Showing papers on "Arduino published in 2022"

Smart Assistive System for Visually Impaired People Obstruction Avoidance through Object Detection and Classification

Abstract: Recent progress in innovation is making the life prosper, simpler and easier for common individual. The World Health Organization (WHO) statistics indicate that a large amount of people experience visual losses, because of which they encounter many difficulties in everyday jobs. Hence, our goal is to structure a modest, secure, wearable, and versatile framework for visually impaired to help them in their daily routines. The proposed methodology utilizes Raspberry-Pi 4B, Camera, Ultrasonic Sensor and Arduino, mounted on the stick of the individual. We take pictures of the scene and afterwards pre-process these pictures with the help of Viola Jones and TensorFlow Object Detection algorithm. The said techniques are used to detect objects. We also used an ultrasonic sensor mounted on a servomotor to measure the distance between the blind person and obstacles. The presented research utilizes simple calculations for its execution, and detects the obstructions with a notably high efficiency. When contrasted with different frameworks, this framework is a minimal effort, convenient, and simple to wear.

Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerator from Waste Materials for Autonomous Information Transmission via Morse Code

Abstract: Electronic waste produced by plastic, toxic, and semiconducting components of existing electronic devices is dramatically increasing environmental pollution. To overcome these issues, the use of eco-friendly materials for designing such devices is attaining much attention. This current work presents a recycled material-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) made of plastic waste and carbon-coated paper wipes (C@PWs), in which the PWs are also collected from a waste bin. The resultant C@PW-based TENG is then used for powering low-power electronic devices and, later, to generate a Morse code from a wearable for autonomous communication. In this application, the end users decode the Morse code from a customized LabVIEW program and read the transmitted signal. With further redesigning, a 9-segment keyboard is developed using nine-TENGs, connected to an Arduino controller to display the 9-segment actuation on a computer screen. Based on the above analysis, our C@PW-TENG device is expected to have an impact on future self-powered sensors and internet of things systems.

Robotic Bomb Detection and Disposal: Application using Arduino

Abstract: Numerous news stories about wounded trained persons or military personnel who lost their life defusing explosives emerge every day in publications worldwide. As well as safeguarding the bomb disposal crew from harm, a robotic arm is used to securely detect and dispose of a device located within a 100-meter radius of the robot. Through the use of a computer and a mouse, the user may manually operate the produced robot. The buzzer goes off when the sensor detects metal. Using a wireless camera, the metal is examined to see whether it is a bomb or not. It is possible to remotely control the robot and detonate the bomb if it has been found. Many components play a vital role in the overall design of the robot. To simulate the first setup, Proteus software is utilized, and then a personal computer is used to handle the whole hardware configuration.

IoT based Multiple Vital Health Parameter Detection and Analyzer System

Abstract: The health care checking system is one of the most crucial systems that became high-tech over history. In the contemporary world, it is very challenging to carry patients to hospitals for a regular checkup. People are facing an issue of sudden demise because of different types of diseases or viruses and also due to the absence of required treatment to the suffered victims on time. It is very difficult for the patients to stand in a queue for taking treatment. S o, this research intends to develop a novel framework to detect the patient’s health parameters like temperature, oxygen levels in the blood, and pulse rate. We are developing this framework based on the IOT and things peak database. This proposed system provides a piece of information about the mental and emotional conditions of a victim. We are using Arduino and programmed with software (Arduino IDE). In this proposed work we are detecting the patient health parameters with their respective sensors. If any abnormal parameters are detected automatically LED will turn on indicating caution and also a SMS is sent to the victim’s relatives or doctor by the GSM module. And also, the observed parameters are graphically seen in the things peak database. All the collected information regarding health is stored in the database. Thus, the proposed work based on the Internet of Things effectively monitors the patient health parameter status every second to second and saves the life of a patient by taking suitable steps when their health parameters are in an abnormal condition.

