Showing papers on "Arduino published in 2019"

IOT Based Health Monitoring System

Abstract: Among many applications enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT), smart and connected health care is a particularly important one. Networked sensors, either worn on the body or embedded in our living environments, make possible the gathering of rich information indicative of our physical and mental health. Captured on a continual basis, aggregated, and effectively mined, such information can bring about a positive transformative change in the health care landscape. In particular, the availability of data until now coupled with a new generation of intelligent processing algorithms can: (a) facilitate an evolution in the practice of medicine, from the current post facto diagnose-and treat reactive paradigm, to a proactive framework for prognosis of diseases at an incipient stage, coupled with prevention, cure, and overall management of health instead of disease, (b) enable personalization of treatment and management options targeted particularly to the specific circumstances and needs of the individual, and (c) help reduce the cost of health care while simultaneously improving outcomes. In this paper, we highlight the opportunities and challenges for IOT in realizing this vision of the future of health care.

Analysing Noisy Driver Physiology Real-Time Using Off-the-Shelf Sensors: Heart Rate Analysis Software from the Taking the Fast Lane Project

Abstract: This paper describes the functioning and development of HeartPy: a heart rate analysis toolkit designed for photoplethysmogram (PPG) data. Most openly available algorithms focus on electrocardiogram (ECG) data, which has very different signal properties and morphology, creating a problem with analysis. ECG-based algorithms generally don’t function well on PPG data, especially noisy PPG data collected in experimental studies. To counter this, we developed HeartPy to be a noise-resistant algorithm that handles PPG data well. It has been implemented in Python and C. Arduino IDE sketches for popular boards (Arduino, Teensy) are available to enable data collection as well. This provides both pc-based and wearable implementations of the software, which allows rapid reuse by researchers looking for a validated heart rate analysis toolkit for use in human factors studies. Funding statement: Part of the software has been developed within the “Taking the Fast Lane” project, funded by NWO TTW1, project number 13771.

IoT Application for Real-Time Monitoring of Solar Home Systems Based on Arduino™ With 3G Connectivity

Abstract: A novel datalogger based on free software and hardware has been designed, built, programmed, and installed as an experimental prototype in multiple sites. Remote monitoring extends the effectiveness of the datalogger in the areas deprived of electrical grid and traditional wired telecommunication networks. The integration of Internet of Things in solar measurement systems allows the remote monitoring of small stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) systems, enhancing the performance and the maintenance of the system. The datalogger measures electric and climatic parameters (up to 14 parameters, expandable) with the required accuracy established by the IEC61724 standard; to include 3G technology in it allowed the stand-alone PV systems system monitoring remotely via web or via mobile application, all at low cost. An outdoor campaign of over 12 months under the harsh environmental conditions at multiple locations was performed to test the new datalogger under real and different conditions demonstrating the robustness and the reliability of the system.

Hardware implementation of the fuzzy logic MPPT in an Arduino card using a Simulink support package for PV application

Abstract: The work presented in this study aims to develop an intelligent algorithm, based on fuzzy logic, to track the maximum power point (MPP) of a photovoltaic (PV) panel. Modelling and simulation steps of the PV panel are made by using the MATLAB/Simulink environment, before passing to the description of fuzzy logic MPP tracking (MPPT) algorithm. On an Arduino Mega 2560 controller board, a real-time implementation of the MPPT algorithm by using Simulink Support Package for Arduino Hardware in MATLAB/Simulink was conducted to experimentally validate the preliminary results of simulations. The proposed work outlines also the solution to modify pulse-width modulation frequency of Arduino when it is used with Simulink.

Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based Smart Home Security System

Abstract: The Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a vision for an internetwork of intelligent, communicating objects such as home appliances, vehicles, factory machines, wearable devices and various types of sensors. The convergence of technologies like ubiquitous wireless communications, machine learning, real-time analytics and embedded systems has made novel IoT applications possible in a multitude of domains. A combination of commercial interests and government initiatives have made smart homes, smart healthcare, smart cities, and smart transport primary areas of focus for IoT application development.

