Showing papers on "Arc welding published in 1968"

Analysis of thermal stresses and metal movement during welding

Abstract: Finite element computer programs were developed to determine thermal stresses and metal movement during butt welding of flat plates and bead-on-plate welding along the girth of a cylindrical shell. Circular cylindrical shells of 6061 aluminum alloy were used for the tests. Measurements were made of changes in temperature and thermal strains during the welding process.

Automatic arc welding electrode with an electrically conductive flux coating

Abstract: The invention consists of a continuous electric arc welding electrode of indefinite length consisting of a metal core and an outer coating which is electrically conductive so that the electrode can be energized by sliding it across conventional electrical contacts. The coating is comprised of: a mixture of an organic resin, which chars when heated to elevated temperatures; carbon or metal powders which conduct current through the resin; and, possibly other known fluxing ingredients. A thin outer metallic coating is often also used which conducts current from the contacts circumferentially and longitudinally to the electrically conductive coating.

Arc welding electrode arrangements

Abstract: A combination of arc welding equipment and electrodes for depositing cladding material on the surface of a workpiece. The combination generally includes a welding head which carries at least two adjacently spaced continuously replenished consumable electrodes of cladding materials into arc welding relationship with respect to the workpiece to deposit a weld bead of cladding material thereon. Arcing current to the electrode is maintained while arcs are moved with respect to and over the workpiece surface and cladding material from the electrodes deposited thereon. At least one of the electrodes is positioned in lagging relationship with respect to the next adjacent electrode and laterally thereof so it deposits cladding behind and laterally of the next adjacent electrode for forming a weld bead with a more desirable contour for later fusion with a subsequently deposited weld bead. The electrode which subsequently fuses a later deposited weld bead with a previously deposited weld bead is preferably oriented over the lagging edge of the previously deposited weld bead and acts as an anode with respect to the workpiece, whereas the lagging electrode acts as a cathode with respect to the workpiece.

Out-of-position automatic cored welding electrode

Abstract: Coredtype arc-welding steel electrode particularly intended for out-of-position welding wherein the ingredients in the core provide a pinch-effect type metal transfer at relatively low arc currents as well as a viscous slag which prevents the molten metal in the weld pool from being pulled out of the weld pool by the force of gravity. The ingredients making up the core provide a CaF2 metallic oxide slag system which provides a shielding action to the arc, plus as an essential ingredient(s), a compound of barium or strontium or both.

Electric arc-welding systems

Abstract: Different preselected combinations of the values of welding parameters in a consumable electrode arc-welding process are obtained when a selector switch is moved through its different positions The switch is inserted into the hub of the reel of electrode wire which is to be fed to the welding torch The reels are coded so that the switch is moved to a position which will select a combination of values appropriate for the wire carried by that reel

Electron-beam welding

Abstract: 1,152,224. Electron beam welding apparatus. VICKERS Ltd. 14 March, 1968 [15 May, 1967], No. 22507/67. Heading H1D. In electron beam welding apparatus with insulation 15 between the workpiece housing 1 and the whole of the gun structure including cathode assembly 5, anode 7, lens 8 and beam stop 9, a meter 11 is provided for measuring the welding current and connections 16 return intercepted electron current to the supply 10 without going through the meter. The aperture 4 of the housing is preferably circular with a radius not greater than one-tenth of the working distance D. With an accelerating voltage of 100-150 kV the radius of the aperture 4 may be 1 cm.

Method and apparatus for high speed welding of stainless steel tube

Abstract: APPARATUS FOR FORMING SEAM WELDED STAINLESS STEEL TUBE INCLUDING A SKELP FORMING MILL, DIES FOR FORMING THE SKELP INTO A TUBELIKE CONFIGURATION DEFINING A WELDING V BETWEEN ADVANCING EDGES OF THE SKELP, AN INDUCTION HEATER FOR PRODUCING CURRENT FLOW ALONG THE EDGES OF THE SKELP AND AROUND THE V TO HEAT PORTIONS OF THE SKELP DEFINING THE V, A NOZZLE DISPOSED ADJACENT THE V AND EFFECTIVE TO DIRECT AT A HIGH VELOCITY A MIXTURE OF INERT AND REDUCING GASSES ONTO THE V. AN INTERNALLY COOLED IMPEDER IS DISPOSED WITHIN THE SKELP ADJACENT THE V FOR RESTRICTING THE AREA OF THE CURRENT PATH TO MAXIMIZE THE HEATING EFFECT PRODUCED BY A GIVEN CURRENT FLOW.