Cough Detection System using TinyML

Abstract: In this research paper, a system for the detection of cough is made with Edge Impulse Studio and Arduino 33 BLE Sense. It is able to distinguish between actual cough and a general undesired signal in the background. Edge Impulse Studio has been utilized in this article for training a large dataset of the various samples for cough as well as undesired noise. A highly efficient & machine learning based TinyML model is designed for determining the resonance of Cough on instantaneous basis. The proposed system has been found to achieve almost 97% accuracy of recognition.

Design of a Novel IoT Framework for Home Automation using Google Assistant

Abstract: It is now possible to build a Home Automation System (HAS) using sophisticated computing devices, wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and Internet of Things (IoT)-based Smart Banks to automate your home. Home Automation can also make use of Gesture Detection and Controls. It is the primary objective of this article to build a house. Electronic home gadgets like TVs, fans, and lights can all be controlled using the internet, and at a very low cost. So, the objective is to assemble ARDUINO board and Bluetooth are used to create a home automation system that can be controlled from an Android smartphone.

IOT Sensor-Based Smart Agriculture Using Agro-robot

Abstract: AbstractThe current investigation and research innovation of agro-robot is to define the technical work in the form of project and prototype which illustrates robots are capable and useable in the field of farming and work to solve the challengers of agriculture workings by using robotics. The work is developed by integrating sensors based on various types such as moisture detector module, temperature sensor, motor controllers, LCD, wireless communication modules, ultrasonic sensor, and motors with microcontroller board like Arduino; ATmega328 is more versatile in handling more functions than any other conventional microcontroller. The moisture sensor is used to detect actual moisture of soil in farming sectors same respectively other sensors used with mixing signals to provide expected output which will require to execute tasks and solve them using Agrobot. The use of robots in agriculture has reduced operating costs and response times in agriculture.KeywordsArduinoFarming robotLCDATmegaAgriculture innovationsPPM (parts per million)Farming technology

Automatic Temperature Detection and Sanitization with Authorized Entry using Face Mask Detection

Abstract: To contain the chain of Covid-19, taking on the role of Engineering Ambassador of humanity in these dire conditions, this paper develops an electronic equipment referred holistically as “Covid Tunnel” or “Disinfectant Tunnel”. The general thesis from which the whole work has evolved is to make use of temperature control and automation by programming to try to pin the potential host of virus in possible hotspots viz., hospitals, administrative complexes, strategic junctions, etc. The first and foremost import of this benevolent project is the application of Automatic Temperature Control. Arduino Nano Temperature Control is employed for checking the temperature of each entrant at the entrance gate. For instance, if a person entering happens to have a body temperature above 38C, the buzzer goes on indicating a red flag for the entry. The second and equally important process is filtering based on the face mask. Now, a webcam attached right after, which is program-based on Python, Open CV, Tensor Flow etc. provides the necessary input and the program searches for the face mask. If the entrant is unmasked, a voice in Urdu commands for wearing of the face mask. While a masked person enters, the automated sanitizer pops out for sanitizing as a precautionary measure. The sanitizer itself is automated by a DC motor which in turn is driven by MOSFET integrated circuit. Thusly, this paper tries to kick in with the Electronics and Information Technology and helps arrest the spread of the virus in the community, anticipating a Coronavirus-free world.

Wearable Device for Observation of Physical Activity with the Purpose of Patient Monitoring Due to COVID-19

