Showing papers on "Aromatic hydrocarbon published in 2009"

Fluorescence Quantum Yield of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Crystals

Abstract: We measured the fluorescence quantum yield (Φf) of several aromatic hydrocarbon crystals: p-terphenyl, trans-stilbene, anthracene, pyrene, and α-perylene. The Φf is reduced by chemical impurities, ...

Organic electroluminescence element, display device and illumination device

Abstract: Provided is an organic electroluminescence element having an anode, a cathode and an organic compound layer sandwiched between the anode and the cathode, provided that the organic compound layer containing at least a phosphorescence dopant and a polymer which contains a partial structure represented by Formula (1), and a terminal end of the polymer is end-capped, wherein the phosphorescence dopant is a metal complex containing a ligand composed of a 5 or six membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a 5 or six membered aromatic heterocyclic group which is bonded to a five membered nitrogen containing aromatic heterocyclic group: Formula (1)

Actions of Mycobacterium sp. strain AP1 on the saturated- and aromatic-hydrocarbon fractions of fuel oil in a marine medium.

Abstract: The pyrene-degrading Mycobacterium sp. strain AP1 grew in nutrient-supplemented artificial seawater with a heavy fuel oil as the sole carbon source, causing the complete removal of all linear (C(12) to C(40)) and branched alkanes from the aliphatic fraction, as well as an extensive degradation of the three- and four-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) phenanthrene (95%), anthracene (80%), fluoranthene (80%), pyrene (75%), and benzo(a)anthracene (30%). Alkylated PAHs, which are more abundant in crude oils than the nonsubstituted compounds, were selectively attacked at extents that varied from more than 90% for dimethylnaphthalenes, methylphenanthrenes, methylfluorenes, and methyldibenzothiophenes to about 30% for monomethylated fluoranthenes/pyrenes and trimethylated phenanthrenes and dibenzothiophenes. Identification of key metabolites indicated the utilization of phenanthrene, pyrene, and fluoranthene by known assimilatory metabolic routes, while other components were cooxidized. Detection of mono- and dimethylated phthalic acids demonstrated ring cleavage and further oxidation of alkyl PAHs. The extensive degradation of the alkanes, the two-, three-, and four-ring PAHs, and their 1-, 2-, and 3-methyl derivatives from a complex mixture of hydrocarbons by Mycobacterium sp. strain AP1 illustrates the great substrate versatility of alkane- and PAH-degrading mycobacteria.

Compound, optical film and process for producing optical film

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel compound which gives an optical film capable of uniformly performing polarization conversion in a broad wavelength region. SOLUTION: The compound includes a divalent group represented by formula (1) [wherein Q 1 to Q 4 are each -CR 1 = or -N=; T 1 is -O-, -S-, -C(=O)- or -NR 2 -; Y 1 is a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group, a monocyclic aromatic heterocycle or the like; D 1 and D 2 are each a single bond or a divalent connecting group; G 1 and G 2 are each a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the hydrogen present in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a halogen, a 1-4C alkyl group or the like, and the -CH 2 - present in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with -O-, -S- or -NH-]. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Determination of HCl and VOC Emission from Thermal Degradation of PVC in the Absence and Presence of Copper, Copper(II) Oxide and Copper(II) Chloride

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has played a key role in the development of the plastic industry over the past 40 years. Thermal degradation of PVC leads to formation of many toxic pollutants such as HCl, aromatic and volatile organic carbon vapors. Thermal degradation of PVC and PVC in the present of copper, cupric oxide and copper(II) chloride were investigated in this study using a laboratory scale electrical furnace. HCl and Cl- ion were analyzed by a Dionex ion chromatograph and VOCs compounds were analyzed using GC or GC-MS. The results showed that HCl plus Cl- ion and benzene formed about 99% and 80% respectively in the first step of thermal degradation under air atmosphere. The presence of cupric oxide increases the percentage of short chain hydrocarbons more than 184% and decreases the amount of the major aromatic hydrocarbon and HCl plus Cl- ion to 90% and 65% respectively. The total aromatic hydrocarbon emitted less than when atmosphere was air and difference was statistically significant (Pvalue<0.000)

1,3,5-triazine derivative, process for producing same, and organic electroluminescent element comprising same as constituent component

Abstract: A 1,3,5-triazine derivative represented by the formula (1): wherein R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; Ar1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group; Ar2 represents an C1-4 alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted aromatic 6-membered heterocyclic group having one or two nitrogen atoms, which may be a condensed ring compound. An organic electroluminescent device comprising the 1,3,5-triazine derivative exhibits low power consumption and long lifetime.

Method for preparing ethylene and propylene and co-producing p-xylene through methanol/dimethyl ether conversion

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing ethylene and propylene and co-producing p-xylene through methanol/dimethyl ether conversion. The method adopts a silanization-modified zeolite catalyst to co-produce p-xylene as a main component in aromatic hydrocarbon while preparing ethylene and propylene through methanol conversion. The overall selectivity of ethylene, propylene and p-xylene in hydrocarbon products is more than 80 percent by weight. The selectivity of p-xylene in xylene isomers is more than 99 percent by weight.

