Showing papers on "Aromatic hydrocarbon published in 1984"

Toluene degradation products in simulated atmospheric conditions

Abstract: Atmospheric hydrocarbons have an important influence on the chemistry of the polluted lower atmosphere. Aromatic hydrocarbons or benzene derivatives comprise about 25–40% of gasoline in the US1 and they are widely employed as solvents. Toluene is the most commonly used aromatic hydrocarbon and is often the most abundant of all non-methane hydrocarbons in urban atmospheres. Typical urban toluene concentrations range from 1 to 50 p.p.b. (parts per 109)2,3 and clean-air concentrations up to 0.4 p.p.b. have been reported4. The aromatic hydrocarbons are destroyed by reaction with atmospheric hydroxyl radical (HO) and toluene remains in the atmosphere for about 50 daylight hours before reacting. Despite extensive study, toluene's reaction products are poorly understood5. Many reaction products have been identified, but most of these are ring-addition or side-chain oxidation products which retain the aromatic character of toluene. We have conducted a thorough study of toluene's oxidation products in simulated atmospheric conditions and present here an account of the products found and outline their probable formation and destruction mechanisms.

Diglycidyl substituted heterocyclic compounds

Abstract: Diclycidyl substituted heterocyclic compounds of the formula: wherein X and Y can be the same or different and are either nitrogen or the radical C-R, where R is a hydrogen, or a hydrocarbon group, eg, a straight or branched chain saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic group, an aromatic hydrocarbon-substituted alkyl group, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted alkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, a heterocyclic group, or a hetero-cyclic-substituted alkyl group, and where the glycidyl group in the five-membered ring is attached to a ring nitrogen atom; processes for their preparation; and compositions and methods for their use as cytostatic agents

Process for separating alkylaromatics from aromatic solvents and the separation of the alkylaromatic isomers using membranes

Abstract: In the production of alkylaromatics by the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons with alkylating agents such as olefins typically in the presence of a catalyst, the unconverted aromatic hydrocarbon remaining after completion of the alkylation process is separated from the alkylaromatic product and the terminal alkylaromatic isomers are separated from the mixture of alkylaromatic isomers produced in the alkylation process by the selective permeation of the aromatic hydrocarbon and the terminal isomers through a permselective membrane, preferably an asymmetric membrane producing a permeate rich in the terminal isomers and a retentate which is lean (i.e., depleated) in the terminal isomers. Permeation is under reverse osmosis conditions, that is, under a pressure sufficient to at least overcome the osmotic pressure of the aromatic hydrocarbon present in the mixture made up of the aromatic hydrocarbon, the olefin and the mixed isomer alkylaromatic product. Permeation is carried out at a pressure of about 100 to 800 psig, preferably a pressure of about 200 to 600 psig, more preferably a pressure of about 300 to 500 psig, at a temperature of about 0° to 100° C., preferably about 20°-80° C., most preferably about 20° to 50° C. The membrane of choice is an asymmetric polyimide membrane.

Selective permeation of aromatic hydrocarbons through polyethylene glycol impregnated regenerated cellulose or cellulose acetate membranes

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons present in a hydrocarbon feed stream containing a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons and non-aromatic saturated organic components are separated from said hydrocarbon feed stream by selective permeation of the aromatic hydrocarbon through a regenerated cellulose or cellulose acetate membrane which has been impregnated with polyethylene glycol. The thus treated membrane possesses high selectivity for aromatic hydrocarbons at a high flux. The amount and type of polyethylene glycol impregnated into the membrane is carefully controlled in order to achieve high aromatic selectivity and high flux.

Production of aromatic hydrocarbons

Abstract: OF THE DISCLOSURE Production of aromatic hydrocarbons This invention relates to a process for producing aromatic hydrocarbon from a feestock comprising C3/C4 hydrocarbons fixed with C2 hydrocarbons, especially ethane. The mixed feedstock is contacted at a temperature below 580°C with a catalyst composition comprising an aluminosilicate in which the molar ratio of silica to alumina is at least 5:1. The product is rich in aromatics and can be used as a gasoline blending component.

Preparation of cyclobutene substituted aromatic hydrocarbons

Abstract: The invention is a process for the preparation of an aromatic hydrocarbon with a cyclobutene ring fused to the aromatic hydrocarbon which comprises, dissolving an ortho alkyl halomethyl aromatic hydrocarbon in an inert solvent and pyrolyzing the solution of ortho alkyl halomethyl aromatic hydrocarbon in the inert solvent under conditions such that the ortho alkyl and halomethyl substituents form a cyclobutene ring thereby forming an aromatic hydrocarbon having a fused cyclobutene ring.

