Showing papers on "Aromatic hydrocarbon published in 1988"

Production of benzene-insoluble organic aluminumoxy compound

Abstract: PURPOSE: To produce the subject compound having excellent catalyst activity by bringing a solution of an aluminoxane into contact with an active hydrogen- containing compound. CONSTITUTION: For example, an organoaluminum compound, such as trialkylaluminum, is added and reacted with a suspension of magnesium chloride hydrate, etc., in a hydrocarbon medium and preferably recovered as an aromatic hydrocarbon solution. The resultant aluminoxane solution is then brought into contact with a hydrocarbon solvent (e.g., benzene or toluene) containing an active hydrogen-containing compound (preferably alcohols, such as a methanol), preferably at -50 to +200°C for 1-150hr to afford the objective compound containing an A component soluble in the benzene at 160°C in an amount of ≤10% expressed in terms of Al atoms. Furthermore, the active hydrogen- containing compound is used in an amount of 0.1-5mol (preferably 0.2-3mol) based on Al atoms in the aluminoxane solution. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO&Japio

Mechanisms of the strongly exothermic charge separation reaction in the excited singlet state. Picosecond laser photolysis studies on aromatic hydrocarbon-tetracyanoethylene and aromatic hydrocarbon-pyromellitic dianhydride systems in polar solutions

Abstract: In relation to the fact that there are no clear-cut experimental results indicating the “inverted region” in the strongly exothermic charge separation (CS) in the fluorescence quenching reaction, the possibilities of (a) formation of a nonfluorescent charge transfer complex in the course of quenching and (b) participation of excited electronic states of the ion pair in the course of CS at the encounter of fluorescer and quencher are examined for aromatic hydrocarbon-tetracyanoethylene and aromatic hydrocarbon-pyromellitic dianhydride systems in acetonitrile with the picosecond laser photolysis method. Both (a) and (b) are shown improbable as mechanisms for the lack of an inverted region in the photoinduced CS reaction. Discussions on these results are given on the basis of a new theoretical treatment.

Catalytic aromatic saturation of hydrocarbons

Abstract: In the catalytic processing of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, a hydrocarbon oil is successively contacted at aromatic saturation conditions with a catalyst in a first reaction zone and contacted at a lower temperature with a second portion of the catalyst in the same reactor or in multiple reactors.

Process for conversion of ethylbenzene in c8 aromatic hydrocarbon mixture

Abstract: PROCESS FOR CONVERSION OF ETHYLBENZENE IN ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Ethylbenzene can be substantially hydrode-ethylated to benzene with a minimized loss of xylene by placing a C8 aromatic hydrocarbon mixture containing ethylbenzene and xylene in the presence of hydrogen in contact with a catalyst comprising 0.6 to 20.0 parts by weight of rhenium, 100 parts by weight of an acid type of a zeolite having a main cavity inlet composed of a 10-membered oxygen ring and 100 to 900 parts by weight of alumina, which has been subjected to sulfiding.

Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometric Studies of HZSM-5 Activity During Wood Pyrolysis Product Conversion

Abstract: The conversion of oxygen-rich biomass pyrolysis products to olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons has been studied in real time using molecular beam mass spectrometry (MBMS). Direct MBMS sampling of the vapors allows rapid analysis of complex gas phase species: (1) the pyrolysis products and the degree of conversion to hydrocarbons for the major compound classes; (2) the yields of water and carbon oxides, compounds in which rejected oxygen appears; (3) the composition of organic catalyst products, which contain olefins, substituted benzenes, furans, and naphthalenes. Methods have been developed that allow yield estimates of the major products, based on the MBMS results. The important parameters influencing yields and product distributions, which are temperature, weight hourly space velocity, and feed partial pressure, have been systematically screened. The effects of these major variables have been studied over the complete catalyst life from initial exposure of the fresh catalyst to the pyrolysis vapor to the breakthrough of feed due to coke deposition and deactivation. These studies have indicated an additional mechanism of aromatic hydrocarbon formation from biomass pyrolysis is present that is not observed in methanol conversion.

Process for the methylation of triazine compounds containing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine groups

Abstract: Process for the methylation of compounds at least one group of the formula (I) ##STR1## by means of a mixture of formaldehyde and formic acid in a reaction medium consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.