Abstract: In late 2019, a new genre of coronavirus (COVID-19) was first identified in humans in Wuhan, China. In addition to this, COVID-19 spreads through droplets, so quarantine is necessary to halt the spread and to recover physically. This modern urgency creates a critical challenge for the latest technologies to detect and monitor potential patients of this new disease. In this vein, the Internet of Things (IoT) contributes to solving such problems. This paper proposed a wearable device that utilizes real-time monitoring to detect body temperature and ambient conditions. Moreover, the system automatically alerts the concerned person using this device. The alert is transmitted when the body exceeds the allowed temperature threshold. To achieve this, we developed an algorithm that detects physical exercise named “Continuous Displacement Algorithm” based on an accelerometer to see whether a potential temperature rise can be attributed to physical activity. The people responsible for the person in quarantine can then connect via nRF Connect or a similar central application to acquire an accurate picture of the person’s condition. This experiment included an Arduino Nano BLE 33 Sense which contains several other sensors like a 9-axis IMU, several types of temperature, and ambient and other sensors equipped. This device successfully managed to measure wrist temperature at all states, ranging from 32 °C initially to 39 °C, providing better battery autonomy than other similar devices, lasting over 12 h, with fast charging capabilities (500 mA), and utilizing the BLE 5.0 protocol for data wireless data transmission and low power consumption. Furthermore, a 1D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was employed to classify whether the user is feverish while considering the physical activity status. The results obtained from the 1D CNN illustrated the manner in which it can be leveraged to acquire insight regarding the health of the users in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Low-Cost Wireless Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges

Abstract: Nowadays, low-cost accelerometers are getting more attention from civil engineers to make Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications affordable and applicable to a broader range of structures. The present accelerometers based on Arduino or Raspberry Pi technologies in the literature share some of the following drawbacks: (1) high Noise Density (ND), (2) low sampling frequency, (3) not having the Internet’s timestamp with microsecond resolution, (4) not being used in experimental eigenfrequency analysis of a flexible and a less-flexible bridge, and (5) synchronization issues. To solve these problems, a new low-cost triaxial accelerometer based on Arduino technology is presented in this work (Low-cost Adaptable Reliable Accelerometer—LARA). Laboratory test results show that LARA has a ND of 51 µg/√Hz, and a frequency sampling speed of 333 Hz. In addition, LARA has been applied to the eigenfrequency analysis of a short-span footbridge and its results are compared with those of a high-precision commercial sensor.

IoT based E-vehicle monitoring system using sensors and imaging processing algorithm

Abstract: Human evolution has included the development of transportation systems. People are currently driving a significant number of fuel-powered automobiles. This resulted in an increase in the number of accidents as well as pollution in the environment. To address the disadvantages of gasolinebased vehicles, this study presents an IoT-based E-vehicle monitoring system (E-VMS) for early accident detection and to make the environment cleaner and greener by using alternative energy. E-VMS employs internet of things (IoT) technology to continuously monitor the vehicle as well as to access and control it remotely. The IoT devices installed in vehicles are built using an Arduino microcontroller and sensors to detect accidents quickly. When an accident occurs, the E-VMS recognizes it quickly and determines the severity of the incident. The machine will then promptly alert the authorities. The E-VMS is also familiar with the GPS system. This will allow the E-VMS to maintain track of the cars' location in real time. This information will be used to locate the car in the event of an accident or theft. The E-VMS system's results were promising in terms of accurately identifying accidents, determining the severity of the accident, and determining the position of the vehicle.

Application of Internet of Things in Image Processing

Abstract: Image processing and IoT technology use various sensors and camera-based sensors for processing image data with help of a variety of IoT applications. So far, the IoT and image processing concepts have been used for our real-life applications. Their individual use in the sphere of industries is possible and has had some success. However, a combination of the two technologies has yet to be developed. In this paper, we have purposed architecture that provides an overview of the function of image processing in the field of the Internet of Things. In this paper, we have used the ESP32 CAM WiFi Module with OV2640 Camera Module and the Arduino Uno R3 that open-source microcontroller board. We capture the plant image and use the cloud and big data-based prediction model for data analysis. We have used the ThingSpeak open-source platform to show the camera Received Signal Strength.

