Antimony

About: Antimony is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11450 publications have been published within this topic receiving 155660 citations. The topic is also known as: Sb & element 51.

Nanocrystalline solar cells with an antimony sulfide solid absorber by atomic layer deposition

Abstract: Extremely thin absorber solar cells are built in which an Sb2S3 absorber coating is created by atomic layer deposition (ALD) The material is distributed homogeneously along the depth axis and is free of oxide Under our conditions, an optimal thickness of 10 nm, Sb2S3, yields efficiencies of up to 26%

Antimony-doped graphene nanoplatelets

Abstract: Heteroatom doping into the graphitic frameworks have been intensively studied for the development of metal-free electrocatalysts. However, the choice of heteroatoms is limited to non-metallic elements and heteroatom-doped graphitic materials do not satisfy commercial demands in terms of cost and stability. Here we realize doping semimetal antimony (Sb) at the edges of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) via a simple mechanochemical reaction between pristine graphite and solid Sb. The covalent bonding of the metalloid Sb with the graphitic carbon is visualized using atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The Sb-doped GnPs display zero loss of electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction even after 100,000 cycles. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the multiple oxidation states (Sb(3+) and Sb(5+)) of Sb are responsible for the unusual electrochemical stability. Sb-doped GnPs may provide new insights and practical methods for designing stable carbon-based electrocatalysts.

Diffusion and defect reactions between donors, C, and vacancies in Ge. II. Atomistic calculations of related complexes

Abstract: Electronic structure calculations are used to study the stability, concentration, and migration of vacancy-donor (phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony) complexes in germanium, in the presence of carbon. The association of carbon with mobile vacancy-donor pairs can lead to energetically favorable and relatively immobile complexes. It is predicted that the complexes formed between lattice vacancies, carbon, and antimony substitutional atoms are more stable and less mobile compared to complexes composed of vacancies, carbon, and phosphorus or arsenic atoms. Then, with the use of mass action analysis, the relative concentrations of the most important complexes are calculated, which depend also on their relative stability not just their absolute stability. Overall, the theoretical predictions are consistent with experimental results, which determined that the diffusion of vacancy-donor defects is retarded in the presence of carbon, especially in samples with a high concentration of carbon. In addition, the calculations provide information on the structure and the equilibrium concentration of the most important complexes and details of their association energies.

Structure and Chemistry of Basal-Plane Inversion Boundaries in Antimony Oxide-Doped Zinc Oxide

Abstract: The atomic structure and the chemistry of basal-plane inversion boundaries in Sb2O3-doped ZnO were investigated using quantitative transmission electron microscopy techniques. Electron microdiffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to determine the orientation of the polar c-axis on both sides of the inversion boundary and the translation state between the inverted ZnO domains. Quantitative energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy combined with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy allowed us to determine the exact amount and the arrangement of antimony in the boundary layer. Inversion boundaries are head-to-head oriented with a displacement vector of the oxygen sublattice of RIB=⅓[01[Onemacr]0] – 0.102[0001]. The boundary plane consists of a highly ordered SbZn2 monolayer in which the cations occupy the octahedral interstices of the structure. In the octahedral boundary layer, zinc and antimony atoms constitute a honeycomb superstructure with a threefold (3m) in-plane symmetry.