Topic
Arabitol
About: Arabitol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 388 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8398 citations. The topic is also known as: D-(+)-Arabitol & D-arabitol.
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TL;DR: Many isolated strains of Aureobasidium sp.
Abstract: Many isolated strains of Aureobasidium sp. were found to produce extracellular lipids as heavy oils in culture media containing no CaCO3 as a neutralizing agent. The lipids (35 g) were recovered from the culture broth (1 liter) of a light-colored mutant of Aureobasidium sp. A-2 and proved to be a mixture of fatty acid esters of arabitol and mannitol. The two main components of the lipophilic moiety of the lipids proved to be 3,5-dihydroxydecanoic and 5-hydroxy-2-decenoic acids by the identification of their lactones, (+)-3-hydroxydecan-5-olide and (R)-(−)-2-decen-5-olide, that is, R-(−)-massoilactone, respectively.
51 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used supported ruthenium and platinum bimetallic catalysts to convert lignocellulosic biomass of Japanese cedar, eucalyptus, bagasse, empty fruit bunch, and rice straw.
50 citations
TL;DR: The response of the yeast Hansenula anomala to a reduction in water activity from 0·998 to 0·925 (adjusted with glucose or NaCl) was monitored and natural abundance 13C NMR spectroscopy and HPLC analysis revealed that the type of carbon source determined which polyols were present intracellularly at0·998 a w.
Abstract: Summary: The response of the yeast Hansenula anomala to a reduction in water activity (a
w) from 0·998 to 0·925 (adjusted with glucose or NaCl) was monitored. Natural abundance 13C NMR spectroscopy and HPLC analysis revealed that the type of carbon source determined which polyols were present intracellularly at 0·998 a
w. At 0·95 a
w (NaCl), glycerol was accumulated in all instances irrespective of the type of carbon source indicating the primary role of glycerol in osmoregulation. The carbon source had a bearing only on which other polyol(s) were accumulated. During growth on glucose at 0·95 a
w (NaCl or glucose), glycerol was accumulated intracellularly in the exponential growth phase with a concentration ratio (intra-/extracellular) as high as 10000-fold whereas during the stationary phase arabitol accumulation occurred to a lower concentration ratio while the glycerol concentration decreased. The specific growth rate and cell volume decreased with increasing NaCl or glucose concentrations. This indicated that the yeast had no specific requirement for these compounds for optimum growth but tolerated high concentrations. Reducing the a
w to 0·95 resulted in increasing intracellular concentrations of glycerol and arabitol whereas below 0·95 a
W (NaCl or glucose), the intracellular polyol concentration decreased while the polyol concentration ratios across the cell membrane increased. During the early exponential growth phase at 0·95 a
w, glycerol was accumulated in sufficiently high concentrations to achieve an osmotic balance across the membrane whereas in the stationary phase the arabitol and glycerol concentration was insufficient to maintain the osmotic balance.
48 citations
TL;DR: Results obtained by using 35 strains and 58 phenotypic characteristics are reported, showing evidence of at least three distinct homology groups that are believed to represent three species within this genus Gluconobacter.
Abstract: In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol. 1, only one species is listed in the genus Gluconobacter. One other species, Gluconobacter cerinus, was proposed by Yamada and Akita in 1984. However, recent deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid homology studies have produced evidence of at least three distinct homology groups that are believed to represent three species within this genus. In this paper we report results obtained by using 35 strains and 58 phenotypic characteristics. Three tests were useful in differentiating the three Gluconobacter species. Homology group I strains grew to an optical density (OD) of only 0.5 U or less on medium containing ribitol or arabitol as the primary carbon source, and they grew to an OD of only 0.5 U or less after three passages (24 h of incubation each) in nicotinate-deficient media. We propose that the name Gluconobacter oxydans (Henneberg 1897) De Ley 1961 be retained for these strains. Homology group II strains grew to an OD of more than 1.0 U on medium containing ribitol or arabitol as the primary carbon source, and they grew to an OD of more than 1.0 U after three passages (24 h of incubation each) in nicotinate-deficient media. We propose that the group II gluconobacters be named Gluconobacter frateurii sp. nov. All of the typical strains of homology group III grew to an OD of 0.5 U or less on medium containing ribitol or arabitol as the primary carbon source, but they grew to an OD of 1.0 U or more after three passages (24 h of incubation each) in nicotinate-deficient media. We propose that the group III gluconobacters be named Gluconobacter asaii sp. nov.
48 citations
TL;DR: A cyanide-insensitive and salicyl hydroxamic acid-sensitive respiration was found in the yeast Pichia stipitis in contrast to Candida utilis, Pachysolen tannophilus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Abstract: A cyanide-insensitive and salicyl hydroxamic acid-sensitive respiration (CIR) was found in the yeast Pichia stipitis in contrast to Candida utilis, Pachysolen tannophilus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. During xylose utilization in the presence of either salicyl hydroxamic acid or cyanide, P. stipitis formed xylitol, arabitol, and ribitol. The existence of CIR is discussed in terms of a redox sink preventing xylitol formation in P. stipitis.
47 citations