Measuring Biosignals with Single Circuit Boards

Abstract: To measure biosignals constantly, using textile-integrated or even textile-based electrodes and miniaturized electronics, is ideal to provide maximum comfort for patients or athletes during monitoring. While in former times, this was usually solved by integrating specialized electronics into garments, either connected to a handheld computer or including a wireless data transfer option, nowadays increasingly smaller single circuit boards are available, e.g., single-board computers such as Raspberry Pi or microcontrollers such as Arduino, in various shapes and dimensions. This review gives an overview of studies found in the recent scientific literature, reporting measurements of biosignals such as ECG, EMG, sweat and other health-related parameters by single circuit boards, showing new possibilities offered by Arduino, Raspberry Pi etc. in the mobile long-term acquisition of biosignals. The review concentrates on the electronics, not on textile electrodes about which several review papers are available.

Smart Driving Assistance Using Arduino and Proteus Design Tool

Abstract: In the modern era, the automobile trading has enhanced a lot by adding more safety features to protect the driver and vehicle on the road. Majorly, the accident occurs due to the fault in the system or ignorance of the driver. This paper demonstrates the digital framework, wherein the sensors are connected to the centralized system through the CAN bus with the main controller for leveraging proper alert information to the driver. The primary goal of the proposed system is to make the driver more comfortable to drive by providing the real-time data like status of the traffic signal, vehicle headlight control, leakage of gas in the vehicle, temperature variation, door safety sensors, and vehicle distance sensor. The system is designed to monitor and control the gas leakage by using control values, headlight control for high beam and low beam, door safety for automatic locking mechanism, vehicle-to-vehicle interspace maintenance via ultrasonic sensors, and door control via infrared sensors.

Body Worn Sensors for Health Gaming and e-Learning in Virtual Reality

Abstract: Virtual reality is an emerging field in the whole world. The problem faced by people today is that they are more indulged in indoor technology rather than outdoor activities. Hence, the proposed system introduces a fitness solution connecting virtual reality with a gaming interface so that an individual can play first-person games. The system proposed in this paper is an efficient and cost-effective solution that can entertain people along with playing outdoor games such as badminton and cricket while sitting in the room. To track the human movement, sensors Micro Processor Unit (MPU6050) are used that are connected with Bluetooth modules and Arduino responsible for sending the sensor data to the game. Further, the sensor data is sent to a machine learning model, which detects the game played by the user. The detected game will be operated on human gestures. A publicly available dataset named IM-Sporting Behaviors is initially used, which utilizes triaxial accelerometers attached to the subject’s wrist, knee, and below neck regions to capture important aspects of human motion. The main objective is that the person is enjoying while playing the game and simultaneously is engaged in some kind of sporting activity. The proposed system uses artificial neural networks classifier giving an accuracy of 88.9%. The proposed system should apply to many systems such as construction, education, offices and the educational sector. Extensive experimentation proved the validity of the proposed system.

Low-Cost Sensors Accuracy Study and Enhancement Strategy

Abstract: Today, low-cost sensors in various civil engineering sectors are gaining the attention of researchers due to their reduced production cost and their applicability to multiple nodes. Low-cost sensors also have the advantage of easily connecting to low-cost microcontrollers such as Arduino. A low-cost, reliable acquisition system based on Arduino technology can further reduce the price of data acquisition and monitoring, which can make long-term monitoring possible. This paper introduces a wireless Internet-based low-cost data acquisition system consisting of Raspberry Pi and several Arduinos as signal conditioners. This study investigates the beneficial impact of similar sensor combinations, aiming to improve the overall accuracy of several sensors with an unknown accuracy range. The paper then describes an experiment that gives valuable information about the standard deviation, distribution functions, and error level of various individual low-cost sensors under different environmental circumstances. Unfortunately, these data are usually missing and sometimes assumed in numerical studies targeting the development of structural system identification methods. A measuring device consisting of a total of 75 contactless ranging sensors connected to two microcontrollers (Arduinos) was designed to study the similar sensor combination theory and present the standard deviation and distribution functions. The 75 sensors include: 25 units of HC-SR04 (analog), 25 units of VL53L0X, and 25 units of VL53L1X (digital).

