Architecture

About: Architecture is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 25849 publications have been published within this topic receiving 225266 citations.

Lived-in architecture: Le Corbusier's Pessac revisited

Abstract: In the mid-1920s, at Pessac near Bordeaux, Le Corbusier built his first large-scale project, the Quartiers Modernes Fruges, which consisted of some 70 housing units. Acting simultaneously as architect and town planner, and taking account of the prevailing social and economic factors, he wished to provide people with low-cost, predetermined, homogeneous cubist structures -- "machines to live in" or empty containers that their presence alone would activate and fulfill.This book describes what happened as people moved in and proceeded to live their lives over, around, and against the architecture and the architect's designs for their behavior. It reviews the history of the project, describes reactions to it in the contemporary press ("Fascist," "Bolshevist"), and examines Le Corbusier's own conception of the project as revealed in various writings. A group discussion with several architects and a sociologist, and informal interview with Pessac residents discussing the parts of the house and the house as entity, their views of the project, and spatial and social relations in the district complete this historic account.

Privacy at home: Analysis of behavioral patterns in the spatial configuration of traditional and modern houses in the city of Hamedan based on the notion of space syntax

Abstract: The Iranian concept of home goes far beyond physical aspects, and its essence is interwoven with the spiritual nature of humankind. This concept has gained new meanings with the modernization and industrialization of societies. In Iranian architecture, every need is realized in socio-physical systems as well as in design issues. Therefore, spatial relationships are central to architecture, especially residential architecture that addresses a great proportion of an individual׳s daily life. Space syntax seeks to explain how spatial configurations express social or cultural meanings. One such meaning is confidentiality, which was mainly introduced into Iranian architecture as a result of religious beliefs. In Iranian architecture, confidentiality is viewed from the aspect of privacy. This study is a case study that makes use of description, analysis, and logical reasoning. The objective is to analyze behavioral patterns in the spatial configurations of traditional and modern houses in Hamedan. In so doing, library research, software simulation with the UCL Depthmap package, and comparison techniques are utilized. The findings indicate that the spatial configurations of houses have changed in the course of time. In terms of the indices of spatial configurations, however, the striking difference between traditional and modern houses in Hamedan revolves around the integration and equivalence of all spaces in a house. In other words, the hierarchy of access to spaces and the recognition of territories are limited in modern houses. Hence, privacy in modern houses fades.

Security policy applied to common data security architecture

Abstract: An improved architecture is provided, based upon the prior art common data security architecture, with the modification of adding in a generic trust policy library (217) at an add-in security modules layer (215) and a policy interpreter (224) at a common security services manager layer (202), so that individual users may provide sets of trust policies in the form of a trust policy description file (223), which uses a generic policy description language provided by the architecture. The architecture provides a generic method of incorporating trust policies into a computing platform in a manner which avoids a prior art problem of the semantics of trust policies which are hard-coded in prior art trust policy modules (117). The architecture also improves management flexibility. In the present disclosure, a generic policy description language is provided, which enables different users to define the semantics of a plurality of trust policies.