ArduTalk: An Arduino Network Application Development Platform Based on IoTtalk

Abstract: Several tools provide popular solutions for creating innovative Internet of Things (IoT) applications on single Arduino board. However, interactions among multiple Arduino boards need significant effort to be established. This paper proposes Arduino-IoTtalk (ArduTalk), a graphical user interface (GUI)-based platform aims to develop IoT network applications for interaction among multiple Arduino boards. ArduTalk utilizes IoTtalk, an IoT device management platform for quickly establishing connections and meaningful interactions between IoT devices without concerning the lower layer communication protocols. In this paper, the IoTtalk GUI has been significantly enhanced for ArduTalk. By integrating Arduino with the enhanced IoTtalk, ArduTalk allows a user to arbitrarily link and relink sensors to actuators without or with little programming effort, and quickly generate Arduino applications for different purposes. We conduct measurements to investigate the time complexity for data delivery among multiple Arduino boards, and propose a damping mechanism to address the fairness issue caused by the discrepancies between local and remote delays among the Arduino boards.

An Arduino-based RFID Platform for Animal Research

Abstract: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been broadly applied in the biological sciences to yield new insights into behavior, cognition, population biology, and distributions. RFID systems entail wireless communication between small tags that, when stimulated by an appropriate radio frequency transmission, emit a weak, short-range wireless signal that conveys a unique ID number. These tags, which often operate without a battery, can be attached to animals such that their presence at a particular location can be detected by an RFID reader. This paper describes an RFID data-logging system that can serve as the core for a wide variety of field and laboratory applications for monitoring the activities of individual animals. The core electronics are modeled on an Arduino circuit board, which is a hobbyist electronics system. Users can customize the hardware and software to accommodate their needs. We demonstrate the utility of the system with cursory descriptions of three real-world research applications. The first is a large-scale deployment that was used to examine individual breeding behaviors across four local populations of Wood Ducks. The second application employed an array of RFID-enabled bird feeders that allowed for tests of spatial cognition. Third, we describe a nest-box monitoring system that both records visits from breeding birds and administers experimental treatments, such as increasing temperature or playing audio recordings, in accordance to the presence/absence of individual birds. With these examples we do not attempt to relate details with regard to research findings; rather our intent is to demonstrate some of the possibilities enabled by our low-cost RFID system. Detailed descriptions, design files, and code are made available by means of the Open Science Framework.

Arduino Based Smart Energy Meter using GSM

Abstract: India faces the issue of energy theft at a very large scale. This paper introduces a system that removes human intervention in meter readings and bill generation thereby reducing the error that usually causes chaos and energy related corruption. The proposed system is implemented using a GSM shield module on microcontroller (Arduino®) together with LDR sensor and relay. Existing metering system can be minutely modified to implement the proposed meter. The proposed scheme is to connect an LDR sensor with the blinking LED and send the data to microcontroller via GSM shield. RTC provides delay and acts an interrupt. The system includes a provision of sending an SMS to user for update on energy consumption along with final bill generation along with the freedom of load re-configuration via SMS. The disconnection of power supply on demand or due to pending dues was implemented using a relay. Hardware implementation results suggest that the accuracy of the proposed system is slightly greater than that of existing smart meters. The cost of system has been estimated to be less than the available smart meters, offering the same functionality. Bilateral communication between user and system sets it apart from the commonly available smart meters

Arduino Based Voice Controlled Robot

Abstract: In this research paper, a system is being proposed, which focuses on the concept of how a robot can be controlled by the human voice. Voice control robot is just a practical example of controlling motions of a simple robot by giving daily used voice commands. In this system, an android app is used as a medium for the transmission of human commands to microcontroller. A controller can be interfaced with the Bluetooth module through the UART protocol. The speech is received by the android app and processed by the voice module. Voice is then converted to text. [1] The microcontroller will further process this text, which will take suitable action to regulate the robot. The objective is to design a robotic car whose basic movements such as moving forward, turning to left or right can be controlled by the human voice. The Hardware Development board used here is the ATmega Arduino board. The software part is done in Arduino IDE using Embedded C. Hardware is implemented, and software porting is done. Generally, recognition of human voice using some kind of module cost way too much. After performing an ample amount of studies on controlling robots, we came to the conclusion that yes, there exists a simple and very efficient way to manipulate robots through our voice. This is an ergonomic approach for the ease of robotic application. Such types of robots will provide great helping hands while performing multiple tasks. The result of our studies also shows that there still exists plenty of space for further research and development. [2]