Process for producing tertiary amines

Abstract: A process is described for producing a tertiary amine by alkylating an amine of formula (I) wherein R' represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms; R 2 and R 3 each represents a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms; m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 5 and n is 2 or 3, provided that when m=0, at least one of R 2 and R 3 represents a hydrogen atom with a carbonyl compound of formula (II) wherein R 4 and R 5 each represents a hydrogen atom, a saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic 'hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 24 total carbon atoms, an aromatic group-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 24 or less total carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 24 or less total carbon atoms, or R 4 and R 5 may be combined together to form an aliphatic hydrocarbon ring wherein a hydrogenation catalyst having from 0.1 to 10 wt% of at least one of Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, and Pt supported on pulverized or granular carbon is provided in a reaction zone at the concentration of from 5 to 5,000 ppm of the catalyst metal based on the amount of the amine of formula (I), and the reaction is performed at a temperature of from 80 to 250°C and a hydrogen pressure of at least 2 kg/cm 2 (gauge) while the carbonyl compound is continuously supplied to the reaction zone.

Processes for the hydrodealkylation and/or isomerization of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons

Abstract: A process to convert alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons substantially by hydrodealkylation comprises contacting an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon feed under conversion conditions with an intermediate pore crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite-based catalyst composition on which has been placed a molybdenum-containing compound.

Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a lower olefin and a 6W9C aromatic hydrocarbon useful as chemical raw materials, at the same time, in high yield, by contacting a hydrocarbon with an aluminosilicate zeolite having medium pore size at a specific reaction temperature and a specific weight-hour space velocity. CONSTITUTION: A liquid hydrocarbon composed mainly of paraffin is made to contact with an aluminosilicate zeolite (preferably composed of ZSM-5 zeolite) having medium pore size and a silica/alumina molar ratio of ≥20 at 600W750°C and a weight-hour space velocity of 20W300hr -1 (preferably in the range enclosed by the quadrilateral ABCD shown in the figure) to obtain a lower olefin and a 6W9C aromatic hydrocarbon. EFFECT: Both compounds are produced simultaneously at a balanced ratio with little production of methane. COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio

Catalytic composition and application thereof to the conversion of synthesis gas into a highly aromatic hydrocarbon mixture

Abstract: Catalytic composition comprising an intimate mixture of powders of at least one iron- or cobalt-based compound active in the Fischer- Tropsch synthesis and of a zeolite. The said compound rests on a support. The invention also relates to the application of this composition to the conversion of synthesis gas into a mixture of hydrocarbons of high aromaticity.

Para-selective aromatic hydrocarbon conversions using silica bound zeolite catalysts

Abstract: A process is provided for enhancing the para-isomer content in the products resulting from the conversion of alkylbenzene compounds to dialkylbenzene compound mix­ tures. Examples of such conversions include the ethylation and disproportionation of toluene. The conversion takes place over a crystalline zeolite material combined with a matrix consisting essentially of amorphous silica as a binding material.

Method for partial nuclear hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and a hydrogenation catalyst therefor

Abstract: The invention provides an improvement in the partial nuclear hydrogenation of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound in the liquid phase with admixture of water catalyzed by a ruthenium-containing solid catalyst. The scope of the invention is in the use of a novel ruthenium-containing catalyst supported on a silica gel and the like carrier and the catalyst is prepared by the hydrolysis and gelation of an alkoxide of silicon or aluminum in a solution containing a ruthenium compound, e.g. ruthenium alkoxide, followed by drying of the gelled material so that the resultant catalyst is very uniformly impregnated with the ruthenium ingredient to be imparted with greatly improved catalytis activity and selectivity for the intended reaction over conventional ruthenium-containing catalysts prepared by post-impregnation of a preformed silica gel carrier.

2,2-difluoropropionic acid derivatives

Abstract: 2,2,3-trifluoropropionyl fluoride is prepared by opening the ring of tetrafluorooxetane in the presence of a catalyst. Analogously, a novel 2,2-difluoropropionic acid derivative of the formula: XCH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COY (I) wherein X is chlorine, bromine, iodine, a group of the formula: R.sub.1 O-- (II) or R.sub.2 COO-- (III) wherein R 1 R 2 are each an aliphaic or halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms optionally bearing at least one substituent, or a group of the formula: X'CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O-- (IV) wherein X' is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, the group of the formula: R 1 O--or R 2 COO--; and Y is fluorine or a group of the formula: --OR.sub.3 (V) wherein R 3 is an aliphatic or halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms except a perfluorohydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms optionally bearing at least one substituent or of the formula : --OCH.sub.2 R.sub.f (V') wherein R f is an aliphatic perfluorohydrocarbon having 1 to 7 carbon atoms is prepared.

