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Showing papers on "Apochromat published in 1991"


Patent
12 Dec 1991
TL;DR: An apocromatic relay system suitable for use in a high definition telecine apparatus comprising two groups of lens components with approximate symmetry about an aperture stop, as in a basic double gauss configuration plus one or two additional lens components located at the front of the first group of component and/or at the rear of the second group is described in this article.
Abstract: An apocromatic relay system suitable for use in a high definition telecine apparatus comprising two groups of lens components with approximate symmetry about an aperture stop, as in a basic double gauss configuration plus one or two additional lens components located at the front of the first group of lens components and/or at the rear of the second group.

31 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The properties of chalcogenide glasses that are most important for applications as infrared transmitting materials are reported and their mutual relationships are given in this paper, where the requirements for the intrinsic transmission of the materials and the reasons for their limitation are discussed.
Abstract: The properties of chalcogenide glasses that are most important for applications as infrared transmitting materials are reported and their mutual relationships are given. The requirements for the intrinsic transmission of the materials and the reasons for their limitation are discussed. Based on structural interpretations of the optical parameters, combinations of glasses for the apochromatic correction of objectives are proposed. The relations between thermal properties, mechanical strength and stress-induced birefringence are shown and suitable compromises for proper applications are deduced.

20 citations


Patent
19 Nov 1991
TL;DR: In this article, a 3rd lens group G3 consisting of a convex, concave and a concave lens and a negative refracting-power cemented surface was proposed to compensate for the spherical aberration and chromatic aberration.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the semi-apochromat or apochromat microscope objective which has high power and a high numerical aperture by using a glass material for fluorescence and excellently compensating a spherical aberration, a chromatic aberration, curvature of field, etc. CONSTITUTION: The spherical aberration and chromatic aberration are compensated by a 3rd lens group G3 which includes a three-element cemented lens consisting of a convex, a concave, and a convex lens and a cemented lens having a negative- refracting-power cemented surface. The chromatic aberration is compensated by the three cemented lenses which are close to a pupil position, but various aberrations are excellently compensated by satisfying conditions shown by inequalities. Here, n 3 N is the refractive index of the concave lens of the three-element cemented lens, n 3 P and ν 3 P the refractive index and Abbe's number of the object-side convex lens, r 3 PN the radius of curvature of the object-side cemented surface, H 3 the light beam height of the passage of the light beam with the largest numerical aperture on the object-side cemented surface, and n 111 P, h 111 P, r 111 P, and H 1111 the refractive index of the concave lens, the refractive index of the convex lens, the radius of curvature of its cemented surface, and the maximum numerical aperture of the cemented surface before and behind at least one cemented surface other than the three-element cemented lens. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio

6 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of the dispersion characteristics of glasses and liquids is presented, and specific design examples that illustrate the performance improvements possible with glass-liquid combinations are discussed.
Abstract: The traditional approach to designing a high-performance, apochromatic, telescope objective has always required the incorporation of an abnormal dispersion glass or crystal. These materials are notorious for their high cost and poor mechanical properties. Recently, some optical liquids have been found that have dispersion properties unequaled by any known glass or crystal. This has opened the way to lower-cost apochromatic objectives. While many of the problems associated with the use of traditional abnormal dispersion materials can be avoided, the incorporation of an abnormal dispersion liquid 'element' in combination with common (normal dispersion) glasses in a telescope objective design creates some unique design considerations. In this paper, a comparison of the dispersion characteristics of glasses and liquids are presented. Also presented are specific design examples that illustrate the performance improvements possible with glass-liquid combinations. The problems associated with obtaining high precision refractive index measurements on liquids and a comparison of liquid catalog and measured indices are discussed. Finally, some design issues unique to liquid lenses such as athermalization, sealing, volumetric expansion accommodation, freezing, and long-term stability are addressed.

5 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1991
TL;DR: Optical glasses, due to their high homogeneity regarding physical properties, and the ability to tailor key characteristics to meet the desired performance, find new applications in the wide fields of optics and optoelectronics as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Optical glasses, due to their high homogeneity regarding physical properties, and the ability to tailor key characteristics to meet the desired performance, find new applications in the wide fields of optics and optoelectronics. In the optical glass field the general development goals are: optical glasses with anomalous partial dispersion characteristics for apochromatic color corrections; glasses with reduced weight, so called lightweight glasses; glasses with improved UV- transmittance; new glass types for deep UV-applications; optical glasses with high homogeneity in diameter up to 1555 mm; highly prestressed windows dia. 930 mm for bubble chambers; the latest results will be presented. For radioactive environments and for space applications a variety of stabilized optical glasses have been developed. These glasses have been testes with electron-, proton-, neutron- and gamma radiation. Special glasses exist for the use in Cerenkov and Scintillation counters for particle research. Nonlinear optical effects in semiconductor doped glasses are under investigation.

4 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1991
TL;DR: In this article, a near diffraction limited kinoform tele-apochromat-anastigmats was designed for broadband spectral range images, and the apochromatic correction of the aberration was achieved without the load- dispersion glasses or crystals both for infinity and for the finite distance.
Abstract: A near diffraction limited kinoform tele-apochromat-anastigmats was designed for broadband spectral range images. By use of kinoform elements, the apochromatic correction of the aberration is achieved without the load- dispersion glasses or crystals both for infinity and for the finite distance. Design and results of the testing are presented.

4 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
Abstract: Apochromatic designs of lens systems utilizing two and three optical materials are described. The performance evaluations of these designs are shown. The chromatic correction of some of these apochromats is investigated using measured values of refractive indices of glass melts.

3 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: In this article, achromatic and super-achromatic lens groups were combined to achieve improved tertiary spectrum residuals in apochromatic systems, and the application of this technique was reported.
Abstract: By combining achromatic and super achromatic lens groups we may achieve improved tertiary spectrum residuals in apochromatic systems. The application of this technique is reported. 1.

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the spherical aberration of the lens in air is not a true representation of the spherical abrasion on the eye, but the remaining optics of the eye are not considered.

2 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1991
TL;DR: In this paper, the spheric aberration of flat-convex intraocular lenses as measured by a holographic interferometer is discussed, and the results are compared with the technical data on the aberration that such a lens presents.
Abstract: During the last few years, the number of intraocular lenses that have been implanted has grown considerably, thereby creating the need for an exhaustive study of the characteristics of such lenses as image-forming systems. In this paper, the spheric aberration of flat-convex intraocular lenses as measured by a holographic interferometer is discusses, and the results are compared with the technical data on the aberration that such a lens presents. The match between theory and experimentation is good.© (1991) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

1 citations