Antisocial personality disorder

About: Antisocial personality disorder is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3914 publications have been published within this topic receiving 252841 citations. The topic is also known as: dissocial personality disorder & APD.

Males on the life-course-persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial pathways: follow-up at age 26 years.

Abstract: This article reports a comparison on outcomes of 26-year-old males who were defined several years ago in the Dunedin longitudinal study as exhibiting childhood-onset versus adolescent-onset antisocial behavior and who were indistinguishable on delinquent offending in adolescence. Previous studies of these groups in childhood and adolescence showed that childhood-onset delinquents had inadequate parenting, neurocognitive problems, undercontrolled temperament, severe hyperactivity, psychopathic personality traits, and violent behavior. Adolescent-onset delinquents were not distinguished by these features. Here followed to age 26 years, the childhood-onset delinquents were the most elevated on psychopathic personality traits, mental-health problems, substance dependence, numbers of children, financial problems, work problems, and drug-related and violent crime, including violence against women and children. The adolescent-onset delinquents at 26 years were less extreme but elevated on impulsive personality traits, mental-health problems, substance dependence, financial problems, and property offenses. A third group of men who had been aggressive as children but not very delinquent as adolescents emerged as low-level chronic offenders who were anxious, depressed, socially isolated, and had financial and work problems. These findings support the theory of life-course-persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial behavior but also extend it. Findings recommend intervention with all aggressive children and with all delinquent adolescents, to prevent a variety of maladjustments in adult life.

Refining the construct of psychopathy: towards a hierarchical model.

Abstract: Psychopathy is characterized by diverse indicators. Clinical accounts have emphasized 3 distinct facets: interpersonal, affective, and behavioral. Research using the Psychopathy Checklist--Revised (PCL-R), however, has emphasized a 2-factor model. A review of the literature on the PCL-R and related measures of psychopathy, together with confirmatory factor analysis of PCL-R data from North American participants, indicates that the 2-factor model cannot be sustained. A 3-factor hierarchical model was developed in which a coherent superordinate factor, Psychopathy, is underpinned by 3 factors: Arrogant and Deceitful Interpersonal Style, Deficient Affective Experience, and Impulsive and Irresponsible Behavioral Style. The model was cross-validated on North American and Scottish PCL-R data, Psychopathy Screening Version data, and data derived from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) antisocial personality disorder field trial.

Cognitive Therapy of Personality Disorders

Abstract: I. Theory, Research, and Clinical Methods 1. Overview of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy of Personality Disorders, Daniel O. David & Arthur Freeman 2. Theory of Personality Disorders, Aaron T. Beck 3. Assessment of Personality Pathology, Jay C. Fournier 4. Neural Mechanisms of Maladaptive Schemas and Modes in Personality Disorders, Michael T. Treadway 5. General Principles and Specialized Techniques in Cognitive Therapy of Personality Disorders, Aaron T. Beck, Arthur Freeman, & Denise D. Davis 6. The Therapeutic Alliance with Patients with Personality Disorders, Denise D. Davis & Judith S. Beck 7. Diversity, Culture, and Personality Disorders, James L. Rebeta II. Clinical Applications 8. Dependent Personality Disorder, Lindsay Brauer & Mark A. Reinecke 9. Avoidant Personality Disorder, Christine A. Padesky & Judith S. Beck 10. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder, Karen M. Simon 11. Depressive Personality Disorder, David A. Clark & Catherine A. Hilchey 12. Paranoid, Schizotypal, and Schizoid Personality Disorders, Julia C. Renton & Pawel D. Mankiewicz 13. Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder (Negativistic Personality Disorder), Gina M. Fusco 14. Narcissistic Personality Disorder, Wendy T. Behary & Denise D. Davis 15. Histrionic Personality Disorder, Mehmet Z. Sungur & Anil GA ndA z 16. Antisocial Personality Disorder, Damon Mitchell, Raymond Chip Tafrate, & Arthur Freeman 17. Borderline Personality Disorder, Arnoud Arntz III. Comorbidity and Clinical Management 18. Symptomatic Comorbidity, Robert A. DiTomasso & Bradley Rosenfield 19. Clinical Management: Working with Those Diagnosed with Personality Disorders, Gina M. Fusco 20. Synthesis and Prospects for the Future, Denise D. Davis & Arthur Freeman

The Antisocial Personalities

Abstract: This volume presents a scholarly analysis of psychopathic and sociopathic personalities and the conditions that give rise to them. In so doing, it offers a coherent theoretical and developmental analysis of socialization and its vicissitudes, and of the role played in socialization by the crime-relevant genetic traits of the child and the skills and limitations of the primary socializing agents, the parents. This volume also describes how American psychiatry's (DSM-IV) category of "Antisocial Personality Disorder" is heterogeneous and fails to document some of the more interesting and notorious psychopaths of our era. The author also shows why the antinomic formula "Nature vs. Nurture" should be revised to "Nature via Nurture" and reviews the evidence for the heritability of crime-relevant traits. One of these traits -- fearlessness -- seems to be one basis for the primary psychopathy and the author argues that the primary psychopath and the hero may be twigs on the same genetic branch. But crime -- the failure of socialization -- is rare among traditional peoples still living in the extended-family environment in which our common ancestors lived and to which our species is evolutionarily adapted. The author demonstrates that the sharp rise in crime and violence in the United States since the 1960s can be attributed to the coeval increase in divorce and illegitimacy which has left millions of fatherless children to be reared by over-burdened, often immature or sociopathic single mothers. The genus sociopathic personality includes those persons whose failure of socialization can be attributed largely to incompetent or indifferent rearing. Two generalizations supported by modern behavior genetic research are that most psychological traits have strong genetic roots and show little lasting influence of the rearing environment. This book demonstrates that the important trait of socialization is an exception. Although traits that obstruct or facilitate socialization tend to obey these rules, socialization itself is only weakly heritable; this is because modern American society displays such enormous variance in the relevant environmental factors, mainly in parental competence. Moreover, parental incompetence that produces sociopathy in one child is likely to have the same result with any siblings. This book argues that sociopathy contributes far more to crime and violence than psychopathy because sociopaths are much more numerous and because sociopathy is a familial trait for both genetic and environmental reasons. With a provocative thesis and an engaging style, this book will be of principal interest to clinical, personality, forensic, and developmental psychologists and their students, as well as to psychiatrists and criminologists.