Organic material and use thereof in organic EL device

Abstract: The invention relates to an organic material and an organic light-emitting device containing the material. The structural formula of the material is shown in the right, wherein, Ar is chosen from sub-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with 6-30 of carbon atoms or is chosen from sub-fused heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with 6-30 of carbon atoms; R1-R8 are respectively and independently chosen from alkyl with 1-4 of hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms, aromatic group with 6-24 carbon atoms, heterocyclic aryl with 6-24 carbon atoms; and n is chosen from integers of 2 to 4. The organic material can be used as electronic transmission matrix in the organic light-emitting device.

High-temperature bonding composition, substrate bonding method, and 3-D semiconductor device

Abstract: A high-temperature bonding composition comprising a silicon base polymer as a thermosetting binder is provided. The silicon base polymer is obtained from dehydrolytic condensation of a condensate precursor comprising a silane compound having at least one pair of silicon atoms tied by a crosslink composed of an aliphatic hydrocarbon, heterocyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon group, and having at least three hydroxyl and/or hydrolyzable groups. Those silicon atoms having a direct bond to the crosslink composed of the aliphatic hydrocarbon, heterocyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon group are present in a proportion of at least 90 mol % relative to all silicon atoms in the polymer.

Process for the conversion of lower alkanes to aromatic hydrocarbons and ethylene

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated process for producing ethylene and aromatic hydrocarbons, specifically benzene, which comprises: (a) contacting a mixed lower alkane feed with an aromatic hydrocarbon conversion catalyst to produce a product mixture which is comprised of aromatic reaction products including benzene, unreacted ethane and non-aromatic products, (b) separating and recovering the benzene and any other aromatic reaction products, (c) separating and recovering the ethane, and (d) introducing the ethane into a cracker to produce ethylene.

Integrated process for the production of P-xylene

Abstract: A process of making p-xylcne comprising processing a mixed feedstock containing benzene, toluene, C 8 aromatic hydrocarbons, C 9 and higher aromatic hydrocarbons, and non-aromatic hydrocarbons through a series of operations and various units, including a C 9 and higher aromatic hydrocarbon dealkylation unit, a toluene selective disproportionate unit, an adsorption separation unit, an isomerization unit, and a crystallization separation unit.

Effect of temperature on the formation and degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Abstract: Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds which are catagorised as pollutants with carcinogens, and mutagenic characteristics. Scientifically, incomplete combustion and petroleum compounds emission were proven as a major source of PAHs. Thermal degradation of PAHs is one of the methods to destroy the pollutants as well as their hazardous by-products. During thermal treatment process, formation and/or degradation of PAHs is related to their chemical structural stability and rate of degradation. Summarized, PAHs with four or more rings are formed at low-temperature thermal treatment, and only the ones with less than 4 rings are degraded. High-temperature thermal treatment generally forms PAHs with 4 rings or less and degrades 5 rings or more. Due to environmental and human health considerations, thermal treatment of PAHs should be designed to completely degrade or destroy the pollutants as well as their hazardous byproducts. High-temperature thermal treatment and liquid extraction are effective in the treatment of PAHs, but expensive. A cheap alternative treatment method such as optimization of low temperature treatment perhaps combined with catalysis needs to be developed in order to reduce PAHs formation and increase their degradation simultaneously.

Dichroic dye, light-absorbing anisotropic film, polarizer and method for producing the same, and display device

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new dichroic dye having a high dichroic ratio and a light-absorbing anisotropic film. SOLUTION: The light-absorbing anisotropic film includes a dichroic dye composition which contains at least one kind selected from liquid crystalline azo dyes expressed by general formula (1) and general formula (2) and which contains no liquid crystalline non-coloring compound. In the formulae, R 1 to R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; R 6 and R 7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent; Q 1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group or a cyclohexane cyclic group which may have a substituent; L 1 represents a divalent linking group; and A represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. In formula (2), R 8 and R 9 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent; Q 2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent; Q 3 represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group which may have a substituent; and n represents an integer of 1 to 4, and when n is 2 or more, a plurality of Q 3 may be identical with or different from each other. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Characterization of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria Isolated from Pine Litter

Abstract: Using a novel pine needle agar, fifteen bacterial species were isolated from pine litter. These bacteria were able to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons derived from lignin and utilize the ortho-cleavage of the β-ketoadipate pathway to degrade protocatechuate or catechol. A different utilization array of aromatic hydrocarbons by these bacteria was also determined. This study provides the information on bacterial species living in pine litter and suggests that these bacteria have metabolic abilities to utilize aromatic hydrocarbons derived from lignin biodegradation.

Method of producing para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of efficiently producing a high-purity para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon while suppressing caulking without requiring isomerization-adsorption separation steps, and more particularly to a method of producing a para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, characterized in that a methylating agent and an aromatic hydrocarbon are reacted in the presence of a catalyst formed by coating MFI type zeolite having a particle size of not more than 100 μm with a crystalline silicate.

