Topic
Antigen
About: Antigen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 170233 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6982342 citations. The topic is also known as: antibody generator & Antigen.
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TL;DR: It is proposed that natural auto-antibodies, by interacting with the large number of self constituents present in an organism, establish an extensive dynamic network that contributes to the general homeostasis of the organism.
770 citations
TL;DR: An important role for class I MHC molecules in the activity-dependent remodeling and plasticity of connections in the developing and mature mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is demonstrated.
Abstract: Class I major histocompatibility complex (class I MHC) molecules, known to be important for immune responses to antigen, are expressed also by neurons that undergo activity-dependent, long-term structural and synaptic modifications. Here, we show that in mice genetically deficient for cell surface class I MHC or for a class I MHC receptor component, CD3ζ, refinement of connections between retina and central targets during development is incomplete. In the hippocampus of adult mutants,N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor–dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) is enhanced, and long-term depression (LTD) is absent. Specific class I MHC messenger RNAs are expressed by distinct mosaics of neurons, reflecting a potential for diverse neuronal functions. These results demonstrate an important role for these molecules in the activity-dependent remodeling and plasticity of connections in the developing and mature mammalian central nervous system (CNS).
770 citations
TL;DR: CD20+ B cells were rapidly and specifically depleted in the peripheral blood at 24 to 72 hours and remained depleted for at least 2 to 3 months in most patients, and were used to design a multiple-dose phase I/II study.
770 citations
TL;DR: The dynamics between tumor cells, immune-effector cells, and IL-2 are illustrated through mathematical modeling and the effects of adoptive cellular immunotherapy are explored to explain both short tumor oscillations in tumor sizes as well as long-term tumor relapse.
Abstract: A number of lines of evidence suggest that immunotherapy with the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) may boost the immune system to fight tumors. CD4+ T cells, the cells that orchestrate the immune response, use these cytokines as signaling mechanisms for immune-response stimulation as well as lymphocyte stimulation, growth, and differentiation. Because tumor cells begin as 'self', the immune system may not respond in an effective way to eradicate them. Adoptive cellular immunotherapy can potentially restore or enhance these effects. We illustrate through mathematical modeling the dynamics between tumor cells, immune-effector cells, and IL-2. These efforts are able to explain both short tumor oscillations in tumor sizes as well as long-term tumor relapse. We then explore the effects of adoptive cellular immunotherapy on the model and describe under what circumstances the tumor can be eliminated.
770 citations
TL;DR: A method is described by which an immunoaffinity matrix was constructed by binding antibody directly or indirectly to protein A-Sepharose 4B followed by cross-linking of the complex with dimethyl pimelimidate, which allows optimal spatial orientation of antibodies and, thus, maximum antigen binding efficiency.
769 citations