Grease composition having long life at high temperature

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the title composition useful for manufacturing automobiles, slightly evaporating and oxidizing at a high temperature, having excellent shear stability and adhesivity, by blending a base oil containing an alkyl diphenyl ether oil with a specific amount of a specific diurea compound as a thickening agent. CONSTITUTION: A base oil comprising an alkyldiphenyl ether oil an essential component is blended with 2-35wt.% diurea compound shown by the formula [R 1 and R 3 are 6-12C aromatic hydrocarbon or 8-20C straight chain alkyl (the ratio of aromatic hydrocarbon group in R 1 and R 3 is 50-100mol%); R 2 is 6-15C aromatic hydrocarbon] as a thickening agent to give the aimed composition. COPYRIGHT: (C)1989,JPO&Japio

Containing an arylsulfonic acid, a phenol and a naphalenic solvent

Abstract: The remover solution for photoresist layers comprises: (a) from 30 to 70% by weight of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound or a combination of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds having a flash point of 70° C. or higher containing at least a half amount of a naphthalenic compound selected from the group consisting of naphthalene, methyl naphthalenes and dimethyl naphthalenes; (b) from 5 to 40% by weight of a phenolic compound; and (c) from 10 to 50% by weight of an arylsulfonic acid. The remover solution is effective for a variety of photoresist compositions with less problems in respect to the workers' health and danger of fire and explosion than conventional remover solutions.

Process for producing aromatic nitriles or heterocyclic nitriles

Abstract: A process for producing aromatic or hetero­cyclic nitriles, which comprises reacting an alkyl-­substituted aromatic hydrocarbon or an alkyl-substituted heterocyclic compound with ammonia and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising (a) at least one composite oxide selected from the group consisting of a binary composite oxide comprising titanium and silicon, a binary composite oxide comprising titanium and zirconium and a ternary composite oxide comprising titanium, silicon and zirconium, and (b) an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, antimony, bismuth, phosphorus, niobium, iron, nickel, cobalt, manganese and copper.

Process for preparation of allyl type amine

Abstract: An allyl type amine is prepared by reacting an allyl type alcohol represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 independently stand for a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or alicyclic hydrocarbon having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, with at least one member selected from the group consisting of ammonia, a primary amine and a secondary amine in the presence of a palladium compound and a multidentate phosphorus compound.

Enhanced positive secondary ion emission from substituted polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon/sulfuric acid solutions

Abstract: Secondary ion mass spectra of singly substituted aromatic hydrocarbon/H2SO4 solutions showed intense aromatic molecular ion and protonated aromatic molecule peaks characteristic of dissolved aromatic compounds from a number of aromatic compound classes, including acids, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles and nitrogen heterocycles. The presence of simultaneously abundant peaks for molecular ions and protonated molecules in secondary ion mass spectra of each aromatic compound/sulfuric acid solution is consistent with known or expected gas-phase proton transfer chemistry. The ratio of intensities, M+˙:[M + H]+, appears to be determined by sulfuric acid solution chemistry of the compound. Spectra obtained from 1–2 μl samples were relatively free from chemical noise and persisted for up to 20 min. Detection limits for some substituted aromatic compounds are estimated to be 10−12.

Aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted aromatic hydrocarbons to control black sludge in lubricants

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount, ef­ fective to inhibit the accumulation of black sludge in a gasoline fueled internal combustion engine, of an aliphatic hydro­ carbon substituted aromatic hydrocarbon. The aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted aromatic hydrocarbon comprises a com­ pound of the formula Ar-R-(Ar) n , wherein each Ar is independently an aromatic nucleus having from 0 to 3 substituents, R is a hydrocarbyl group, and n is an integer ranging from 1 to about 6. In a further embodiment, the aliphatic hydrocar­ bon substituted aromatic hydrocarbon further comprises from about 1 to about 50 percent by weight of tetrahydronaph­ thalene or hydrocarbyl substituted tetrahydronaphthalenes.

Catalyst for producing aromatic hydrocarbon and production of aromatic hydrocarbon using said catalyst

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain an aromatic hydrocarbon from a hydrocarbon of paraffin type, olefin type and/or acetylene type, etc., in a long catalytic life, by using a catalyst prepared by treating L type zeolite carrying platinum with a halogen- containing compound. CONSTITUTION:L type zeolite carrying 0.1-5.0wt% based on sum of catalyst of platinum is in contact with a halogen-containing compound, preferably fluorine-containing compound or chlorine-containing compound at 80-600 deg.C for 1min-20hr to give a catalyst. One or more hydrocarbons selected from hydrocarbons of paraffin type, olefin type, acetylene type, cyclic paraffin type and cyclic olefin type is brought into contact with the catalyst 350-600 deg.C at 0-30kg/cm G and 0.1-10hr weight space velocity to give an aromatic hydrocarbon useful in the field of petrochemistry in high yield. The hydrocarbon is obtained in extremely high yield even by long-term continuous preparation because the catalyst can be maintained in high activity for a long time.

