Arabitol

About: Arabitol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 388 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8398 citations. The topic is also known as: D-(+)-Arabitol & D-arabitol.

Influence of inhibitory compounds and minor sugars on xylitol production by Debaryomyces hansenii.

Abstract: To obtain in-depth information on the overall metabolic behavior of the new good xylitol producer Debaryomyces hansenii UFV-170, batch bioconversions were carried out using semisynthetic media with compositions simulating those of typical acidic hemicellulose hydrolysates of sugarcane bagasse. For this purpose, we used media containing glucose (4.3–6.5 g/L), xylose (60.1–92.1 g/L), or arabinose (5.9–9.2 g/L), or binary or ternary mixtures of them in either the presence or absence of typical inhibitors of acidic hydrolysates, such as furfural (1.0–5.0 g/L), hydroxymethylfurfural (0.01–0.30 g/L), acetic acid (0.5–3.0 g/L), and vanillin (0.5–3.0 g/L). D. hansenii exhibited a good tolerance to high sugar concentrations as well as to the presence of inhibiting compounds in the fermentation media. It was able to produce xylitol only from xylose, arabitol from arabinose, and no glucitol from glucose. Arabinose metabolization was incomplete, while ethanol was mainly produced from glucose and, to a lesser less extent, from xylose and arabinose. The results suggest potential application of this strain in xyloseto-xylitol bioconversion from complex xylose media from lignocellulosic materials.

The soluble carbohydrates of Aspergillus clavatus.

Abstract: SUMMARY: A recent report that the major soluble carbohydrates of Aspergillus clavatus include ribitol and sorbose is wrong. The pentitol is arabitol and no sorbose could be detected, demonstrating that A. clavatus is not unlike many other moulds. Previous work on the metabolism of acyclic polyols in A. clavatus is re-evaluated.

Effect of corn steep liquor on fermentation of mixed sugars by Candida shehatae FPL-702

Abstract: Candida shehatae FPL-702, is a mutant strain obtained from C. shehatae ATCC 22984 by selection for rapid growth on L-xylose and xylitol in the presence of respiratory inhibitors. This strain produced more ethanol from xylose than any other pentose-fermenting yeast strain tested. These included the parental C. shehatae strain ATCC 22984 and other wild-type or mutant strains of Pichia stipitis and Pachysolen tannophilus. C. shehatae FPL-702 showed initial rapid growth on xylose. During fed-batch shake-flask fermentation of glucose, FPL-702 produced 3.5% (w / v) ethanol. Ethanol production from glucose increased to 5.0% (w / v) when corn steep liquor (CSL) was added in the fermentation medium. In contrast, CSL reduced consumption of xylose and ethanol production in shake-flask fermentations of xylose and mixtures of xylose and glucose. However, CSL also reduced xylitol formation. Maximum ethanol production from a mixed-sugar fermentation was 3.25% (w / v). C. shehatae FPL-702 did not use L-arabinose during mixed-sugar fermentation in the presence or absence of CSL, but it did grow on arabinose and convert it into arabitol. In the fed-batch reactor, this strain exhibited improved ethanol production rates from mixed sugar in the presence of CSL.

Screening of new yeast Pichia manchurica for arabitol production

Abstract: Arabitol has several applications in food and pharmaceutical industries as a natural sweetener, dental caries inhibitor, and texturing agent. Newly isolated yeast strains from seawater, sugarcane plantation soil samples, and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii 2635 from MTCC were tested for arabitol production. The yield of arabitol was found to be higher in seawater isolate (24.6 g L-1 ) compared to two soil isolates (22.5 g L-1 ) and Z. rouxii (19.4 g L-1 ). Based on ITS 26S rDNA sequence analysis, the seawater isolate was identified as Pichia manchurica. In the present study, the effect of different substrates, trace elements, nitrogen sources, pH, and temperature on arabitol production was examined. Three different carbon sources viz. glucose, arabinose, and galactose were studied. Glucose was determined to be the best substrate for arabitol production (27.6 g L-1 ) followed by arabinose (13.7 g L-1 ) and galactose (7.7 g L-1 ). Maximum production of arabitol was observed at pH 6.0 (34.7 g L-1 ). In addition, arabitol production was high (35.7 g L-1 ) at temperature of 30 °C. Among the different concentrations of ammonium sulfate tested (3, 4.5, 6, 7.5, and 9 g L-1 ) concentration of 6 g L-1 resulted in higher arabitol Individual metal ions had no effect on arabitol production by this strain as compared to control. Results obtained in this study identify ways for improved arabitol production with natural isolates using microbial processes.

Effect of C-Terminal Protein Tags on Pentitol and l-Arabinose Transport by Ambrosiozyma monospora Lat1 and Lat2 Transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract: Functional expression in heterologous hosts is often less successful for integral membrane proteins than for soluble proteins Here, two Ambrosiozyma monospora transporters were successfully expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as tagged proteins Growth of A monospora on l-arabinose instead of glucose caused transport activities of l-arabinose, l-arabitol, and ribitol, measured using l-[1-(3)H]arabinose, l-[(14)C]arabitol, and [(14)C]ribitol of demonstrated purity A monospora LAT1 and LAT2 genes were cloned earlier by using their ability to improve the growth of genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae on l-arabinose However, the l-arabinose and pentitol transport activities of S cerevisiae carrying LAT1 or LAT2 are only slightly greater than those of control strains S cerevisiae carrying the LAT1 or LAT2 gene fused in frame to the genes for green fluorescent protein (GFP) or red fluorescent protein (mCherry) or adenylate kinase (AK) exhibited large (>3-fold for LAT1; >20-fold for LAT2) increases in transport activities Lat1-mCherry transported l-arabinose with high affinity (Km ≈ 003 mM) and l-arabitol and ribitol with very low affinity (Km ≥ 75 mM) The Lat2-GFP, Lat2-mCherry, and Lat2-AK fusion proteins could not transport l-arabinose but were high-affinity pentitol transporters (Kms ≈ 02 mM) The l-arabinose and pentitol transport activities of A monospora could not be completely explained by any combination of the observed properties of tagged Lat1 and Lat2, suggesting either that tagging and expression in a foreign membrane alters the transport kinetics of Lat1 and/or Lat2 or that A monospora contains at least one more l-arabinose transporter