Showing papers on "Aromatic hydrocarbon published in 1972"

Nanosecond pulse radiolysis of acetone. Kinetic and thermodynamic properties of some aromatic radical cations

Abstract: Spectra of the molecular ions of acetone, formed during liquid phase pulse radiolysis are reported. The kinetic features of the monomer-dimer cation equilibria of some aromatic hydrocarbon solutes have been obtained at a number of temperatures. Equilibrium constants and thermodynamic data are measured and their implications discussed. The data are compared with literature values for the analogous equilibria involving excited singlet monomers and excimers.

Wavelength Effects in Fluorescence Quenching. Aromatic Hydrocarbons Quenched by Carbon Tetrachloride

Abstract: The origin of wavelength effects in the fluorescence quenching of aromatic hydrocarbons by chlorinated alkanes has been investigated using fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence steady‐state techniques and absorption spectroscopy. Evidence was obtained for the presence of ground‐state complexes between the aromatic hydrocarbon and the chlorinated alkane in both polar and nonpolar solvents. The kinetics of the fluorescence quenching are consistent with the hypothesis that these ground‐state complexes are responsible for the variations of the quenching efficiency with wavelength.

Nitro aromatic hydrocarbon,amino nitro aromatic & nitro aromatic phosphine oxides on aromatic polyamide-imide as light fading inhibitors for dyes thereon

Abstract: An improved process of dyeing or printing textile articles composed of thermostable polymers, i.e. aromatic polyamides and polyamide imides, and the textile articles so dyed or printed, wherein the dyeing or printing solution contacting the textile article contains as an adjuvant, in an amount sufficient to provide improved light fastness to the textile article, an ultraviolet light absorbing nitro aromatic compound. The nitro aromatic compound is preferably selected from nitro aromatic hydrocarbons, nitro aromatic amines and nitro aromatic phosphine oxides.

Chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon induced modifications of the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum: concentric membrane arrays.

Abstract: A number of commercial compounds having chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon structures are used extensively for medical(3), industrial(4) and agricultural(5) purposes. Quantities of certain parent chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons and metabolites have been repeatedly detected as residues in the food supply and tissues of birds, fish, and mammals(6-9) including man(10). Chlorinated diphenyl-p-dioxins have been identified as contaminants of many commercial products, such as certain edible fats, herbicides and disinfectants. It is suggested that the compound results from the conjugation of commercial chlorinated phenols(1 1). Polychlorinated polyphenyls are among the most abundant chlorinated hydrocarbon global pollutants. Their contamination of the environment is a result of the widespread commercial use of these compounds for their properties of insulation, adhesiveness, thermoplasticity, chemical inertness, and insolubility. Following this investigation of sequential biochemical and ultrastructural alterations within the liver produced by three chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons chlorinated diphenyl-p-dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and a highly chlorinated triphenyl (PCT)-certain similarities of biochemical and ultrastructural effects of the compounds were observed. The livers of rats fed the chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons consistently contained numerous multi-layered concentric membrane arrays, proliferated smooth

Intramolecular exciplex formation in some compounds containing condensed aromatic hydrocarbon and NN-dimethylaniline moieties

Abstract: Effects of the geometrical restrictions on intramolecular exciplex formation have been studied for some systems containing anthracene or pyrene and NN-dimethylaniline moieties, and it is concluded that a parallel sandwich structure may be favourable but not necessary for intra- and inter-molecular exciplex formation.

Polyurethane compositions extended with low aromatic hydrocarbon oils

Abstract: Solid polyurethane resins containing a non-compatible hydrocarbon oil homogeneously dispersed therein are prepared by thoroughly admixing the polyurethane reactants, a low aromatic hydrocarbon oil, and particular emulsifying and thixotropic colloidal agents.

Purification of propylene oxide by distillation

Abstract: Propylene oxide is purified with respect to contaminating paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons by extractive distillation in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule.