High-performance kerosine

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a high-performance oil having a faint smell in handling, comprising a hydrocarbon mixture having low contents of a specific aromatic hydrocarbon and methylnaphthalene, low sulfur content and specific physical properties. CONSTITUTION: The aimed kerosine which comprises a hydrocarbon mixture containing ≥90vol% (preferably ≥95vol%) fraction having 170-230°C boiling point and has 0.77-0.82 (preferably 0.78-0.81) specific gravity, 2-10% (preferably 2-5%) aromatic hydrocarbon content, ≤1% 9C aromatic hydrocarbon content, ≤1% methylnaphthalene content, 30-70% (preferably 30-50%) naphthene-based hydrocarbon content, ≤10ppm (preferably ≤3ppm) sulfur content, ≥30 (preferably ≥33) smoke point and ≥50°C flash point. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO&Japio

AZO photoconductor for electrophotography

Abstract: A photoconductor for electrophotography comprises a novel disazo compound as a charge generating substance. A disazo compound is represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein, each of Ar1 and Ar2 stands for an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, both of which may have a substituent(s), each of R1 and R2 stands for an hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or an aryl group, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent(s); and Cp stands for a coupler residual group.

Modified polystyrene, stationary phases for the separation of different aromatic hydrocarbon types by HPLC

Abstract: One possible method of characterizing chemicall-modified stationary phases is to describe their chromatographic properties. In this study we investigated several chemically-modifiedpolystyrene-divinylbenzene packings for the separation of nitroarenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aminosubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons. Chromatography was carried out on commercially available polymer stationary phases, for example C-18 or vinylpyridine modified polystyrene. In addition, a chemically-immobilized polymer packing was prepared by introducing nitrogroups, which were established by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy.

Effluent separation method for aromatic hydrocarbon alkylation process

Abstract: A process for the production of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons uses a light hydrocarbon recycle to reduce the costs of separating an unreacted aromatic feed substrate from aromatic hydrocarbon products. Unreacted aromatic substrate is combined with a light hydrocarbon, such as propane, to form a combined effluent stream. The combined effluent stream enters a flash separator where unreacted aromatic substrate is lifted overhead with the light hydrocarbon while heavier aromatic products are recovered below. The aromatic substrate and light hydrocarbon are easily separated in a simple separation zone. Lifting the aromatic substrate with the light hydrocarbon reduces the volume of aromatic substrate that remains with the aromatic product so that the more energy intensive separation of the aromatic substrate and aromatic product is performed on a reduced volume of material.

Complex acrylates as stabilizer for conjugated diene/monovinyl aromatic copolymers

Abstract: A conjugated diene/monovinyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbon copolymer is stabilized by the addition of a complex acrylate, in combination with at least one of an alkyl thiopropionate, an organic phosphite and a non-acrylate substituted hindered phenolic compound.

Oxidative coupling of aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons with aliphatic and alicyclic substituted aromatic hydrocarbons

Abstract: A catalyst and a process for oxidative coupling of aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbon compounds with aliphatic and alicyclic substituted aromatic hydrocarbon compounds to form a longer substituent hydrocarbon on the aromatic ring. The catalyst is mixed basic metal oxide catalyst, one preferred catalyst is boron/alkali metal promoted metal oxide. Reaction of methane with toluene and oxygen according to this invention results in conversion to styrene.

Metabolic activation of 7-ethyl- and 7-methylbenz[a]anthracene in mouse skin.