Design and Fabrication of a Low-Cost System for Smart Home Applications

Abstract: Smart systems and security got impressive attention and development in recent years, which have been appeared in the terms of smart homes, intelligent security, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Home automation comprises the controlling of the electrical appliances in the home wirelessly or automatically. Many different integrated circuits, sensors, modules, and embedded systems are available to be compatible to integrate with smart homes. In order to apply the concept of smart homes, many issues should be considered like as providing a user-friendly, reliable, secure, and cost-effective. In this paper, an effective and low-cost smart home system is designed and implemented based on the Arduino microcontroller boards with its compatible modules. The proposed work employed many types of sensors to carry out the tasks for the smart home for a couple of the essential segments, the first one is home security and the latter one is home automation. The antitheft home segment is based on the laser source directed on the light-dependent resistor and infrared sensor; once the thief tries to cut the laser or passes beside the sensor, the alarm will be switched on. The later segment aims to detect the fire occurring by the means of the flame sensor, gas leakage detection by the MQ-05 sensor, servo motor to opening/closing the garage door, LCD to display the status of the all-utilised sensors, and finally, the Bluetooth module to controlling the garage door wirelessly. To increase the system performance and reliability the Arduino Nano and the Arduino Leonardo board are utilised.

An internet of things-based automatic brain tumor detection system

Abstract: Due to the advances in information and communication technologies, the usage of the internet of things (IoT) has reached an evolutionary process in the development of the modern health care environment. In the recent human health care analysis system, the amount of brain tumor patients has increased severely and placed in the 10th position of the leading cause of death. Previous state-of-the-art techniques based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) faces challenges in brain tumor detection as it requires accurate image segmentation. A wide variety of algorithms were developed earlier to classify MRI images which are computationally very complex and expensive. In this paper, a cost-effective stochastic method for the automatic detection of brain tumors using the IoT is proposed. The proposed system uses the physical activities of the brain to detect brain tumors. To track the daily brain activities, a portable wrist band named Mi Band 2, temperature, and blood pressure monitoring sensors embedded with Arduino-Uno are used and the system achieved an accuracy of 99.3%. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the designed method in detecting brain tumors automatically and produce better accuracy in comparison to previous approaches.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Smart City Air Purifier Systems

Abstract: Dirty air or air pollution is one of the many natural problems that we face, the problem of harmful air pollution is very representative of a colony. If the air conditioner is not healthy so that it disturbs human health. Referring to the World Most Most Polluted Country Index, Indonesia is one of 10 countries where the air is unhealthy or polluted, requiring solutions to these natural problems. This paper aims to find solutions and minimize the impact of wider air pollution through air purification by utilizing the Artificial Intelligence mobility method, especially for outdoor areas. The problem with this system is that it provides clean air in a large area, for example, land, flats, offices, and so on, the majority of people will go out of the house and stay outside the house for a long time. Providing an intelligent sensor-based automatic drive is an advantage of this research because many air purifiers are related to the same purpose but are only explicitly made in a small room area. There are no mobility methods and no Artificial Intelligence system using the three main function formulation methods. The first formulation using "smart mobility" of the machine will be given high Artificial Intelligence. The second formulation is purification using an Arduino-based microprocessor, and the final formulation a human detector. After that, this system can be installed in residential areas and provides healthier air, referring to the structure of the formula "You Only Look Once" (YOLO). All systems will provide performance in that each function is integrated to explain the ease of this tool moves. If there is a low level of pollution, this tool will go to that place and vice versa. This tool works simultaneously, which filters air pollution & provides healthy air to humans (Artificial Intelligence). With this, the researchers tried to do several methodologies to solve air pollution outside the room and clean the dirty air to be suitable for breathing.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: IoT-based real-time patients vital physiological parameters monitoring system using smart wearable sensors