Telomerization reactions utilizing liquid hydrocarbon solutions of certain organometallic complexes

Abstract: TELOMERIZATION REACTIONS WHEREIN AN AROMATIC HYDROCARBON, SUCH AS TOLUENE, IS TELOMERIZED, IN THE PRESENCE OF CATALYST MIXTURE OR COMPLEX COMPRISING, BY WAY OF ILLUSTRAION, (A) N-BUTYLSODIUM OR N-BUTYLPOTASSIUM AND (B) ALKYLLITHIUMS SUCH AS N-BUTYLLITHIUM, BY THE GRADUAL AND CONTROLLED ADDITION OF MONOMERS SUCH AS CONJUGATED DIENES AND/OR VINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS, WHEREBY TO PRODUCE NOVEL LIQUID RESINOUS TELOMERS.

Method for nitration of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds

Abstract: A PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR NITRATION OF AN AROMATIC HYDROCARBON SUCH AS BENZENE OR TOLUENE IN WHICH THE HYDROCARBON IS VAPORIZED AND BUBBLED THROUGH AQUEOUS NITRIC ACID IN A REACTION VESSEL AT A TEMPERATURE WHICH MAY VARY FROM 50 TO 100*C. A MIXTURE OF NITRIC ACID AND NITRATED HYDROCARBON WHICH IS FORMED IS CONTINUOUSLY WITHDRAWN FROM THE REACTION VESSEL AND FED TO A SEPARATOR WHERE THE NITRATED HYDROCARBON IS SEPARATED AND WITHDRAWN AND THE NITRIC ACID IS RETURNED TO THE REACTION VESSEL. D R A W I N G

The determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mineral oils by thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry

Abstract: A procedure involving column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography, with high-resolution mass spectrometry, has been developed for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mineral oils. The approximate content of these hydrocarbons can be determined by preparative thin-layer chromatography and a more accurate result obtained by analysing certain fractions from this separation by mass spectrometry. The mono-and dicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contents can also be determined from the analysis of these fractions and considerable additional information is obtained about the types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present, as designated by Z number in the hydrocarbon formula CnH2n+z.Limitations of the procedure result from the presence of sulphur compounds in the thin-layer chromatographic fractions, although assumptions can be made that permit certain of these compounds to be determined in the mass-spectrometric analysis. Also, the latter method is not applicable to oils containing appreciable amounts of compounds with relative molecular masses higher than 500.

Separation of cyclic hydrocarbons with molecular sieve adsorbent

Abstract: 1. A PROCESS FOR SEPARATING TWO STRUCTURALLY SIMILAR CYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS CONTAINING IN THE RANGE OF 1-4 AROMATIC RINGS, AND IN THE RANGE OF 8-36 CARBON ATOMS AND WHEREIN SAID AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS CONTAIN AT LEAST ONE CONDENSED RING, SAID PROCESS COMPRISING: (A) CONTACTING A FLUID FEED MIXTURE COMPRISING SAID CYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS WITH A SOLID ABSORBENT COMPRISING A PARTIALLY DEHYDRATED, SUBSTANTIALLY CRYSTALLINE ALUMINO-SILICATE ZEOLITE HAVING A CRITICAL PORE DIAMETER GREATER THAN ABOUT 6A, THE RATIO AL/SI OF THE ALUMINO- SILICATE FRAMEWORK OF THE ZEOLITE BEING IN THE RANGE OF 0.65-0.2, THE ZEOLITE HAVING BEEN PARTIALLY DEHYDRATED BY EXPOSURE TO A TEMPERATURE IN THE RANGE OF 80-300* C., WHEREBY THERE IS OBTAINED A RICH ADSORBENT CONTAINING AN ADSORBATE WHICH IS RICHER IN ONE SAID CYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON THAN WAS SAID FLUID FEED MIXTURE, AND A RAFFINATE PRODUCT WHICH CONTAINS LESS OF THE ONE SAID CYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON THAN DID SAID FLUID FEED MIXTURE; (B) SEPARATING SAID RAFFINATE PRODUCT FROM SAID RICH ADSORBENT AND, (C) REMOVING THE ONE SAID CUCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON FROM SAID RICH ADSORBENT.