The Implementation of Internet of Things Using Test Bed in The UKMnet Environment

Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most important components for the 4.0 industrial revolution. In order to implement IoT within an organization or environment, it requires deep research to ensure that will works properly. Among today's problems of computing is the need for high power consumption and considerable space and equipment usage. Therefore, a small-sized technology and requires only low power to operate is necessary. A study has been conducted to study the implementation of Internet of Things within the UKM network environment known as UKMNet. In order to make this research more realistic, a test bed is developed using an Arduino Uno board as the IoT Hardware. Then a scenario is created by connecting this Arduino Uno board to four sensors to measure temperature, current and voltage. After that, the reading value will be sent to the Arduino Uno board to calculate the amount of power used in watts so that these values are stored to the database server. To test the performance of the connection between the Arduino board and the server, the iPerf software is use. The metrics on performance tests are data rates, jitter and loss of data packets. As a result of this study, we found that Arduino Uno is suitable for use as the IoT hardware for this scenario. Performance tests for Arduino board that are connected to UKMNet meet the requirements for the implementation of IoT where the data transmission rate is between 3.483 Mbps up to 3.563 Mbps. The jitter value for this connection is also lower than 1.80 milliseconds to 1.85 milliseconds while the packet loss rate recorded is 0% to 0.59% for 10 seconds of data transmission. In conclusion, IoT by using Arduino Uno as an IoT hardware is suitable to implement in the UKMNet environment.

Implementation of an Arduino Remote Laboratory with Raspberry Pi

Abstract: Popularity of Arduino has grown in the last years, mainly as part of the Internet of Things, which is producing a relevant impact in several economic sectors (industry, transportations, energy, agriculture, home automation, etc.). Several national and European policies have been set-up to train the EU companies to the adoption and diffusion of the IoT technologies. In this paper, we describe the development of a remote lab of Arduino to give support to on-line IoT learning experimentation environments, which are very important to provide quality on-line education programs on IoT.

Open-source Arduino-compatible data loggers designed for field research

Abstract: . Automated electronic data loggers revolutionized environmental monitoring by enabling reliable high-frequency measurements. However, the potential to monitor the complex environmental interactions involved in global change has not been fully realized due to the high cost and lack of modularity of commercially available data loggers. Responding to this need, we developed the ALog (Arduino logger) series of three open-source data loggers, based on the popular and easy-to-program Arduino microcontroller platform. ALog data loggers are low cost, lightweight, and low power; they function between −30 and +60 ∘ C, can be powered by readily available alkaline batteries, and can store up to 32 GB of data locally. They are compatible with standard environmental sensors, and the ALog firmware library may be expanded to add additional sensor support. The ALog has measured parameters linked to weather, streamflow, and glacier melt during deployments of days to years at field sites in the USA, Canada, Argentina, and Ecuador. The result of this work is a robust and field-tested open-source data logger that is the direct descendant of dozens of individuals' contributions to the growing open-source electronics movement.

Iot-based intelligent irrigation management and monitoring system using arduino

Abstract: Plants, flowers and crops are living things around us that makes our earth more productive and beautiful. In order to growth healthy, they need water, light and nutrition from the soil in order to effect cleaning air naturally and produce oxygen to the world. Therefore, a technology that manage to brilliantly control plants watering rate according to its soil moisture and user requirement is proposed in this paper. The developed system included an Internet of Things (IoT) in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) environment where it manages and monitors the irrigation system either manually or automatically, depending on the user requirement. This proposed system applied Arduino technology and NRF24L01 as the microprocessor and transceiver for the communication channel, respectively. Smart agriculture and smart lifestyle can be developed by implementing this technology for the future work. It will save the budget for hiring employees and prevent from water wastage in daily necessities.

