Showing papers on "Architecture published in 1989"

Computer Architecture and Organization

Abstract: From the Publisher: Computer Architecture and Organization, 3rd edition, provides a comprehensive and up-to-date view of the architecture and internal organization of computers from a mainly hardware perspective. With a balanced treatment of qualitative and quantitative issues. Hayes focuses on the understanding of the basic principles while avoiding overemphasis on the arcane aspects of design. This approach best meets the needs of undergraduate or beginning graduate-level students.

Relationships between pre-rift structure and rift architecture in Lakes Tanganyika and Malawi, East Africa

Abstract: Continental rift systems are rips in plates caused by focusing of extensional stresses along some zone. In the same way that tensile cracks in the side of a brick building generally follow the mortar between bricks, rifts initially follow the weakest pathways in the pre-rift materials. There has even been a suggestion that the occurrence of rifts is controlled by pre-rift structure1–3, although many workers do not subscribe to such direct causality. The relationships between pre-rift structure and rifting tend to become progressively more obscure as the scale of examination decreases, mainly because unravelling these relationships requires more pre-cise information about the architecture of rifts, the nature of the pre-rift fabric and about the principal axes of stress than is generally available. Recent work by Project PROBE on the Tanganyika4–15 and Malawi Rift Zones12,16–22 permits crucial aspects of these inter-relationships to be examined in a more rigorous fashion than was previously possible. In this region, the rift system follows Proterozoic mobile belts and bifurcates around the Tanganyika craton, which apparently has acted as a resistant core (Fig. 1). Here we show that the fundamental architecture of the Tanganyika and Malawi Rift Zones (that is, the positioning of half-grabens, the way they link together, and the types and trends of linking structures) is strongly influenced by the nature of the pre-rift fabric and the orientation of the stress field.

The Anatomy of Architecture: Ontology and Metaphor in Batammaliba Architectural Expression.

Abstract: Illustrations Linguistic Note Preface and Acknowledgments Introduction Ch. 1: Imagines Mundi: Narrative, Ritual, and Architectural Exemplars of Cosmogony Ch. 2: Architectural Archetypes: Reflections on Housing in "Paradise" Ch. 3: House Temples: Architecture for the Gods Ch. 4: Houses Are Human: Architectural Self-images Ch. 5: At Home: The Complementarity of House, Family, and Tomb Ch. 6: The Power of Architecture: Politics, Protection, and Jurisprudence in House Design and Use Ch. 7: "The Dance of Drums": Notes on the Architecture and Staging of Funeral Performances Conclusions: Architectural Exegesis: On Building Ontology, Metaphor, and Multiplexity Notes Bibliography

Architectural Partitioning for System Level Design

Abstract: Architectural partitioning is introduced as a new phase in system level synthesis. Architectural partitioning extracts high level structure from the behavior of an architecture. This paper describes the APARTY architectural partitioner, an automatic Architectural PARTYtioner that supports synthesis in the System Architect's Workbench. APARTY uses a unique multi-stage clustering technique. Knowledge of the high level structure of an architecture aids synthesis tools in choosing a better design in terms of area. For one example, architectural partitioning reduced the number of wiring tracks in the final design by 20%.

Transformation, Nostalgia, and Illusion in Public Life and Public Place

Abstract: When this chapter was first requested, it surfaced a set of assumptions I then held about public life and public place. These assumptions probably came from my lifelong experience as a big-city dweller and intense city user, from being an architect, and from the teaching of architecture and urban design.

Montage and Architecture

Abstract: Frontispiece: Gianlorenzo Bernini, baldacchino, St. Peter's, Rome Discovered a few years ago by Naum Kleiman, the curator of the Eisenstein Museum in Moscow and editor of the director's writings, the text entitled (by whom?) \"Montage and Architecture\" was to be inserted in a book-length work entitled Montage, written between 1937 and 1940.1 One might suppose that it was written shortly after another long essay bearing a Spanish title, \"El Greco y el cine,\" for Eisenstein refers to it there.

Order and structure in urban design: the plans for therebuilding of London after the Great Fire of 1666

Abstract: Whenever we design, whether it be a building, an urban area, or an entire town, we tend to use order concepts to organize the plan: order, in the sense of principles based on some generally accepted notion of sameness, repetition, geometry, grid, rhythm, symmetry, harmony and the like. These concepts speak to us directly without mediation, and can be apprehended at once, almost as a gestalt. Because order concepts are formal, they appear logical, order concepts are one of the principal means by which we recognize the architectural imagination at work. There is a tendency to assume that order yields Structure in the experiential reality of the buildings and places we create through architectural means: structure, in the sense of making places intelligible through creating local differences which give both a sense of identity and a grasp of the relation between the parts and the whole, such that we are able reliably to inter the global form from any position within it. But order and structure are not the same thing at all. A plan or a bird's eye view represents buildings and places with a conceptual unity which cannot be duplicated on the ground because we do not experience architecture this way. Moving about a building or place fragments our experience. We learn to read structure over time. Hence, an apparently disorderly layout may turn out to be well-structured and intelligible to its users, whereas a highly-ordered architectural composition may in fact be unstructured when we experience it as a built form. However much we may appreciate order concepts when criticizing architecture on the drawing board, well-structured realities seem to be what matter most on the ground, not least by generating and controlling patterns of everyday use and movement. This view is argued here by looking at an historical example from urban design: the proposals for the redesign of the City of London after the Great Fire of 1666. If order concepts have any place in the architecture of the cities of the future, it is to confirm structure and not to disguise its absence.