Process for the discontinuous copolymerization of conjugated dienes containing at most five carbon atoms, and vinylaromatic compounds

Abstract: 1283327 Copolymerizing conjugated dienes and alkenyl aromatic compounds SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ NV 19 April 1971 [16 April 1970] 26920/71 Heading C3P A process for the discontinuous copolymerization of at least one conjugated diene containing at most 5 carbon atoms and at least one alkenyl aromatic compound in a liquid diluent in the presence of an initiator based on lithium comprises (a) preparing a starting mixture of the diluent and a part of the total quantity of each monomer, (b) initiating copolymerization by contacting this mixture with the initiator and (c) keeping the monomer ratio in the reaction mixture constant during the copolymerization by adding the remaining part of each monomer. Specified monomers are butadiene, isoprene and piperylene; and styrene, α-methyl styrene, pmethyl styrene, #-methyl styrene, 1-vinyl naphthalene and 2-vinyl naphthalene. The initiator may be lithium or methyl, isopropyl, butyl, amyl, 2-ethylhexyl or phenyl lithium; ethylene, trimethylene or pentamethylene dilithium; 1,4-dilithiobenzene; 1,5-dilithiobenzene; 1,5-dilithionaphthalene or 1,3,5-trilithium pentane. The diluent may be an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon; and polymerization may be effected in the presence of cross-linking agents, e.g. divinylbenzene, and coupling agents, e.g. silicon tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, hydrocarbon dihalides, ethyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, phenyl benzoate and diethyl adipate. Examples describe the copolymerization of butadiene and styrene in hexane/ cyclohexane mixtures in the presence of sec. butyl lithium and with the addition of silicon tetrachloride after the monomers.

Removal of vinylbenzylhalide polymeric deposits from surfaces

Abstract: Deposits of polymer on the surfaces of process equipment used for the manufacture of vinylbenzyl halides are removed by contacting the fouled surfaces with a mixture of aqueous tertiary amine and a polymer-swelling solvent, i.e., chlorinated hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbon and separating the thereby loosened deposits by means such as ultrasonic vibrations or a water wash.

Selective hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons to cycloolefins

Abstract: A PROCESS IS PROVIDED FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CYCLOOLEFIN WHICH COMPRISES THE PARTIAL HYDROGENATION OF AN AROMATIC HYDROCARBON IN AN AQUEOUS ALKALINE SOLUTION IN THE PRESENCE OF A REDUCED CATALYST FORMED FROM A COMPOUND OF A GROUP VIII METAL. THE HYDROGENATION CAN BE CARRIED OUT BY ADDING TO THE CATALYST SYSTEM A CATION SUCH AS THAT PROVIDED BY ZINC CHLORIDE OR CHROMOUS CHLORIDE OR A CARBONYL OF CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM OR TUNGSTEN OR BOTH THE CATION AND THE CARBONYL.

Preparation of organolithium compounds

Abstract: P-C6H4CL2+4LI+C10H8$->P-C6H4LI2+4C1048+2LICL THE PROCESS OF LITHIATING AN ORGANO HALIDE BY REACTING IT WITH LITHIUM REAGENT SO AS TO REPLACE ONE OR MORE HALOGEN ATOMS OF THE ORGANO HALIDE WITH LITHIUM ATOMS AND FORM LITHIUM HALIDE BY-PRODUCT IS IMPROVED BY EMPLOYING AS THE LITHIUM REAGENT AN ADDITION COMPOUND OF LITHIUM AND AN AROMATIC HYDROCARBON CONTAINING AT LEAST 2 AROMATIC RINGS THAT ARE EITHER JOINED TOGETHER, FUSED TOGETHER, OR CONJUGATED TO EACH OTHER. FOR EXAMPLE, 1,4DICHLOROBENZENE CAN BE REACTED IN TETRAHYDROFURAN AT -50*C. WITH THE ADDITION COMPOUND OF LITHIUM AND NAPHTHALENE TO GIVE A 93% YIELD OF 1,4-PHENYLENE DILITHIUM, ACCORDING TO THE FOLLOWING EQUATION:

