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Antimony

About: Antimony is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11450 publications have been published within this topic receiving 155660 citations. The topic is also known as: Sb & element 51.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the spontaneous formation of complex interfacial patterns from thermally deposited Sb4 clusters on HOPG is controlled by the deposition conditions (i.e., coverage and deposition rate) at constant t
Abstract: The spontaneous formation of complex interfacial patterns from thermally deposited Sb4 clusters on HOPG is controlled by the deposition conditions (i.e., coverage and deposition rate) at constant t...

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption/desorption properties of arsenic (AsV)/antimony (SbV) oxyanions were tested with two types of soil with a variable content of natural organic matter (NOM).
Abstract: Summary The interaction of toxic oxyanions with organic matter can affect their stability and binding mechanisms in soils. The adsorption/desorption properties of arsenic (AsV)/antimony (SbV) oxyanions were tested with two types of soil with a variable content of natural organic matter (NOM). Sample JEZ (I) represented a locality near a brown-coal power plant, and therefore formerly exposed to large amounts of atmospheric pollution, while sample LIZ (II) originated in an uncontaminated region without anthropogenic impact. Soil samples were investigated from the organic O and mineral B horizons. Different As/Sb fixations were indicated by their different adsorption affinity to O and B horizons. Arsenic as AsV was strongly adsorbed in B horizons, while antimony as SbV was predominantly bound in O horizons. The sorption followed the Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacities of 1.4 × 10−2 mmol g−1 for As and 1.0 × 10−2 mmol g−1 for Sb adsorptions. The release of As and Sb to distilled water and 0.1 m KCl illustrated the significantly larger stability of As and Sb oxyanions in ionic solutions, where available ions prevented the aggregation of organic matter, thus maintaining the balanced distribution of surface charge. Distilled water with a pH of about 6 supported a negative surface charge density and enhanced the release of As/Sb oxyanions.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the degree of antimony and arsenic pollution and their bioavailability in mining-affected grassland soils were determined, indicating a high degree of pollution of the soils.
Abstract: The degree of antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) pollution and their bioavailability in mining‐affected grassland soils were determined. Antimony and As concentrations in aboveground parts of plants, collected in three consecutive years, were measured to investigate their uptake capacity, food chain contamination, and ecological risks. Total Sb and As contents in soils ranged from 60 to 230 mg/kg and from 42 to 4530 mg/kg, respectively, indicating a high degree of pollution of soils. The mobile fractions of Sb (0.02–0.27% of the total Sb content) and As (0.02–0.70% of the total As content) in soils, which reflect the plant‐available portion, are extremely low compared to total Sb and As contents in soils. The Sb and As contents in plants were also very low in both study areas. This lower accumulation of Sb and As in the plants is attributed to the low bioavailability of Sb and As in mine soils. Antimony and As contents in some plants were lower than the controls, and the concentrations in some plants...

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The analytical performance of non-chromatographic coupled hydride generation, integrated atom trap (HG-IAT) atomizer flame absorption spectrometry (FAAS) systems were evaluated for the speciation analysis of antimony in environmental samples as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The analytical performance of non-chromatographic coupled hydride generation, integrated atom trap (HG-IAT) atomizer flame absorption spectrometry (FAAS) systems were evaluated for the speciation analysis of antimony in environmental samples. Antimony, using formation of stibine (SbH3) vapors were atomized in an air–acetylene flame-heated IAT. A new design of HG-IAT-FAAS hyphenated technique that would exceed the operational capabilities of existing arrangements (a water-cooled single silica tube, double-slotted quartz tube or an “integrated trap”) was investigated. For the estimation of Sb(III) and Sb(V) concentrations in samples, the difference between the analytical sensitivities of the absorbance signals obtained for antimony hydride without and with previous treatment of samples with L-cysteine can be used. The concentration of Sb(V) was calculated by the difference between total Sbtot and Sb(III). A dramatic improvement in detection limit was achieved compared with that obtained using either of the atom trapping techniques, presented above, separately. This novel approach decreases the detection limit down to low pg mL–1 levels. The concentration detection limit, defined as 3 times the blank standard deviation (3sigma), was 0.2 ng mL–1. For a 120 s in situ pre-concentration time (sample volume of 2 mL), sensitivity enhancement compared to flame AAS, was 550 fold for Sb, using hydride generation-atom trapping technique. The sensitivity can be further improved by increasing the collection time. The precision, expressed by RSD, was 8.0% (n = 6) for Sb. The designs studied include slotted tube, water-cooled single silica tube and integrated atom traps. Reference and real sample materials were analyzed. The accuracy of the method was verified by the use of certified reference materials (NIST SRM 2704 Buffalo River Sediment, SRM 2710 Montana Soil, SRM 1633a Coal Fly Ash, SRM 1575 Pine Needles, SRM 1643e Trace Elements in Water) and by aqueous standard calibration technique (solutions). The measured Sb content, in reference materials, were in satisfactory agreement with the certified values. The hyphenated technique was applied for antimony determinations in soil, sediment, coal fly ash, sewage and river water.

46 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023361
2022832
2021249
2020290
2019361
2018334