WARDuino: a dynamic WebAssembly virtual machine for programming microcontrollers

Abstract: It is extremely hard and time-consuming to make correct and efficient programs for microcontrollers. Usually microcontrollers are programmed in a low level programming language such as C which makes them hard to debug and maintain. To raise the abstraction level, many high level programming languages have provided support for programming microcontrollers. Examples include Python, Lua, C# and JavaScript. Using these languages has the downside that they are orders of magnitude slower than the low-level languages. Moreover, they often provide no remote debugging support. In this paper we investigate the feasibility of using WebAssembly to program Arduino compatible microcontrollers. Our experiments lead to extending the standard WebAssembly VM with: 1) safe live code updates for functions and data 2) remote debugging support at the VM level 3) programmer configurable (Arduino) modules in order to keep the virtual machine’s footprint as small as possible. The resulting WARDuino VM enables the programmer to have better performance than an interpreted approach while simultaneously increasing the ease of development. To evaluate our approach, we implemented a simple breakout game and conducted micro benchmarks which show that the VM runs approximately 5 times faster than Espruino, a popular JavaScript interpreter for the ESP32 microcontroller.

An ultra-low cost line follower robot as educational tool for teaching programming and circuit's foundations

Abstract: Correspondence Edgar Serrano Pérez, UNITEC MÉXICO Campus Atizapán, Universidad Tecnológica de México, Boulevard Calacoaya 7, Capistrano, Cd. Adolfo López Mateos, Estado de México, México, 52970. Email: edgar_serrano@my.unitec.edu.mx Abstract In this paper, an ultra low-cost line following robot is presented.The robot is developed through the integration of free educational software and low cost electronics and mechanical devices with the aim of been used as a teaching and learning tool to increase the students confidence/performance and interest in engineering areas. The cost for building this robot-based educational tool and its related activities is less than 25 USD. Students were encouraged for building its own unique designs using cardboard and open-source software and hardware. The activities promoted the increase in knowledge and developed student's technical skills such as the use of electronic circuits and sensors, three dimension designs, learning to programming animations and microcontrollers, building self-made structural and mechanical elements using cardboard and the use of the Bluetooth protocol to achieve the interconnection of devices through the use of an Android based Smartphone. The activities have been developed to allow students to apply and test their own ideas and concepts for solving problems through the computational thinking process and finding digital solutions through programming microcontrollers, all of them in the frame of the maker movement and the inclusion of the arts in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education. The results of confidence/ performance and interest evaluation tests allowed to identify the main areas of gain knowledge and the increasing interest in the engineering fields presented in this work.

IoT based Temperature and Humidity Controlling using Arduino and Raspberry Pi

Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) plays a pivotal part in our mundane daily life by controlling electronic devices using networks. The controlling is done by minutely observing the important parameters which generate vital pieces of information concerning the functioning of these electronic devices. Simultaneously, this information will transmit these vital statistics from the transmitting device as well as save the same on the cloud to access by the applications and supplementary procedures to use them. This scrutiny associates the outcomes of the environmental observances like the humidity and temperature measurements using sensors. The gathered information could be profitably used to produce actions like distantly dominant cooling, heating devices, or long term statistics, which will be useful to control the same. The detected data are uploaded to the cloud storage through network and associate using android application. The system employs Arduino UNO with Raspberry Pi, HTU 211D sensor device, and an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. The experimental results show the live temperature and humidity of the surroundings and the soil moisture of any plant using Arduino UNO with Raspberry Pi. Raspberry Pi is mainly used here for checking the temperature and humidity through the HTU 211D sensor element. The sensors are used for measuring the temperatures from the surroundings, storing displayed information with different devices. Here, the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module has been used for data storing purpose.

