Showing papers on "Antitussive Agent published in 1989"

Subsensitivity to the cough-depressant effects of opioid and nonopioid antitussives in morphine-dependent rats: relationship to central serotonin function.

Abstract: The present study was designed to determine whether morphine-dependent rats have a decreased sensitivity to the cough-depressant effects of both opioid and nonopioid antitussives. Morphine dependence was induced by treatment with morphine-admixed food (0.5 mg/g of food) for 7 days. The cough reflex was induced by application of electrical stimulation to the tracheal mucosa by the puncture electrode-induced cough method. The cough-depressant effect was evaluated as the antitussive ED50 calculated by the method of Litchfield and Wilcoxon. The effects of both opioid (morphine and dihydrocodeine) and nonopioid (dextromethorphan and noscapine) antitussive drugs were diminished in morphine-dependent rats. The values of ED50 of these antitussive drugs in morphine-dependent rats were about 3-fold higher than those in control rats. A significantly lower number of serotonin receptors was found in the brainstem of morphine-dependent rats (Bmax: 2.88 +/- 0.32 pmoles/mg protein) than in controls (Bmax: 4.93 +/- 0.50 pmoles/mg protein). It is possible that the decreased sensitivity to both opioid and nonopioid antitussive drugs, in terms of the depression of the cough reflex, in morphine-dependent rats may be due to changes in the number of serotonin receptors.

Objective assessment of cough suppressants under normal and pathological experimental conditions.

Abstract: The influences of the antitussive activity of glaucine were studied in 56 non-anaesthetized cats under normal and pathological conditions. Cough was induced by mechanical stimulation of the airways with a nylon fibre. The authors found that if glaucine was administered at a dose of 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mg/kg b.w., i.p., it evoked statistically significant suppression on single cough components. After inflammation of the airways was induced with unsoluted croton oil, no decrease in antitussive activity of glaucine could be observed, according to the number of cough efforts, frequency, intensity of maximal cough effort, and intensity of cough attack during expiration. Glaucine used under such conditions was not found to be powerful enough to suppress either the intensity of maximal cough effort or the intensity of cough attack during inspiration. The antitussive effect of glaucine was stronger under pathological conditions (Staphylococcus-induced inflammation). The antitussive effect of glaucine was approximately the same as with codeine if administered in equal doses.

Phenol-containing antitussive agent

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide the subject composition which contains an oral antitussive agent, phenol and an auxiliary solvent, has a pH in a specific range, manifests marked antitussive effect and promptly and effectively relieves incidental pharyngolaryngitis. CONSTITUTION: This liquid composition contains, per 5-30ml dose, (A) a water- based orally permissible medicinal carrier, (B) an effective amount of an oral antitussive agent, preferably 10-30mg of dextromethorphan hydrobromide, (C) 10-150mg, preferably 50-150mg of a phenol and (D) 5-25vol.%, pref'erably 10-20 vol. % of an auxiliary solvent, preferably ethanol, glycerol or propylene glycol and has a pH of 6-7. The component A is preferably a water-based syrup of high saccharide content and its water content is 20-75W/V%, preferably 20-40W/V% based on the final composition.