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Asbestos Mining
About: Asbestos Mining is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 104 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5084 citations.
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TL;DR: In a majority of cases of diffuse pleural mesothelioma, all but one have a probable exposure to crocidolite asbestos (Cape blue) in the Asbestos Hills which lie to the west of Kimberley in the north west of Cape Province.
Abstract: Primary malignant tumours of the pleura are uncommon Thirty-three cases (22 males, 11 females, ages 31 to 68) of diffuse pleural mesothelioma are described; all but one have a probable exposure to crocidolite asbestos (Cape blue) In a majority this exposure was in the Asbestos Hills which lie to the west of Kimberley in the north west of Cape Province The tumour is rarely seen elsewhere in South Africa
1,598 citations
448 citations
Johns Hopkins University1, University of Utah2, Fox Chase Cancer Center3, University of Michigan4, Roswell Park Cancer Institute5, Brigham and Women's Hospital6, Duke University7, Washington University in St. Louis8, City of Hope National Medical Center9, Vanderbilt University10, University of California, San Francisco11, University Of Tennessee System12, University of Nebraska–Lincoln13, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center14, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center15, Harvard University16, Stanford University17, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance18, University of Alabama19, Ohio State University20, Northwestern University21, University of South Florida22
TL;DR: These NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) focus on malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), which is the most common type.
Abstract: malignant pleural mesothelioma is a relatively uncommon disease associated with asbestos exposure. its incidence increased markedly following the widespread mining and use of asbestos in many industries. the legal aspects regarding compensation cases for those who have developed this disease has raised its profile in the media, but also compounds the stress of diagnosis for patients. it has an insidious onset and may clinically and pathologically mimic other benign or malignant processes, complicating diagnosis. radical surgery may be used for a highly selected population of malignant pleural mesothelioma patients in the context of multimodality treatment in an experienced thoracic surgical centre, but there is no randomised evidence to support its benefit. in most cases surgery is used to treat symptoms or obtain tissue for diagnosis. Combination of a platinum agent and pemetrexed is now widely used and shown to prolong life. other treatments including radiotherapy, analgesics and supportive interventions are an integral part of the treatment of this disease. Further research is being undertaken on promising novel therapies for use in this disease, which will be discussed in this review. malignant pleural mesothelioma (mpm) is a neoplasm originating from mesothelial cells, which form the membranes surrounding the lung cavities. it is currently a disease mainly of the industrialised world, closely linked to asbestos exposure.1 seldom diagnosed prior to the advent of widespread asbestos mining in the early to mid twentieth century, it has risen in incidence over the last five decades.2, 3 according to the most recent australian institute of health and Welfare data, in 2009 there were 666 cases of malignant mesothelioma diagnosed in australia.4 this review will provide a brief overview of the diagnosis, current treatment modalities and some novel systemic treatment strategies that have been explored in mpm. Asbestos and malignant mesothelioma mpm is a disease with particular relevance to australia. Asbestos was first mined in Australia in the 1880s near Jones Creek, a town in nsW.5 it was not until the late 1940s when the insulating properties of asbestos rendered it a useful product in the building industry during the post war building boom, and subsequent demand for asbestos saw mining production rise exponentially in mines in nsW, tasmania, south australia and Western australia.5 there has also been widespread exposure within the building and transport industries in which asbestos was broadly utilised.6 Asbestos mining ended in Australia in 1983, and it is expected that malignant mesothelioma related to occupational exposure will plateau in the coming decade. in a Western Australian study, however, a significant increase was noted in the number of people being diagnosed with malignant meosthelioma whose only exposure to asbestos must have occurred in a non-occupational setting (most likely during home maintenance and renovation). Between 2005 and 2008, 8% of males and 5% of females diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma in this series reported non-occupational exposure as their only exposure to asbestos.6 these observations ask for confirmation in a case-controlled epidemiological study.
393 citations
01 Jul 1977
308 citations
TL;DR: There is no evidence of a threshold level below which there is no risk of mesothelioma, and this "natural level" is probably much lower than the 1-2/million/year which has been often cited.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To estimate the importance of low dose exposure to asbestos on the risk of mesothelioma. METHODS: A review of the literature. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence of a threshold level below which there is no risk of mesothelioma. Low level exposure more often than not contains peak concentrations which can be very high for short periods. There might exist a background level of mesothelioma occurring in the absence of exposure ot asbestos, but there is no proof of this and this "natural level" is probably much lower than the 1- 2/million/year which has been often cited.
242 citations