Abstract: Health care is one of the least funded sectors in Bangladesh and many other similar developing countries. People living in rural and remote areas do not have access to proper health care, and when they do, it is too expensive. This research aimed to develop a real-time health monitoring system that is cheap, easy to use, and accessible by doctors and patients. The system consists of several Internet of Things (IoT)-based sensors connected to an Arduino microprocessor, which thus measures the vital body signs of the patients. The measured readings are then transmitted to an Android application on a smartphone via a Bluetooth module. The sensors are connected to analog inputs. These sensors measure analog data, which is amplified by the microprocessor after being sorted. Doctors can also carry out the diagnosis of ailments using the data collected remotely from the patient. An Android-based mobile application that interfaces with a web-based application is implemented for efficient patients-doctors dual real-time communication. The Android application, which is connected to a MySQL database, updates the said database, which updates and displays the readings on a website accessible by both doctors and patients. Initially, the health monitor was tested using an Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) monitor and a single user. Once initial simulations were successful, the proposed system was tested on five different real-human test subjects. The testing of the wireless health monitor produced successful results that measured patient vitals with a high level of accuracy. The proposed IoT-based system monitors vital signs such as the patient’s body temperature, heart rate, ECG, SpO2 levels, blood pressure, and glucose levels. This system also includes a medical treatment plan by the doctors. The proposed system is novel as it integrates the IoT-based patient monitoring system with telemedicine. This proposed system has different sensors for real-time measuring the vital signs of the human body. A mobile and web application have also been integrated with this system for real-time remote patient monitoring and treatment plan. There are now systems available that only offer a telemedicine facility, where patients and doctors can have discussions, but do not have an IoT-based patient vital sign monitoring system integrated with telemedicine. The proposed system in this paper has the facility of IoT-based patient vital signs monitoring integrated with telemedicine, which makes this research work novel. The proposed system will increase the life expectancy of people throughout the world.

A Wearable Real-Time Character Recognition System Based on Edge Computing-Enabled Deep Learning for Air-Writing

Abstract: Nowadays, wearable sensors play a vital role in the detection of human motions, innovating an alternate and intuitive form in human–computer interaction (HCI). In this study, we present a novel real-time wearable system for finger air-writing recognition in three-dimensional (3D) space based on the Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense as an edge device, which can run TensorFlow Lite to realize recognition and classification on the device. This system enables users to have the freedom and flexibility to write characters (10 digits and 26 English lower-case letters) in free space by moving fingers and uses a deep learning algorithm to recognize 36 characters from the motion data captured by inertial measurement units (IMUs) and processed by a microcontroller, which are both embedded in an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense. We prepared 63000 air-writing stroke data samples of 35 subjects containing 18 males and 17 females for convolutional neural network (CNN) training and achieved a high recognition accuracy at 97.95%.

Smart Home Automation Implemented using LabVIEW and Arduino

Abstract: The 21st century is an era of technology. Technology has undoubtedly changed the way of living. It has an impact on the lives and redefined the fact of living. The smart home can monitor the temperature, fire, water level, automatic door lock, PIR sensor along with IR sensor placed around the house to monitor the house which guarantees the family's safety, smoke sensor and non-contact water level controller. It comprises of a personal computer (PC) as the communication medium, including the LabVIEW software installed on the PC and the Arduino micro-controller board coded and integrated with sensors and voice synthesizers which provide feedback thus assuring & notifying the user about the Smart Home. Invention of this smart home gives us a safe, convenient, and fully automated system.

Arduino mega 2560 микроконтроллері арқылы ауаны жылытуды басқару жүйесінің сипаттамасы