Simplified one vessel preparation of 1-(5-alkyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1,3-dialkyl-ureas with azeotropic drying

Abstract: 1-(5-ALKYL-1,3,4-THIADIAZOL-2-YL)-1,3 - DIALKYL UREAS ARE PREPARED BY THE CONDENSATION OF A 1-ACYL-4-ALKYLTHIOSEMICARBAZIDE IN AN AROMATIC HYDROCARBON-MINERAL ACID SOLVENT MIXTURE TO YEILD A 2-ALKYLAMINO-5-ALKYL-1,3,4-THIADIAZOLE FOLLOWED BY REACTION WITH AN ALKYLISOCYANATE IN A DRY AROMATIC HYDROCARBON SOLVENT.

Method for making aromatic hydrocarbon polymers and products produced thereby

Abstract: AN ORGANOMETALLIC CONDENSATION POLYMERIZATION METHOD IS PROVIDED FOR MAKING CERTAIN AROMATIC HYDROCARBON POLYMERS INVOLVING THE LITHIATION OF PARTICULAR AROMATIC DIOLEFINS, SUCH AS COMPOUNDS HAVING TWO ISOLATED 1-ARYL-1,2-DIALKYLETHYLENE GROUPS IN A SINGLE MOLECULE, FOR EXAMPLE, 2,2-BIS(4-PHENYLCYCLOHEX-3-ENYL) PROPANE. THE RESULTING POLYMERS ARE FILM FORMING AND CAN BE EMPLOYED AS DIELECTRICS FOR MAKING CAPACITORS..

Removing water from oil-producing formations

Abstract: Water is removed from the portion of an oil-producing formation near a producing well. A micellar solution is used for this purpose. The solution may be a water-free concentrate or it may contain water. When the salt content of water in the well and in the formation is between about 20,000 and about 100,000 parts per million by weight, the formation of objectionable emulsions may occur. The severity of this problem is decreased by injecting a batch of low-viscosity substantially aliphatic hydrocarbon liquid ahead of the micellar solution. In some cases, such as where very highly saline brines are present, the aliphatic hydrocarbon liquid may be preceded by a small batch of water containing little, if any, salt. The aliphatic hydrocarbon liquid may also be preceded by an aromatic hydrocarbon liquid or other solvent to dissolve organic deposits, such as paraffin, asphaltenes, and the like. Use of the aliphatic hydrocarbon liquid is also advantageous, even when low-salinity brine is present.

Developing emulsion for electrostatic images

Abstract: 1. A DEVELOPING EMULSION FOR USE IN DEVELOPING A LATENT ELECTROSTATIC IMAGE INCLUDING IN COMBINATION A TACKY ORGANOSOL LIPIDE PHASE COMPRISING THE FOLLOWING BY WEIGHT: PERCENT HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYMER 3.5-5.5 LIGHT HYDROCARBON LIQUID 32.0-52.0 PIGMENT 0.5-1.5 IN WHICH LSAID LIGHT HYDROCARBON LIQUID INCLUDES ABOUT 90% ISOPARAFFINIC HYDROCARBONS AND ABOUT 10% AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, AND A DISPERSE AQUEOUS PHASE COMPRISING THE FOLLOWING BY WEIGHT: PERCENT WATER 43.0-64.0 SURFACE-ACTIVE EMULSIFYING AGENT 0.01-0.15 ANTITOAM AGENT 0.01-0.15 SAID HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYMER BEING DISSOLVED IN SAID AROMATIC HYDROCARBON LIQUID.

