Topic
Antigen
About: Antigen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 170233 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6982342 citations. The topic is also known as: antibody generator & Antigen.
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TL;DR: The intrinsic requirement for miR-155 is shown in B cell responses to thymus-dependent and -independent antigens and implicate post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression for establishing the terminal differentiation program of B cells.
789 citations
TL;DR: Using autoaggressive rat T lymphocyte lines specific for defined protein components of peripheral or central myelin to study lymphocyte migration and antigen recognition within the nervous system suggests that the nervoussystem is constantly patrolled by low numbers of activated T cells.
786 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a small population of human prostate basal cells express the cell surface marker CD133 and are restricted to the alpha(2)beta(1)(hi) population, previously identified as a marker of stem cells in prostate epithelia.
Abstract: Stem cells are clonogenic cells with self-renewal and differentiation properties, which may represent a major target for genetic damage leading to prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Stem cells remain poorly characterised because of the absence of specific molecular markers that permit us to distinguish them from their progeny, the transit amplifying cells, which have a more restricted proliferative potential. Human CD133 antigen, also known as AC133, was recently identified as a haematopoietic stem cell marker. Here we show that a small population (approximately 1%) of human prostate basal cells express the cell surface marker CD133 and are restricted to the alpha(2)beta(1)(hi) population, previously shown to be a marker of stem cells in prostate epithelia. alpha(2)beta(1)(hi)/CD133(+) cells exhibit two important attributes of epithelial stem cells: they possess a high in vitro proliferative potential and can reconstitute prostatic-like acini in immunocompromised male nude mice.
783 citations
TL;DR: MAIT cells are evolutionarily conserved innate-like lymphocytes that sense and help fight off microbial infection and protect against infection by Mycobacterium abscessus or Escherichia coli.
Abstract: Mucosal-associated invariant T lymphocytes (MAIT lymphocytes) are characterized by two evolutionarily conserved features: an invariant T cell antigen receptor (TCR) alpha-chain and restriction by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-related protein MR1. Here we show that MAIT cells were activated by cells infected with various strains of bacteria and yeast, but not cells infected with virus, in both humans and mice. This activation required cognate interaction between the invariant TCR and MR1, which can present a bacteria-derived ligand. In humans, we observed considerably fewer MAIT cells in blood from patients with bacterial infections such as tuberculosis. In the mouse, MAIT cells protected against infection by Mycobacterium abscessus or Escherichia coli. Thus, MAIT cells are evolutionarily conserved innate-like lymphocytes that sense and help fight off microbial infection.
783 citations
TL;DR: The pathogenic human parvovirus B19 replicates only in erythroid progenitor cells and was shown to bind to blood-group P antigen, as measured by hemagglutination, which has implications for understanding the pathogenesis of parVovirus infections and for the use ofParvoviruses in gene therapy.
Abstract: The pathogenic human parvovirus B19 replicates only in erythroid progenitor cells. This virus was shown to bind to blood-group P antigen, as measured by hemagglutination. Erythrocytes lacking P antigen were not agglutinated with B19. Purified P antigen (globoside) blocked the binding of the virus to erythroid cells and the infectivity of the virus in a hematopoietic colony assay. Target cells were protected from infection by preincubation with monoclonal antibody to globoside. Knowledge of a parvovirus receptor has implications for understanding the pathogenesis of parvovirus infections and for the use of parvoviruses in gene therapy.
783 citations