An Experimental Comparison of Arduino IDE Compatible Platforms for Digital Control and Data Acquisition Applications

Abstract: This work studied different digital embedded platforms which can be programmed using Arduino IDE software and which can be used for digital control and data acquisition applications. Specifically three kind of Arduino Board (Arduino UNO, Arduino Mega y Arduino Due) and two ESP based board (ESP8622 and ESP32) are evaluated and compared. The comparison is based on the execution time of mathematical operations and a function required for data acquisition or digital control and includes (i) digital ports writing, (ii) analog signal acquisition, (iii) execution of mathematic operation in integer and float format, and (iv) the execution of the data processing code. The execution time is measured by using a methodology which is simple to implement for any other digital device. Because of each platform uses its own Arduino DUE library to generate the assembly code for its own microcontroller, the instructions adopted for both generating the actions to measure and generating the testing signals are written using Arduino IDE commands and using instructions that any entry-level user may adopt. In conclusion, from the experimental results it is observed the high difference in the execution time of the different platforms, especially between ESPx boards and Arduino boards.

Scratch and Arduino for Effectively Developing Programming and Computing-Electronic Competences in Primary School Children

Abstract: Programming and designing computing-electronic solutions imply complex competences, which usually demand to restructure previous thinking and problem-solving knowledge. Both programming and computing-electronic design solutions ask for step-by-step thinking, and also being cautious regarding involved hardware items for the second one. Designing computing-electronic solutions is a non-trivial task since it unifies both worlds, even though platforms such as Arduino notably simplify that development. This article describes experiences of programming and computing-electronic teaching to a group of primary school children in Valparaiso-Chile by the use of Scratch and Tinkercad for the goal of developing programming and Arduino-based computing-electronic competences in school children. The obtained results demonstrate that children can effectively develop programming and computing-electronic theoretical and practical skills. These results also show that students can get abilities and enthusiasm to know more advanced skills and applications concerning sensing systems. Thus, programming and electronics can motivate the learning process in children. (Abstract)

Implementation of Incremental Conductance Based MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic System

Abstract: This paper deals with the hardware implementation of incremental conductance (IncCond) algorithm based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for a photovoltaic (PV) system using Arduino board. The considered system consists of a DC-DC Boost converter, a PV panel and a resistive load. Firstly, simulation tests using Matlab/Siumilink are provided and then experimental validation is conduced based on an Arduino uno and spatial Simulink package known as "support package for Arduino hardware". The simulation and experimental tests show the satisfied results of IncCond algorithm in terms of extraction of the maximum power point(MPP) form PV panel.

Juniper: A Functional Reactive Programming Language for the Arduino

Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of Juniper: a functional reactive programming language (FRP) targeting the Arduino and related microcontroller systems. Juniper provides a number of high level features, including parametric polymorphic functions, anonymous functions, automatic memory management, and immutable data structures. Also included is a standard library which offers many useful FRP signal processing functions. Juniper is translated to standard C++ and compiled with the existing Arduino development tools, allowing Juniper programs to fit on resource-constrained devices, and enabling seamless interoperability with existing C++ libraries for these devices.

Sensor Ultrasonik HCSR04 Berbasis Arduino Due Untuk Sistem Monitoring Ketinggian

Abstract: At present the development of the digitalization world is growing. In length measurements generally can only be measured through manual measurement that measures the device that wants to know its length. However, now the world of digitalization is able to make measurements without touching the device to be measured. One of them is by utilizing sound wave sources or commonly referred to as ultrasonic waves. The purpose of this study was to prototype Arduino Due microcontroller digital distance measuring devices using HC-SR04 sensor. The research method used is literature study and direct observation. Measurement results are displayed in a computer device to facilitate reading. This design is controlled through Arduino Due. The prototype testing results of the tool can run well and can be accessed in real time.