Abstract: Бұл мақалада Arduino Mega 2560 микроконтроллерлері негізінде ауаны жылытуды басқару жүйесінің технологиялық процесін модельдеу жобасы ұсынылған. Микроконтроллердің негізгі мақсаты оны автоматты басқару жүйелерінде, сондай-ақ әртүрлі құрылымдарда қолдану болып табылады. Қазіргі уақытта жылу жүйесін автоматтандыру микроконтроллер сияқты құрылғысыз аяқталмайды - оның мүмкіндіктері өте кең. Бұл бағдарламаланатын логикалық контроллер, ол соңғы жылдары танымал болды және басқару әдісін түбегейлі өзгертті. Микроконтроллер технологиялық процестегі жетектерді басқарудың әмбебап құралы болып табылады. Бұл құрылғыны жылыту қондырғыларының жұмысын автоматтандыру үшін ғана емес, сонымен қатар мүлдем басқа басқару жүйелерінде де қолдануға болады. Тиімді және қауіпсіз болуы керек барлық өндірістік процестер басқару және автоматтандыру жүйесін қажет етеді. Қазіргі уақытта жылу жүйесін автоматтандыру микроконтроллерлерсіз аяқталмайды. Жылыту жүйелерін кешенді автоматтандыру пайдаланушыға бөлмедегі температураны қашықтан реттеуге мүмкіндік береді. Соңғы уақытта өндіріс пен процестерді автоматтандыру саласында үздіксіз процестерге арналған кешенді автоматтандыру жүйелері ең перспективалы және дамушы бағыттар болып табылады.

Development of Low Cost Smart Cane with GPS

Abstract: This paper introduces a smart stick system for assisting blind people. The smart stick is a solution which helps visually impaired people to detect obstacles, waters and dangers in front of them during walking time. It identifies almost everything around them. The system is modified to perform like an artificial vision and alarm unit the system consists of two sensors: water sensor, ultrasonic sensor and microcontroller (Arduino Uno R3) to receive the sensor signals. It processes them to the short pulses to the Arduino pins where buzzers are connected. GPS and GSM are used so that if the user thinks he/she is lost then they can press a button which will send the exact location of the stick to a particular number, which will be known as EC (Emergency Contact) button. Also, there is RF Module which will help to find the stick if it is lost in a certain range. GPS navigation system in the Mobile can be used to guide the blind people to find any places. The blind people can also use an earphone to listen to the navigation directions which are coming from the mobile phone and buzzer alarm in the stick to warn by sound. In this project, a smart stick is provided which is affordable and suitable for most of the blind people, and also it is light in weight. It can be made available to all aspects of the society and to the families who need it.

Prototype Development of an Assistive Smart-Stick for the Visually Challenged Persons

Abstract: For visually challenged people, getting from one place to another is one of the most challenging jobs. Whether going indoors or outside, they typically require help from humankind. The lives of visually impaired persons are made more difficult by the environment's inadequate conditions. To overcome such hazards as hitting with obstacles, holes, stairs, or slipping on wet ground, a blind person must always be alert. In the event of an emergency, they might have to send an alarm message to their family or friends who are close by. In light of the preceding, we have addressed all of these difficulties in this study and provided a solution to help visually challenged people live freely. The ultrasonic sensor in our system helps blind people to notice obstacles such as holes and stairwells, while a water sensor detects water. The smart stick's buzzer goes off when any hindrance is recognized. The GPS and GSM components in our framework assist the users in determining the precise location of the smart stick. An Arduino UNO is used to control the device in this setup. The smart stick that has been recommended is a low- cost device that responds quickly, is simple to use, and consumes minimal energy.

An intelligent bike safety and surveillance system

Abstract: Now a day's usage of Two-wheeler is exponentially increasing and the accidents met by them also increases every year. Even though the Safety precautions and traffic rules are there the riders are not showing interest in following the safety measures and rules. An intelligent Bike Safety and Surveillance (IBSS) is a real time system which makes a rider to follow safety measures and the rules. The System Comprise of Helmet unit & Vehicle unit with antitheft and Speed Control mode. The helmet unit ensures whether the Rider is wearing a helmet, Alcohol Consumption of the rider and the proper release of Side stand. The Vehicle unit Comprises of the Surveillance system which check and intimate if an Accident is occurred. The antitheft mode protects the vehicle from unauthorized users. The Speed control mode monitors the speed and automatically control the speed of the Vehicle. The System is implemented using Arduino UNO and ATmega 328 Microcontroller with different sensors.