and practice in business.

1 citations


Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20222
202159
202052
201957
201863
201762