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Apical cytoplasm

About: Apical cytoplasm is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1080 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36131 citations.


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TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that basophilic cell and digestive cell of the digestive tubule are specialized in the extracellular and intracellular digestion, respectively.
Abstract: The microanatomy and ultrastructure of the digestive diverticulum of Mytilus galloprovincialis were described usinglight and electron microscopy. The digestive diverticulum of tawny color was surrounded the stomach and connected tostomach by a primary duct. Digestive diverticulum is composed of numerous digestive tubules. The epithelial layer of asimple digestive tubule, which is simple, is composed of basophilic cells and digestive cells. Basophilic cells arecolumnar in shape, and has a well-developed endoplasmic reticula, tubular mitochondria, Golgi complex and membrane-bounded granules of high electron density in the cytoplasm. Whereas digestive cells are columnar in shape, withdevelopment of microvilli and cilia on the free surface. Pinocytic vasicles, active lysosomes and numerous mitochondriawere observed in the apical cytoplasm of digestive cells. The results of this study suggest that basophilic cell anddigestive cell of the digestive tubule are specialized in the extracellular and intracellular digestion, respectively. Keywords : Basophilic cell, Digestive cell, Digestive diverticulum,

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two different types of ependymal cells were found in the subcommissural organ (SCO) of Natrix maura, and they were characterized by scarce surface differentiations, sparse apical cytoplasm and short basal processes.
Abstract: Two different types of ependymal cells were found in the subcommissural organ (SCO) of Natrix maura. Most secretory cells showed morphological features resembling the general structure and ultrastructure of cells in the SCO of other vertebrates. This report describes a second population of cells lining a portion of the dorsal groove of the SCO. These cells were not selectively stained by chromalum-hematoxylin and, under the electron microscope, they were characterized by scarce surface differentiations, sparse apical cytoplasm and short basal processes. Flat, parallel cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum produced vesicles that appeared to be transported to the well-developed Golgi apparatus. Dense secretory granules about 200 nm in diameter were found in the Golgi region. Similar granules were seen in the vicinity of the apical plasma membrane; some of them opened toward the ventricle. All these characteristics clearly differentiate this cell group from the other secretory cells lining the SCO laterally and ventrally.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The electron microscopic findings suggested that the biliary and gallbladder epithelial cells of Mongolian gerbils secreted mucin with terminal sialic and sulfonic acid residues and that the lectin binding activity of mucin secreted from these cells was similar to that of muc in the periductal glandular epithel cells of mice and rats.
Abstract: The bile duct system of normal Mongolian gerbils was examined histochemically. The luminal surface membrane and apical cytoplasm of the biliary and gallbladder epithelial cells were stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), alcian blue, pH 2.5 (AB) and high iron diamine (HID)-AB, and many epithelial cells of the common bile duct and gallbladder had weakly PAS-positive granular material in their supranuclear cytoplasm. Lectin-histochemically, these cells had binding sites to Concanavalia ensiformis (ConA), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Glycine max (SBA), Ulex europeas-I (UEA-I), and Triticum vulgaris (WGA). On the other hand, the periductal glandular epithelial cells were not stained by any histochemical stainings. In addition to these light microscopic findings, the electron microscopic findings based on the periodic acid-silver methenamine method and avidin-biotin colloidal gold method for DBA and WGA suggested that the biliary and gallbladder epithelial cells of Mongolian gerbils secreted mucin with terminal sialic and sulfonic acid residues and that the lectin binding activity of mucin secreted from these cells was similar to that of mucin secreted from the periductal glandular epithelial cells of mice and rats.

2 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The lizard Uromastix acanthinurus living in the Algerian Sahara has the spring reproductive cycle when the epididymis and the sexual segment of kidney undergoes seasonal structural and ultrastructural variations.
Abstract: The lizard Uromastix acanthinurus living in the Algerian Sahara has the spring reproductive cycle when the epididymis and the sexual segment of kidney undergoes seasonal structural and ultrastructural variations. During breeding period (spring), the tubules of sexual segment of kidney are hypertrophied and actively secretive. They are lined with high cells in which both proteic and glycoproteic secretion granules are accumulated in the apical pole. These serous cells contain a euchromatic nucleus, an active nucleolus with granular and dense fibrillar components, and a fibrillar center; the cytoplasm contains a vesicular RER, several Golgi areas, multivesicular bodies, numerous mitochondria and secretion granules. During the resting period (summer, autumn, and winter), the tubules of sexual segment of kidney are surrounded by a dense connective tissue. Epithelial cells have now mucous secretion. These cells present a basal euchromatic nucleus with an active nucleolus. The apical cytoplasm contains mucigenous vesicles. Mitochondria with lamellar crests are concentrated in the basal part of the cells and the Golgi apparatus is supra nuclear. The plasma membrane develops lateral and basal folds.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Masaru Yoda1
TL;DR: It is probably assumed that the brush cell plays a role of an endocrine function to secret the containing granules into the connective tissue of the tracheal mucous membrance in rats and no epithelioneural junctions can be discerned between the brush cells and the nerve endings in the epithelium.
Abstract: To elucidate the ultrastructural organization of the tracheal epithelium and especially the fine structure of the non-ciliated cells (brush cells), the electron microscope observations were carried out. Many rats in the postnatal developmental stages and adult ones were used in this study. The tracheal epithelium of the rats is composed of a simple columnar or a pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, and it contains four distinct types of cells; ciliated cells, mucous cells (goblet cells), basal cells, and non-ciliated cells (brush cells). The ciliated cell has a clear cytoplasm compared with those of the other types of cells and favorable amount of cell organelles. Sometimes, the process of the ciliogenesis can be sproradically seen in the presumably ciliated cells early in the postnatal developmental stages and also in the adult ones. The mucous secretory cells with a fairly dense cytoplasm provided with plenty of rER and other cell organelles are more predominant in number in immature rats. However, there are scarcely seen the mucous cells provided with a typical goblet composed of many secretory granules in the apical cytoplasm. Non-ciliated cells aligned the luminal surface of the tracheal epithelium are divided into two categories, one is the mucous secretory cell and the other is the so-called brush cell provided with the brush border on its luminal surface, and the latter also contains many characteristic granules of small size. Some of these granules contain a dense spherical core, and frequently situate in the basal part or along the lateral cell boundary clustered in small groups. On the other hand, there are frequently observed many naked nerve endings, and most of them contain both small clear vesicles and large cored vesicles, and others contain also small granular vesicles, neurotubules, small mitochondria or scarce glycogen particles. However, no epithelioneural junctions can be discerned between the brush cells and the nerve endings in the epithelium. These findings mentioned above may be probably assumed that the brush cell plays a role of an endocrine function to secret the containing granules into the connective tissue of the tracheal mucous membrance in rats.

2 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202112
20205
20195
20188
20175
201615