Topic
Aphid
About: Aphid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11380 publications have been published within this topic receiving 229721 citations. The topic is also known as: Aphidoidea & plant lice.
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TL;DR: Data indicate that M. persicae has the greatest tolerance of high temperatures, and bacteria known generically as secondary symbionts can promote thermal tolerance of aphids, but they were not detected in the aphids studied here.
60 citations
60 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that pyramiding resistance genes can provide sufficient and consistent yield protection from soybean aphid in North America.
Abstract: The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is a threat to soybean production in the Midwestern United States. Varieties containing the Rag1 soybean aphid resistance gene have been released with limited success in reducing aphid populations. Furthermore, virulent biotypes occur within North America and challenge the durability of single-gene resistance. Pyramiding resistance genes has the potential to improve aphid population suppression and increase resistance gene durability. Our goal was to determine if a pyramid could provide improved aphid population suppression across awide range of environments. We conducted a small-plot field experiment across seven states and three years. We compared soybean near-isolines for the Rag1 or Rag2 gene, and a pyramid line containing both genes for their ability to decrease aphid pressure and protect yield compared with a susceptible line. These lines were evaluated both with and without a neonicitinoid seed treatment. All aphid-resistant lines significantly decreased aphid pressure at all locations but one. The pyramid line experienced lower aphid pressure than both single-gene lines at eight of 23 location-years. Soybean aphids significantly reduced soybean yield for the susceptible line by 14% and for both single-gene lines by 5%; however, no significant yield decrease was observed for the pyramid line. The neonicitinoid seed treatment reduced plant exposure to aphids across all soybean lines, but did not provide significant yield protection for any of the lines. These results demonstrate that pyramiding resistance genes can provide sufficient and consistent yield protection from soybean aphid in North America.
60 citations
TL;DR: A review of the published literature regarding pesticide effects upon aphid parasitoid developing within mummified hosts indicates that organophosphate insecticides prove generally more toxic to developing parasitoids than either pyrethroid or carbamate compounds.
Abstract: A review of the published literature regarding pesticide effects upon aphid parasitoids developing within mummified hosts is presented. The factors influencing the protection of the parasitoid within its aphid host are detailed, thereby allowing comparisons to be made between different studies. A summary of database records indicates that organophosphate insecticides prove generally more toxic to developing parasitoids than either pyrethroid or carbamate compounds. Future areas of research aimed at selecting particular groups of pesticides for use in integrated pest management programmes are discussed.
60 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the most likely cause for the unacceptability of the plants to pests and decreased reproduction and mortality, was the uptake of soluble phenolic materials from the vermicompost extracts into the plant tissues.
60 citations