Topic
Aromatic hydrocarbon
About: Aromatic hydrocarbon is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5814 publications have been published within this topic receiving 55499 citations. The topic is also known as: arene & arenes.
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TL;DR: In this paper, high concentrated phenolic with trace acid and acetaldehyde with methanol over ZSM-5 catalyst had been studied in this work and showed that temperature played vital function and leaded to increasing gas yield but less catalyst coking.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this article, three co-feeders, i.e., methanol, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and calcium formate, were employed for comparative pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) experiments to evaluate their hydrogen supply abilities.
Abstract: Catalytic fast pyrolysis of pine over HZSM-5 was conducted with different hydrogen-rich co-feeders aiming at increasing the production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) while suppressing the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Three co-feeders, i.e., methanol, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and calcium formate, were employed for comparative pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) experiments to evaluate their hydrogen supply abilities. The results indicated that calcium formate exhibited the best ability to substantially promote the conversion of biomass into MAHs. Under the optimal conditions of a calcium formate : pine ratio of 3 : 1 at 650 °C, the yields of MAHs and PAHs were 10.65 wt% and 1.94 wt% respectively, compared with 9.23 wt% and 2.49 wt% without calcium formate, respectively. Moreover, laboratory-scale catalytic fast pyrolysis experiments were performed to examine the pyrolytic product and aromatic hydrocarbon distribution at different calcium formate to pine ratios and pyrolysis temperatures. The yields of MAHs and PAHs were 7.80 wt% and 1.70 wt% in the absence of calcium formate, which were then increased to 9.45 wt% and 1.14 wt% respectively under the optimal conditions of 650 °C and a calcium formate : pine ratio of 1 : 2. A catalyst stability test was also conducted to confirm that calcium formate helped maintain the catalyst activity. In addition, the possible hydrogen supply mechanism of calcium formate was speculated.
49 citations
49 citations
Patent•
26 Jul 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, methods and apparatus for remediating metal contaminants using hydrocarbons which stimulate the growth of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria are disclosed for applications such as the remediation of heavy metals, the mitigation of arsenic impacted surface water, groundwater and/or soil, and the treatment of spent metal plating solutions.
Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for remediating metal contaminants using hydrocarbons which stimulate the growth of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria. The metal contaminants may include heavy metals such as arsenic, antimony, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, iron, manganese, magnesium, radium, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium and zinc. The hydrocarbon may include alkanes, alkenes, Aalkynes, poly(alkene)s, poly(alkyne)s, aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbon polymers and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Butane is a particularly suitable hydrocarbon which stimulates the growth of butane-utilizing bacteria. Remediation may occur in-situ or ex-situ, and may occur under aerobic, anaerobic or dual aerobic/anaerobic conditions. Examples of applications include the remediation of heavy metals, the remediation of arsenic impacted surface water, groundwater and/or soil, the remediation of acid mine drainage, and the treatment of spent metal plating solutions.
48 citations
TL;DR: The results indicated that lower PAH and NPAH emissions were observed with improved emission standards, especially for China 3 to China 5 vehicles (P < 0.05), and higher emission factors (EFs) were detected on nonhighway roads than on highway roads due to incomplete combustion.
48 citations