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Antimicrobial peptides

About: Antimicrobial peptides is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10645 publications have been published within this topic receiving 507688 citations. The topic is also known as: host defense peptide & antimicrobial protein.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Interactions between human milk glycans, intestinal microflora, and intestinal mucosa surface glycans underlie ontogeny of innate mucosal immunity, pathobiology of enteric infection, and inflammatory bowel diseases.
Abstract: The neonatal adaptive immune system, relatively naive to foreign antigens, requires synergy with the innate immune system to protect the intestine. Goblet cells provide mucins, Paneth cells produce antimicrobial peptides, and dendritic cells (DCs) present luminal antigens. Intracellular signaling by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) elicits chemokines and cytokines that modulate inflammation. Enteric neurons and lymphocytes provide paracrine and endocrine signaling. However, full protection requires human milk. Breast-feeding reduces enteric infection and may reduce chronic disease in later life. Although human milk contains significant secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), most of its protective factors are constitutively expressed. Multifunctional milk components are nutrients whose partial digestion products inhibit pathogens. Cytokines, cytokine receptors, TLR agonists and antagonists, hormones, anti-inflammatory agents, and nucleotides in milk modulate inflammation. Human milk is rich in glycans (complex carbohydrates): As prebiotics, indigestible glycans stimulate colonization by probiotic organisms, modulating mucosal immunity and protecting against pathogens. Through structural homology to intestinal cell surface receptors, glycans inhibit pathogen binding, the essential first step of pathogenesis. Bioactive milk components comprise an innate immune system of human milk whereby the mother protects her nursing infant. Interactions between human milk glycans, intestinal microflora, and intestinal mucosa surface glycans underlie ontogeny of innate mucosal immunity, pathobiology of enteric infection, and inflammatory bowel diseases.

485 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Routine clinical administration of AMPs to treat bacterial infections may select for resistant bacterial pathogens capable of better evading the innate immune system, as well as the ramifications of therapeutic levels of exposure on the development of AMP resistance and bacterial pathogenesis.

484 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Structural analysis by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and other biophysical techniques indicates that these peptide antibiotics strongly interact with lipid membranes, which contrasts the transmembrane orientations observed for alamethicin or gramicidin A.

482 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Better understanding of the mechanisms of action, modification and synthesis of antimicrobial peptides is reigniting commercial development and inspiring new ideas for drug discovery and development.
Abstract: Better understanding of the mechanisms of action, modification and synthesis of antimicrobial peptides is reigniting commercial development. Jeffrey L. Fox reports.

482 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated review of how cationic antimicrobial peptides are able to affect bacterial killing, with a focus on internal targets, is presented, where some peptides clearly act differently and other intracellular target sites have been identified.
Abstract: Cationic antimicrobial peptides are a novel type of antibiotic offering much potential in the treatment of microbial-related diseases. They offer many advantages for commercial development, including a broad spectrum of action and modest size. However, despite the identification or synthetic production of thousands of such peptides, the mode of action remains elusive, except for a few examples. While the dogma for the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides against bacteria is believed to be through pore formation or membrane barrier disruption, some peptides clearly act differently and other intracellular target sites have been identified. This article presents an updated review of how cationic antimicrobial peptides are able to affect bacterial killing, with a focus on internal targets.

480 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023512
20221,025
2021809
2020844
2019728
2018634