Method of one-side arc welding and backing material therefor

Abstract: A method for welding steel plates and the like from one side, and a backing material therefor are provided which yields welds of exceptional quality, uniformity, and control. The weld backing material comprises a rigid channeled portion, containing an elastic mineral fiber composite in the channel, where the depth of the channel and the thickness of the fiber composite are determined by the following formula: WHERE D is the thickness of the composite, d is the depth of the channel, Rho c min. is the minimum compressed volumetric specific gravity of the composite, Rho i is the initial volumetric specific gravity of the composite, and m is the maximum misalignment of the plates to be welded. Welding is accomplished by compressing the backing material along the back of the joint to be welded and welding from the opposed side.

Arc welding supply

Abstract: This disclosure includes a dual polarity, multiple operator direct-current welding source including a single phase or a three-phase constant potential transformer having a primary winding and a pair of secondary windings. A separate full wave diode bridge rectifier is connected to each of the secondary windings. A double pole, double throw switch unit connects the rectifiers to three weld terminals for single polarity welding or dual polarity welding. The one pole is interconnected to the positive side of the one rectifier and selectively engages a first contact connected to the positive side of the second rectifier and to the positive weld terminals or a second contact connected to the common weld terminal. The second switch pole is connected to the negative side of the second rectifier and a first contact connected to the negative side of the first rectifier and to the negative weld terminal means or a second contact connected to the common weld terminal.

Feeding of wire in electrode welding processes

Abstract: 1,162,311. Welding by fusion. WELDING INSTITUTE. 5 Feb., 1968 [9 Feb., 1967], No. 6314/67. Heading B3R. In a wire feed device for feeding welding or filler wire 6 in consumable or non-consumable electrode arc welding processes respectively, variations in wire tension are substantially compensated, so that the wire is fed at a substantially constant rate, by the wire rising and falling in a wedge - shaped groove whereby the tractive effort applied to the wire varies corresponding to the fluctuations in tension, the groove being formed round the periphery of a rotatable body 10 of circular cross-section, the device further comprising one or more bodies 12 also of circular cross-section resiliently urged e.g. by compression spring 18, toward the body 10, a first guide means, e.g. a fixed pulley 14, having a peripheral groove, for aligning the wire with the groove at one end of an arc of the periphery, a second guide means 24 for leading the wire from between the bodies 10, 12 at the other end of the arc and means 20, e.g. a tension spring loaded pulley for tensioning the wire over the length of the arc. Wire is fed from a reel 16 having a friction hub 22 to the pulley 14, the peripheral groove of which is wedgeshaped and has a larger angle of acceptance, e.g. 90 degrees, than the groove in the body 10, the latter groove defining an angle of, e.g., 45 degrees. The bodies 12 have plain peripheral surfaces. Welding using a filler wire and microplasma torch is referred to.

Welding process for high-hardenability steel

Abstract: A PROCESS FOR TREATING A HIGH DUTY NOT READILY WELDABLE STEEL TO PROVIDE IT WITH A WELDABLE SURFACE. THE SURFACE IS FIRST BUTTERED WITH A WELDABLE COATING AND THEN THE BUTTERED LAYER IS HOT WORKED WHILE PLASTIC.

Welding monitor system using photocells

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting the presence or absence of an arc weld along a path of an article to be welded includes a plurality of photocells responsive to light from the arc to generate output signals. A detector circuit is actuated by the output signals to indicate a complete or incomplete weld of the article.

Electrode wire for welding and building-up steels

Abstract: An arc welding electrode comprises a ferrous, e.g., a low carbon steel, sheath enclosing powdered ingredients including CaCO3, CaF2, TiO2, Mn, Si and Na2CO3 which may be in such forms as marble, fluorspar, rutile, ferro-alloys and soda ash. The powder composition is by weight of the electrode .2 - 4%.CaCO3 .2 - 6%.CaF2 .3 - 7%.TiO2 .1 - 2.5%.Mn .0.5 - 2%.Si and possibly Fe in amounts of e.g., 15 or 21%. Alloying ingredients Al, Ti, Cr, Mo, W, V, Ni, C, B and Ta may be added to the powder and/or the sheath. The electrode may comprise inner and outer steel sheaths, the inner enclosing the powdered metal, the outer enclosing the CaCO3, CaF2 and TiO2 and the Na2 CO3 being enclosed in either sheath.

Method and apparatus for arc-welding

Abstract: A method and apparatus for arc-welding wherein the welding current delivered to the welding electrode is periodically caused to assume a plurality of essentially different amplitude values, the different amplitude values ensuring control of the formation, release and transport of drops of welding material.