Topic
Antimicrobial peptides
About: Antimicrobial peptides is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10645 publications have been published within this topic receiving 507688 citations. The topic is also known as: host defense peptide & antimicrobial protein.
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TL;DR: This review focuses on the major advances and current views of the peptide-pheromone dependent regulatory circuits involved in production of antimicrobial peptides in Gram-positive bacteria.
222 citations
TL;DR: IL-15 links TLR2/1-induced macrophage differentiation to the vitamin D-dependent antimicrobial pathway and could be triggered by 25D3 to induce an antimicrobial activity against intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Abstract: An essential function of the innate immune system is to directly trigger antimicrobial mechanisms to defend against invading pathogens. In humans, one such pathway involves activation by TLR2/1L leading to the vitamin D-dependent induction of antimicrobial peptides. In this study, we found that TLR2/1-induced IL-15 was required for induction of CYP27b1, the VDR and the downstream antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin. Although both IL-15 and IL-4 triggered macrophage differentiation, only IL-15 was sufficient by itself to induce CYP27b1 and subsequent bioconversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D3) into bioactive 1,25D3, leading to VDR activation and induction of cathelicidin. Finally, IL-15-differentiated macrophages could be triggered by 25D3 to induce an antimicrobial activity against intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, IL-15 links TLR2/1-induced macrophage differentiation to the vitamin D-dependent antimicrobial pathway.
222 citations
TL;DR: Gallinacins showed primary sequence homology to the recently delineated β‐ defensin family, suggesting that β‐defensins originated at least 250 million years ago, before avian and mammalian lineages diverged.
222 citations
TL;DR: Lepidoptera appear to have built their humoral immune response against bacteria on cecropins and attacins through amino acid replacements, and have conferred antifungal properties to the well conserved structure of antibacterial insect defensins through Amino acid replacements.
222 citations
TL;DR: The updated Collection of Antimicrobial Peptide (CAMP) database is described, available online at http://www.camp.res.in, and sequence and structure analysis tools have been incorporated to enhance the usefulness of the database.
Abstract: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are gaining importance as anti-infective agents. Here we describe the updated Collection of Antimicrobial Peptide (CAMP) database, available online at http://www.camp.bicnirrh.res.in/. The 3D structures of peptides are known to influence antimicrobial activity. Although there exists databases of AMPs, information on structures of AMPs is limited in these databases. CAMP is manually curated and currently holds 6756 sequences and 682 3D structures of AMPs. Sequence and structure analysis tools have been incorporated to enhance the usefulness of the database.
221 citations