Decomposition of gas-phase aromatic hydrocarbons by applying an annular-type reactor coated with sulfur-doped photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Unlike many water pollution applications, visible-light-driven photocatalysis of gas-phase pollutants has been reported only rarely. The present study was performed to investigate the feasibility of applying S-doped visible-light-induced TiO2 to treat gas-phase aromatic hydrocarbons, using a continuous air-flow annular-type reactor. RESULTS: The prepared S-enhanced TiO2 powders, along with a commercially available TiO2 powder (Degussa P-25), were characterized using diffuse reflectance UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetry (TG) analyses. A photocatalytic activity test exhibited an increasing trend in degradation reaction rates with increase in flow rate but a decreasing trend in terms of degradation efficiencies. Several experimental conditions induced reasonably high decomposition efficiencies with respect to toluene, ethyl benzene and o,m,p-xylenes (close to or above 90%), although benzene exhibited a somewhat lower decomposition efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: The S-doped TiO2 and undoped P25 TiO2 powders exhibited different catalyst characteristics. The results demonstrate that an annular-type reactor coated with visible-light-activated S-doped TiO2 can serve as an effective tool to treat gas-phase aromatic hydrocarbon streams. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry

Composition, film and process for producing the film

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition capable of giving a film which enables uniform polarization conversion in a broad wavelength region. SOLUTION: The composition includes a compound represented by formula (1): P 1 -F 1 -(-B 1 -A 1 -) k -E 1 -G 1 -D 1 -Ar-D 2 -G 2 -E 2 -(-A 2 -B 2 -) l -F 2 -P 2 (wherein Ar is a divalent group having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon rings and aromatic heterocycles and the number N π of π electrons present in the aromatic ring of the group Ar is not less than 12; D 1 and D 2 are each a divalent organic group; G 1 and G 2 are each a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group; E 1 , E 2 , B 1 and B 2 are each a divalent organic group; A 1 and A 2 are each a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group or a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group; k and l are each an integer of 0-3) and a chiral agent. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Emission characterization and ambient chemical reactivity of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)from coking processes

Abstract: Canister sampling and GC-MS analysis were employed to test the concentration and chemical speciation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)at the top of a 58-IIand a JN43-80 coke oven during the coking processThe relative reactivity of each VOC species on OH radical loss is discussed based on the resultsAccording to the measurement results,the concentrations of total volatile organic compounds(TVOCs)from the coaling and coking processes in the 58-II coke oven were 7022 μg·m-3 and 6266 μg·m-3,respectively;while the concentrations of TVOCs from the JN43-80 coke oven were 4185 μg·m-3 and 3298 μg·m-3,respectivelyThe concentration of TVOCs from the coaling process is significantly higher than that of cokingThe VOC species in coke oven gas are alkenes,alkanes,aromatic hydrocarbons,chloroalkanes and some aldehydes and ketones,among which ethylene,ethane,propene,benzene and toluene are the major VOC speciesThe reactivities of these compounds are differentThe most reactive species are alkene and aromatic hydrocarbonsThe alkene reactivity accounts for 862%±21% of the TVOC reactivity;the aromatic hydrocarbon reactivity accounts for 92%±31% of the TVOC reactivityThe five most reactive species are propene,ethylene,1,3-butadiene,1-butene and styrene

Brominated flame retardants and precursors therefor

Abstract: Described are a particular group of novel aromatic hydrocarbon telomers that, on bromination, result in the formation of novel flame retardants having a uniquely beneficial combination of properties. The resultant flame retardants and uses thereof are also described. The disclosure includes descriptions of methods for preparing both the aromatic hydrocarbon telomers and the brominated flame retardant polymers.

Method for detection and analysis of aromatic hydrocarbons from water

Abstract: Methods for analyzing aromatic hydrocarbons dissolved in water are discussed. The methods include providing a substrate coated with a thin film layer of a material, wherein the material has a high affinity for at least one aromatic hydrocarbon, the material is substantially optically transparent, and the material has near-zero auto fluorescence, inserting the coated substrate directly into an environmental location including water, waiting for an exposure time permitting at least one aromatic hydrocarbon to absorb into the thin film layer, retrieving the coated substrate from the environmental location, removing any non-absorbed matter from the coated substrate, and performing fluorescence analysis on the coated substrate to detect aromatic hydrocarbons present in the thin film layer. Also methods for analyzing aromatic hydrocarbons dissolved in water contained in coated vessels are provided.

Insulating film material, multilayer wiring board and production method thereof, and semiconductor device and production method thereof

Abstract: An insulating film material, which contains a polycarbosilane compound expressed by the following structural formula 1; where R 1 may be the same or different to each other in the unit repeated “n” times, and each represents C1-4 hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbon; R 2 may be the same or different to each other in the unit repeated “n” times, and each represents C1-4 hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbon; n is an integer of 5 to 5,000.