Arabitol

About: Arabitol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 388 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8398 citations. The topic is also known as: D-(+)-Arabitol & D-arabitol.

The polyol pattern of fungi as influenced by the carbohydrate nutrient source

Abstract: SUMMARY Penicillium (P.) italieum (1), Endothia parasitica (2), Agaricus bispours (3), Candida albicans (4), Mucor rouxii (5), Phycomyces (ph.) blakesleeanus (6) and Zygorhynchus moelleri (7) were cultivated in liquid media differing in the carbohydrate source and their free polyol (alditol) composition was established by gas-liquid chromatography. Total polyol on a dry weight basis ranged from 4-19% in (1)-(4), and from 0·2-2% in (5)-(7). Species (l)-(3) contained mannitol, in addition to erythritol, arabitol, and glycerol; the last two were also present in (4)-(7), together with ribitol. Although the relative proportion of the constituents of the polyol fraction depended on the nutrient Sugar, the pattern of polyols generally remained constant. Notably, the mannitol precursor, fructose, did not induce synthesis of the hexitol in (4)-(7) nor ribose that of ribitol in (1)-(3).

Physiological Characterization of a Novel Wild-Type Yarrowia lipolytica Strain Grown on Glycerol: Effects of Cultivation Conditions and Mode on Polyols and Citric Acid Production

Abstract: A new yeast wild-type Yarrowia lipolytica isolate presented efficient growth on glycerol. During flask cultures, nitrogen limitation led to the secretion of sugar-alcohols as the major metabolites of the process (mannitol, arabitol and erythritol), whereas insignificant quantities of citrate were synthesized. Although in some instances high initial glycerol concentrations were employed (≈150 g/L), remarkable glycerol assimilation and polyol secretion was observed. Total polyols ≈ 52 g/L (conversion yield on glycerol consumed = 0.43 g/g) was recorded in the flask experiments. The sugar-alcohol production bioprocess was successfully simulated with the aid of a modified Velhlust–Aggelis model that fitted very well with the experimental data, while optimized parameter values seemed to be quite consistent. In bioreactor trials, a noticeable metabolic shift towards citric acid production was observed, while simultaneously insignificant polyol quantities were produced. In fed-batch bioreactor experiments, a total citric acid quantity ≈ 102 g/L was recorded—one of the highest in the literature for wild-type Y. lipolytica strains. This metabolic transition was due to higher oxygen saturation into the medium that occurred in the bioreactor experiments compared with the flasks. Cellular lipids produced in the bioreactor trial contained higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids compared with those produced in flasks.

Correlation between limitation of growth ofPachysolentannophilus on D-xylose with the formation of ethanol and other products

Abstract: The formation of ethanol, xylitol, ribitol, arabitol and acetic acid from D-xylose byPachysolentannophilus correlated with the limitation of growth. The correlation was consistent with these products being secondary metabolites.

Physiology of polyol formation by free and immobilized cells of the osmotolerant yeast Pichia farinosa

Abstract: Some physiological data of cells of Pichia farinosa immobilized on sintered glass Raschig rings were compared with data from free cells. Glucose consumption and productivity of total polyols (arabitol, glycerol and erythritol) showed a simultaneous “inter-lag” phase. Enzymes that catalyse steps of the pentosephosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, transaldolase and polyol dehydrogenase) showed a distinct increase after transfer of the cells into production medium. The activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was generally low. Only alcohol dehydrogenase presented the inter-lag phase mentioned above.