Development of 12 Channel Temperature Acquisition System for Heat Exchanger Using MAX6675 and Arduino Interface

Abstract: A multichannel temperature acquisition system performs a significant role in analyzing the performance of heat exchange equipment used widely in chemical process industry, refrigeration, and air conditioning, etc. Commercial stand-alone data loggers are available for temperature measurement but are not tethered to a computer to acquire real-time data. However, these data loggers are expensive and are mostly inflexible for adapting in academic research projects. To overcome these limitations, we describe in-house design, development, calibration, and implementation of a 12-channel temperature acquisition system using MAX6675 and Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller. A low-cost Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller is used here along with MAX6675 module which offers cold-junction compensation and digitization of temperature signal. Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is used as back-end software for programming and is integrated with MS Excel to store and display the acquired data. The acquisition system receives the data and processes it to further transmit to display or via an Ethernet driver to devices connected in local area network or connected through Wi-Fi. The developed system is calibrated with existing system and was found to have an accuracy of 99.8%. This system is implemented on heat exchanger device for enhancing convective heat transfer rate by incorporating the inserts inside heat exchanger tubes and determining temperatures at various locations.

A Wheelchair Control System Using Human-Machine Interaction: Single-Modal and Multimodal Approaches

Abstract: Recent research studies showed that brain-controlled systems/devices are breakthrough technology. Such devices can provide disabled people with the power to control the movement of the wheelchair using different signals (e.g. EEG signals, head movements, and facial expressions). With this technology, disabled people can remotely steer a wheelchair, a computer, or a tablet. This paper introduces a simple, low-cost human-machine interface system to help chaired people to control their wheelchair using several control sources. To achieve this paper’s aim, a laptop was installed on a wheelchair in front of the sitting person, and the 14-electrode Emotiv EPOC headset was used to collect the person’s head impressions from the skull surface. The superficially picked-up signals, containing the brain thoughts, head gestures, and facial emotions, were electrically encoded and then wirelessly sent to a personal computer to be interpreted and then translated into useful control instructions. Using these signals, two wheelchair control modes were proposed: automatic (using single-modal and multimodal approaches) and manual control. The automatic mode controller was accomplished using a software controller (Arduino), whereas a simple hardware controller was used for the manual mode. The proposed solution was designed using wheelchair, Emotiv EPOC EEG headset, Arduino microcontroller, and Processing language. It was then tested by totally chaired volunteers under different levels of trajectories. The results showed that the person’s thoughts can be used to seamlessly control his/her wheelchair and the proposed system can be configured to suit many levels and degrees of disability.

Teaching programming using dedicated Arduino Educational Board

Abstract: This paper presents a new approach to teaching programming to undergraduate computer science students. A dedicated Arduino board along with custom application programming interface (API) was introduced into programming classes with a view to strengthen students’ engagement and improving the attractiveness of the course. The students were presented with basic functionalities of the board, which gave them a possibility to accomplish their own projects—typically video games—without any background in electronics. The level of engagement of the participants was observed by the tutors during classes and also reviewed based on questionnaires filled by 347 first‐, second‐, and third‐year undergraduates. The results indicated that the proposed approach was well received by nearly 80%, while nearly 75% of the participants expressed a wish to continue their Computer Science education using Arduino.

Hardware design and software development of a motion control and driving system for transradial prosthesis based on a wireless myoelectric armband

Abstract: This research work presents the design of the electronics modules of Adam's Hand, a transradial myoelectric prosthesis based on an innovative mechanism which can actuate five three-phalanges fingers (15 degrees of freedom) with just one motor, instead of the five/six motors conventionally used in other prosthetic devices; moreover, the prosthesis uses two servomotors to actuate the wrist movements. Adam's Hand fingertips are provided with temperature and pressure sensors, while the user myoelectric signals are acquired wirelessly by means of the Myo armband, a wearable device provided with eight electromyography electrodes, a nine-axis inertial measurement unit, and a transmission module. These data are received through an HM-11 BLE module, connected to Adam's Hand custom PCB, which features an Arduino Micro board. This board processes all the data and drives the actuators by means of properly chosen drivers. A Raspberry Pi 3 board manages a touchscreen display - which can be used to visualise the gathered data - and sends them to a dedicate cloud platform, so that the orthopaedic technicians who take care of Adam's Hand users can monitor them in real time, thus improving their recovery during the rehabilitation period.