Nitrile prepn from carboxylic acids - via acid chlorides and amides, without separation of intermediate steps

Abstract: Process comprises conversion of carboxylic acids to acid chlorides, reaction of acid chlorides with gaseous NH3 and dehydration of amides obtd Process is pref carried out in org solvent, esp an aromatic hydrocarbon Dehydration pref takes place in presence of NH4Cl or of salts of Main Gp I or II metals Nitriles are thus prepd is high yields and purity coupled with short reaction times

Production of dealkylated aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrogen

Abstract: A process for producing dealkylated aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrogen from a hydrocarbon oil comprises the steps of subjecting to catalytic steam dealkylation a hydrocarbon oil containing at least 50% by weight of an alkylaromatic hydrocarbon and having an initial boiling point higher than that of the dealkylated aromatic hydrocarbon to be produced by at least 5 DEG C and recovering the dealkylated aromatic hydrocarbon thus produced and hydrogen of high purity from the resulting products

Tri-substituted aluminum salts or di-substituted aluminum salts of carboxyl group-containing, pharmaceutically effective compounds, and process for preparation thereof

Abstract: A process for the preparation of di- or tri-substituted aluminum salts of carboxyl group-containing, pharmaceutically effective compounds which comprises reacting up to three types of carboxyl group-containing, pharmaceutically effective compounds with an organic aluminum compound expressed by the following formula; D R A W I N G WHEREIN R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, stand for an aliphatic alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon residue having up to 10 carbon atoms, and R3 stands for a hydrocarbon residue as defined with respect to R1 and R2, which may be the same as, or different from, R1 and R2, or a hydrocarbyloxy group of the formula OR4 in which R4 is an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon residue having up to 10 carbon atoms, AND A NOVEL DI-OR TRI-SUBSTITUTED ALUMINUM SALTS OF CARBOXYL GROUP-CONTAINING, PHARMACEUTICALLY EFFECTIVE COMPOUNDS

Method of transporting acetylene

Abstract: ACETYLENE IS TRANSPORTED SAFELY AND ECONOMICALLY BY CONTACTING AN ACETYLENE-CONTAINING GAS IN A FIRST LOCATION WITH A SOLUTION OF CUPROUS ALUMINUM TETRACHLORIDE IN AN AROMATIC HYDROCARBON OR HALOGENATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBON TO FORM A SOLUTION OF AN ACETYLENE-CUPROUS ALUMINUM TETRACHLORIDE COMPLEX IN THE AROMATIC SOLVENT, TRANSPORTING THE SOLUTION CONTAINING THE ACETYLENE COMPLEX FROM THE FIRST LOCATION TO A SECOND LOCATION, CONTACTING THE SOLUTION IN THE SECOND LOCATION WITH A COUNTERCURRENT STREAM OF A HYDROCARBON VAPOR AT 75* C. TO 180* C., AND RECOVERING SUBSTANTIALLY PURE ACETYLENE FROM THE RESULTING GAS STREAM.

Purification of crude 2-mercaptobenzothiazole

Abstract: A process for purification of crude 2-mercaptobenzothiazole obtained by the reaction of aniline, carbon disulfide and sulfur at a high temperature under an elevated pressure according to a conventional procedure which comprises dispersing the crude 2mercaptobenzothiazole into an aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g. benzene, filtering the resultant dispersion, dissolving the collected particles into an aqueous caustic alkali, e.g. sodium hydroxide, and filtering the resulting alkaline solution to give an aqueous solution of the alkali salt of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole of high purity.

Emission spectra of toluene and anisole by controlled electron impact

Abstract: The emission spectra of toluene and of anisole were observed by exciting them by controlled electron impact up to 300 V. A characteristic band of the aromatic hydrocarbon was observed in both cases.