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Apical cytoplasm

About: Apical cytoplasm is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1080 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36131 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This report describes the ultrastructural alterations observed in the nasal and bronchial mucosa of an 11‐yr‐old male suffering from immotile cilia syndrome (ICS).

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that TRH stimulates the thyrotroph and accelerates synchronously the secretion as well as the synthesis of TSH.
Abstract: The pituitary thyrotrophs and thyroid follicular cells of rats were studied by electron microscopy and morphometric analysis at 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60min after intravenous injection of 200μg of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and at 10min after injection of 10μg TRH.Multiple granule extrusions in a group were often observed around the pituitary thyrotrophs at 5, 10 and 20min after administration of 200μg TRH, as well as at 10min after injectiom of 10μg TRH. The number of released granules reached its maximum at 10min after 200μg TRH injection, but the total number of secretory granules in the cytoplasm of thyrotrophs did not show any significant variation throughout the experimental period. Percent area of the rough endoplasmic reticulum indicated the maximum value at 20min and that of the Golgi apparatus at 10min. These findings suggest that TRH stimulates the thyrotroph and accelerates synchronously the secretion as well as the synthesis of TSH.In the thyroid follicular cells after 200μg TRH injection, numerous small vesicles which might be secretory granules were found in the apical cytoplasm at 5 and 10min. Pseudopod formation on the luminal surface and accumulation of colloid droplets and lysosome-like granules in the apical cytoplasm were most frequently observed at 20 and 30min. The value of the mean ratio of the diameter of the colloid lumen to the cell height of follicular cells in the thyroid follicles of all experimental animals stimulated with TRH decreased much more than that of the control animals. This value may indicate the increased activity of follicular cells to reabsorb the colloid.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present data support the notion that FcRn might be involved in the transfer of maternal immunoglobulins and in the local defense mechanism of the mammary gland.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is revealed that avian bile ductular epithelial cells possess a long single cilium, which may not be motile, but properly regarded as sensory or chemoreceptors.
Abstract: The intrahepatic biliary passage in five species of birds was investigated with the transmission electron microscope. The avian liver was characterized by a frequent occurrence of intralobular bile ductules and canaliculo-ductular junctions in the parenchyme. It was further characterized by solitary bile ductular epithelial cells intercalated among hapatocytes surrounding bile canaliculi. The present study first revealed that avian bile ductular epithelial cells possess a long single cilium. Its basal body (distal centriole) was connected to a basal foot and slender rootlet and accompanied by a proximal centriole. The hepatocytes facing the bile passage possessed no cilium, although they frequently had a diplosome in their apical cytoplasm. The single cilia of the bile ductular epithelium gradually tapered toward the tip. The original fiber pattern in the most proximal part was peripheral 9 doublets +0. In the ciliary shaft, the doublets altered into singlets which were diminished in number gradually toward the distal parts of the shaft, so that in the tip only one singlet remained. Since these fiber patterns in the single cilia markedly deviated from the 9+2 fiber pattern of the ordinary motile cilia, they may not be motile, but properly regarded as sensory or chemoreceptors.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The drugs do not interfere with passage of newly synthesized thyroglobulin from the Golgi saccules to nearby secretory vesicles, but do inhibit intracellular migration of these vesicle to the cell apex, suggesting that exocytosis may also be partially inhibited.
Abstract: Young (40 gm) rats were given a single intravenous injection of colchicine (4.0 mg) or vinblastine (2.0 mg). At 10 min after colchicine and 30 min after vinblastine administration, the rats were injected with 3H-fucose. Control rats received 3H-fucose only. All rats were sacrificed 90 min after 3H-fucose injection and their tissues processed for radioautography. In thyroid follicular cells of control animals, at this time interval, 57% of the total label was associated with colloid and secretory vesicles in the apical cytoplasm while 27% was localized in the Golgi apparatus and neighboring vesicles. In experimental animals, the proportion of label in colloid and apical vesicles was reduced by more than 69% after colchicine and more than 83% after vinblastine treatment. The proportion of label in the Golgi region, on the other hand, increased by more than 125% after colchicine and more than 179% after vinblastine treatment. Within the Golgi region, the great majority of the label was associated with secretory vesicles which accumulated adjacent to the trans face of the Golgi stacks. It is concluded that the drugs do not interfere with passage of newly synthesized thyroglobulin from the Golgi saccules to nearby secretory vesicles, but do inhibit intracellular migration of these vesicles to the cell apex. In most cells the number of vesicles in the apical cytoplasm diminished, but this was not always the case, suggesting that exocytosis may also be partially inhibited. The loss of microtubules in drug-treated cells suggests that the microtubules may be necessary for intracellular transport of thyroglobulin.

12 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202112
20205
20195
20188
20175
201615