Showing papers on "Antitussive Agent published in 2002"
TL;DR: Over the counter cough medicines for acute cough cannot be recommended because there is no good evidence for their effectiveness and the effect sizes were small and of doubtful clinical relevance.
Abstract: Objectives To determine whether over the counter cough medicines are effective for acute cough in adults. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials.
162 citations
TL;DR: The methanol extract of the leaves of Passiflora incarnata exhibited significant antitussive activity on sulfur dioxide-induced cough in mice, the cough inhibition being comparable to that of codeine phosphate.
45 citations
TL;DR: Preclinical findings showing that activation of the 'opioid-like' receptor (NOP(1)) inhibits cough in the guinea pig and cat are discussed.
43 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that delta-opioid receptor antagonists, such as naltrindole and 7-benzylidenenaltrexone, produced potent antitussive effects, which may be mediated by the antagonism of delta(1)-, but not delta(2)-opIOid receptors.
25 citations
TL;DR: In humans, an agonist action at 5-HT2 and/or5-HT1 receptors may be involved in the antitussive effect of morphine, but not its sedative effect, suggesting that further knowledge of central cough pathways in humans must await the availability of more selective receptor agonists and antagonists for human studies.
23 citations
TL;DR: In patients of all ages, levocloperastine represents an effective alternative to currently used antitussive agents with the added advantage of faster onset of action and improved tolerability in all patient groups.
Abstract: Cough associated with acute and chronic respiratory conditions is common in patients of all ages Levocloperastine is a novel antitussive with a pharmacological profile distinct from that of the racemic DL-cloperastine Levocloperastine with its dual mechanism of action acts on both the central bulbar cough centre and on peripheral receptors in the tracheobronchial tree In preclinical studies, levocloperastine demonstrated antitussive effects similar to those observed with codeine In acute and repeated-dose toxicity studies, levocloperastine was well tolerated in rodents and dogs, with no clinically significant cardiovascular or gastrointestinal adverse events The pharmacokinetic behaviour of levocloperastine, best described by a two-compartmental model with absorption phase, is similar to that of the racemic compound DL-cloperastine In clinical trials, levocloperastine had a faster onset of action and produced greater reductions in the intensity and frequency of cough compared with DL-cloperastine, codeine and levodropropizine The antitussive effects (reduction in intensity and frequency of cough) of levocloperastine were observed after the first day of treatment in patients of all ages In children, levocloperastine reduced night-time awakenings and irritability; in adults, it was also effective in treating ACE-inhibitor cough Levocloperastine was generally well tolerated There was no evidence of clinically significant central adverse events, whereas drowsiness, dry mouth and nausea were reported with comparator agents (levodropropizine, codeine, DL-cloperastine) Levocloperastine represents an effective alternative to currently used antitussive agents with the added advantage of faster onset of action and improved tolerability in all patient groups
12 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that inhaled pinacidil and moguisteine both attenuate capsaicin-induced coughs, and may exert their antitussive effects through the activation of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the tracheobronchial tract.
10 citations