Immune system-stimulating N-glycosylated ureas and carbamates

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R1 is hydrogen, an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, an aralkyl radical or an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having up to 45 C atoms, R2 is an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical, an aralkyl radical or an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 5-50 C atoms, X is O, S, NH or NR, R being an alkyl radical having up to 20 C atoms, and Z is a glycosyl radical bonded via the anomeric carbon atom, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof stimulate the immune system.

Process for the preparation of polymers comprising conjugated dienes and optionally monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbons

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polymers comprising conjugated dienes and optionally monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbons, which process comprises the polymerization of conjugated diene and optionally monoalkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers in the presence of a hydrocarbon diluent, and a hydrocarbyl alkalimetal compound and a Lewis base having the formula ##STR1## wherein R 1 is an alkyl group having 2-18 carbon atoms; R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen or an alkyl groups having 1-4 carbon atoms; R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; and R 5 is an alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms.

Charge-resonance energies in dimer cations of aromatics

Abstract: It is shown that the charge-resonance contribution to binding of the radical dimer cations of aromatic hydrocarbon decreases as the size of the hydrocarbon molecule increases.

Integrated HF regeneration in aromatic hydrocarbon alkylation process

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons by the HF catalyzed reaction of an aromatic hydrocarbon with a C 8 -plus acyclic olefin. A portion of the HF used as catalyst is regenerated by passage into a stripping column which has a primary function of stripping dissolved HF out of a hydrocarbonaceous mixture produced in the alkylation zone. This eliminates the requirement for a separate HF regeneration column and the costs associated with this column.

Tire rubber composition

Abstract: PURPOSE: A tire rubber composition improved in rolling friction resistance and processability, comprising a conjugated diolefin/vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon random copolymer formed by copolymerization and coupling with specified compounds. CONSTITUTION: A tire rubber composition containing at least 20% conjugated diolefin/vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon random copolymer formed by copolymerization in the presence of an organolithium polyfunctional initiator or copolymerization in the presence of an organomonolithium initiator and a polyfunctional monomer and by coupling with a compound containing a tin halide compound, said conjugated diolefin/vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon random copolymer having a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon content of 3W60wt%, a content of copolymer- bonded tin ≥400ppm, and a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 , 100°C) of 20W200. COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio

Process for the production of polyphenylene oxides

Abstract: A process for the production of polyphenylene oxides by the oxidative coupling of a diorthosubstituted phenol of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are an n-alkyl radical with 1 to about 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical in the presence of an oxidizing gas and an activated copper(II)-amine catalyst made of copper(II) salts, secondary aliphatic or cyclic amines having about 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and hydrobromides of the same or different secondary aliphatic or cyclic amines having about 4 to 10 carbon atoms, in a solvent mixture of a C6 -C8 aromatic hydrocarbon and a C1 -C4 aliphatic alcohol.

Disazo photoreceptors for electrophotography

Abstract: Photoreceptor for electrophotography comprising a conductive support and an overlaying photosensitive layer thereon, said photosensitive layer containing at least one azo compound of Formula I or II ##STR1## wherein Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 each is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring radical or an aromatic heterocyclic ring radical; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each is an electron attractive group or hydrogen provided that at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is an electron attractive group; and A is ##STR2## wherein X is a hydroxy group or a group represented by the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 6 and R 7 each is hydrogen or an alkyl group, and R 8 is an alkyl or aryl group; Y is halogen, an alkyl or alkoxy group, a carboxy group, a sulfo group, a carbamoyl or sulfamoyl group; Z is an atomic group necessary for making an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; R 5 is hydrogen, an amino or carbamoyl group, a carboxy group or an ester group thereof; Ar 5 is an aryl group; n is an integer of 1, 2 or 3; and m is an integer of 0, 1 or 2.

Purification of 5-methyl-7-diethylamino-s-triazolo(1,5- a)pyrimidine

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain purified 5-methyl-7-diethylamino-s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (trapidil for short) suitable as a coronary vasodilator efficiently, by bringing a solution of crude trapidil in a hydrocarbon into contact with an aqueous solution of a metal salt. CONSTITUTION:A solution of crude trapidil in a hydrocarbon (e.g., preferably 10-30wt% solution of aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.) is brought into contact with an aqueous solution of a metal salt(e.g., preferably 0.1-10wt% aqueous solution of sulfate, carbonate, phosphate of Cu , Zn , Co , Ni , etc.), to purify trapidil. In the operation, the amount of the aqueous solution of metal salt used is preferably 0.05-1.0pt.vol. based on 1pt.vol. solution of hydrocarbon, and the contact reaction is preferably carried out at 40-100 deg.C for 10-30min. EFFECT:Colored impurities are removed efficiently.