Abstract: The carcinogen 7-methylbenz[a]anthracene (7-MBA) is considered to be metabolically activated via its bay-region dihydrodiol-epoxide, trans-3,4-dihydro-3,4-dihydroxy-7-methyl-benz[a]anthracene 1,2-oxide (7-MBA-3,4-diol 1,2-oxide). When tested on mouse skin, a target tissue for polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogenesis, 7-ethylbenz[a]anthracene (7-EBA) was much less active than 7-MBA, and this difference may be due to differences in the pathways by which the two compounds are metabolized and activated. In the present work, the metabolism by mouse-skin microsomes of both hydrocarbons to dihydrodiols has been examined. Both were metabolized to a similar extent with the 8,9-dihydrodiols being detected as the predominant metabolites. The 3,4-, 5,6-and 10,11-dihydrodiols of 7-MBA and the 3,4- and 10, 11-dihydrodiols of 7-EBA, were also detected. 7-MBA was found to bind covalently to microsomal protein at 10 times the level of 7-EBA. The covalent binding of benz[a]anthracene (BA), 7-EBA and 7-MBA to DNA in mouse skin following topical application was determined using the 32P-postlabelling assay. The results correlated with the relative carcinogenic activities of the compounds with 7-MBA binding at five and nine times the level of 7-EBA and BA respectively. For all three hydrocarbons, the major hydrocarbon: 32P-labelled nucleoside bisphosphate, eluted in the same area of the TLC maps, suggesting the involvement of a common type of bay-region dihydrodiol-epoxide intermediate.

Diolefin aromatic compound and production thereof

Abstract: NEW MATERIAL:A diolefin aromatic compound expressed by formula I [Ar is substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group; A is diolefin aromatic compound expressed by formula II (Ar' is Ar; R and R are substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted aryl)]. EXAMPLE:1,4-Bis[4-N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)aminostyryl]benzene. USE:An organic photoconductive raw material for electrophotography and fluorescent whitening agent. PREPARATION:A phosphorus compound expressed by formula III [Y is triphenylphosphonium salt expressed by formula IV (Z ion is halogen ion) or dialkylphosphonate of -PO(OR)2 (R is lower alkyl)] is reacted with an aldehyde expressed by the formula A-CHO to provide the compound expressed by formula I.

Process for preparing 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone

Abstract: 2,3,5-trimethyl-benzoquinone is produced by oxidizing 2,3,6-trimethyl-phenol in the presence of a catalyst of cupric chloride and lithium chloride in a solvent mixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon and a lower aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Fluorine-containing alicyclic and aromatic cyclic compounds, process thereof and adhesive composition containing the compound

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising a photopolymerization initiator or curing agent and the compound represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein M is a divalent organic group comprising at least one substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon group or a divalent organic group comprising at least two substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group may be linked by O, S or CH2 or may form a condensed ring, n is zero or a positive number.

Developing method for printing plates for waterless offset printing with glycol diether containing developer

Abstract: A developing method for printing plates employing waterless offset processes is disclosed. The plates comprise a support coated with a photosensitive layer based on a diazonium salt polycondensation product and a super-imposed ink-repellent, crosslinked silicone elastomer layer, whereby said developer is characterized in that it contains a predominant proportion of compounds of the general formula R--(O--CH2 --CH2 --)n --O--R, where R denotes Cm H2m+1, n denotes an integer from 1 to 25 and m denotes an integer from 1 to 5. The present invention is particularly suitable for developing printing plates where the photosensitive layer comprises a diazonium salt polycondensation product comprising recurrent A--N2 X and B units which are mutually linked by bridge members, especially methylene groups, which are derived from carbonyl compounds capable of condensation, A being the radical of an aromatic diazonium compound capable of condensation with formaldehyde, and B being the radical of a compound which is free of diazonium groups and is capable of condensation with formaldehyde, particularly of an aromatic amine, a phenol, a phenol ether, an aromatic thioether, an aromatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic heterocyclic compound or an organic acid amide.

Synthesis of aryl-substituted aliphatic acids

Abstract: A method for preparation of aryl-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons is disclosed. The method comprises reacting in the presence of a solid superacid resin catalyst an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon in liquid form with an aromatic hydrocarbon that is susceptible to Friedel-Crafts reaction. The reaction between the liquid unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon produces a reaction product comprising an aryl-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon.

Process for the manufacture of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof

Abstract: An improved process for the manufacture of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof is described. The process is based on the reaction of a corresponding aromatic hydrocarbon in a liquid phase oxidation with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst (a) a transition metal salt (b) and traces of a polar solvent, such as water, the molar ratio between (a) and (b) being in the range of between 0.25:1 to 1.5:1. The phase-transfer catalyst is selected from the quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts having a total carbon atoms in the range of 17 to 58, the anion bound thereto being selected from Br - , F - , Cl - , OH - , CH 3 COO - and HSO 4 . Among the aromatic dicarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof the following are mentioned: terephthalic acid; isophthalic acid and methyl terephthalate. The process is characterized by the very high conversion of the respective aromatic hydrocarbon reaching even 100%.