The tradition of Indian architecture: continuity, controversy and change since 1850

Abstract: Notes the accountability of changing architectural technology in India under the influence of different regimes. Main technological innovation in context of architecture in India under British influence is described.

Hither hundreds of processors in a database machine

Abstract: In a recent paper titled “Wither Hundreds of Processors in a Database Machine?”, Agrawal and DeWitt demonstrated that, in order to exploit large numbers of processors in a database machine, the I/O bandwidth of the underlying storage devices must significantly be increased. One way to accomplish this is to use multiple parallel disk units. The main problem with this approach, however, is the lack of a computational model capable of utilizing any significant number of such devices. In this paper we discuss the implementation of a data-driven model (presented at last year’s workshop) on a simulated architecture. It will be shown that this model is capable of exploiting the potential I/O bandwidth of a large number of disk units as well as the computational power of the associated processors.

Pattern and process in the plantation archaeology of the lowcountry of Georgia and South Carolina

Abstract: Considerable archaeological research has been conducted on plantations in Georgia and South Carolina’s lowcountry since James Ford’s (1937) pioneering efforts in the 1930s. This work offers perhaps the most comprehensive body of data related to a particular cultural entity yet to be developed in historical archaeology and hence the opportunity to address problems in archaeological method and theory. This paper presents an interpretation of the problems and potential of artifact patterning (South 1977), as it applies to plantation archaeology. It is argued that patterning is determined by a number of factors, including excavation strategy and cultural processes, and that a more critical application of patterning is called for if the concept is to be successfully employed. The variation between the Georgia and Carolina Slave Artifact patterns is discussed in terms of architecture, ethnicity and status, and technological innovations, all of which are considered as potentially influencing the appearance of distinctive Georgia and Carolina slave patterns. Patterning is viewed as a useful organizational tool but one which requires a more critical application if its comparative research value is to be accurately assessed and positively employed.

The Humane City: Cities As If People Matter

Abstract: First year university (and polytechnic) students of urban geography, planning, architecture.

History of Italian architecture, 1944-1985

Abstract: A civil history, a political history, and a history of ideas are juxtaposed with a history of architecture in this indispensable reference work by one of today's most important historians and critics of architecture and urbanism. Manfredo Tafuri presents a sophisticated account of the origins and development of the movements and schools that have shaped Italian architecture and urban design since the Liberation.Tafuri takes into account the "father figures, " the importance of autobiography in architectural design, and the relevance of Italy's regional polarities. The work of the major protagonists - including Albini, Gardella, Samona, Ridolfi, Quaroni, the BPR, Scarpa, Rossi, Canella, Grassi, Gabetti and Isola - is set against the roles gradually assigned to the discipline, as well as against planning strategies and structural changes.Tafuri analyzes such recent tendencies in architecture and planning as concepts of place, context, modification, reweaving, the relationship between the invention and its surrounding conditions, and both typological and morphological continuity - used to address the needs created by the competition for economic and social resources in the major cities, including the regulatory programs of Florence and Bologna and the development projects for Rome, Milan, and Naples.Manfredo Tafuri is the Director of the Department of History of architecture at the Istituto Universitario di Architettura in Venice. He is the author of "The Sphere and the Labyrinth: Avant-Gardes" and "Architecture from Piranesi to the 1970s, Architectura and Utopia and coauthor with Giorgio Ciucci, Francesco Dal Co, and Mario Manieri-Elia of "The American City, all published by The MIT Press.

Design Strategies in Architecture

Abstract: Foreword. Prologue. Part One: Principles of analysis. The role of architecture. Aspects of form. The analysis of architecture. Part Two: Analytical studies. The village and city in history. Analytical studies of buildings. Science philosophy art and architecture.

The Comfortable House: North American Suburban Architecture 1890-1930

Abstract: Between 1890 and 1930, more houses were built in the United States than in all its previous history. The Comfortable House provides the first full treatment of this large body of domestic building. More than half of the book is devoted to classifying these houses into categories that can help guide preservationists, architectural historians and homeowners through the great profusion of "post Victorian" styles - Bungalow, Saltbox, Shingle, Tudor, Gothic, and the like.Aided by over 200 illustrations taken from contemporary catalogs of ready-cut houses, and photographs of actual houses, The Comfortable House classifies each style, notes its vintage, and documents its source.Alan Gowans is Professor of History of Art at the University of Victoria, British Columbia and he author of 15 previous books.

Social Integration and Architecture - 2

Abstract: Architectural remains delineate prehistoric communities, and architectural spaces and boundaries - the built environment - help to create the social order that maintains living communities. This chapter examines the role of architecture in the social integration of non-hierarchical societies. Group rituals are essential to that integration, and architecture provides both shelter and symbolic content for the rituals. Social groups are often united or divided by the construction and use of shared structures. In ethnographically known Pueblo societies architecture is closely tied to ritual and ritual societies, though many social groupings are not differentiated architecturally. Pueblo architecture thus discourages extreme social segmentation and contributes to social integration.