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Atom-transfer radical-polymerization
About: Atom-transfer radical-polymerization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7925 publications have been published within this topic receiving 292187 citations.
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6,927 citations
4,185 citations
TL;DR: The current status and future perspectives in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) are presented in this paper, with a special emphasis on mechanistic understanding of ATRP, recent synthetic and process development, and new controlled polymer architectures enabled by ATRP.
Abstract: Current status and future perspectives in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) are presented. Special emphasis is placed on mechanistic understanding of ATRP, recent synthetic and process development, and new controlled polymer architectures enabled by ATRP. New hybrid materials based on organic/inorganic systems and natural/synthetic polymers are presented. Some current and forthcoming applications are described.
2,188 citations
TL;DR: An extension of ATRA to atom transfer radical addition, ATRP, provided a new and efficient way to conduct controlled/living radical polymerization as mentioned in this paper, using a simple alkyl halide, R-X (X = Cl and Br), as an initiator and a transition metal species complexed by suitable ligand(s), M t n /L x, e.g., CuX/2,2'-bipyridine, as a catalyst.
Abstract: An extension of atom transfer radical addition, ATRA, to atom transfer radical polymerization, ATRP, provided a new and efficient way to conduct controlled/living radical polymerization. By using a simple alkyl halide, R-X (X = Cl and Br), as an initiator and a transition metal species complexed by suitable ligand(s), M t n /L x , e.g., CuX/2,2'-bipyridine, as a catalyst, ATRP of vinyl monomers such as styrenes and (meth)acrylates proceeded in a living fashion, yielding polymers with degrees of polymerization predetermined by Δ[M]/[I] 0 up to M n ≃ 10 5 and low polydispersities, 1.1 < M w /M n < 1.5. The participation of free radical intermediates was supported by analysis of the end groups and the stereochemistry of the polymerization. The general principle and the mechanism of ATRP are elucidated. Various factors affecting the ATRP process are discussed.
1,628 citations
26 Jul 2002
TL;DR: Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and Thomas P. Davis as discussed by the authors discussed the fundamental concepts and history of living radical polymers and their application in industrial applications and processes.
Abstract: Introduction (Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and Thomas P. Davis). Contributors. 1. Theory of Radical Reactions (Johan P. A. Heuts). 2. Small Radical Chemistry (Martin Newcomb). 3. General Chemistry of Radical Polymerization (Bunichiro Yamada and Per B. Zetterlund). 4. The Kinetics of Free Radical Polymerization (Christopher Barner-Kowollik, Philipp Vana, and Thomas P. Davis). 5. Copolymerization Kinetics (Michelle L. Coote and Thomas P. Davis). 6. Heterogeneous Systems (Alex M. van Herk and Michael Monteiro). 7. Industrial Applications and Processes (Michael Cunningham and Robin Hutchinson). 8. General Concepts and History of Living Radical Polymerization (Krzysztof Matyjaszewski). 9. Kinetics of Living Radical Polymerization (Takeshi Fukuda, Atsushi Goto, and Yoshinobu Tsujii). 10. Nitroxide Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (Craig J. Hawker). 11. Fundamentals of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and Jianhui Xia). 12. Control of Free Radical Polymerization by Chain Transfer Methods (John Chiefari and Ezio Rizzardo). 13. Control of Stereochemistry of Polymers in Radical Polymerization (Akikazu Matsumoto). 14. Macromolecular Engineering by Controlled Radical Polymerization (Yves Gnanou and Daniel Taton). 15. Experimental Procedures and Techniques for Radical Polymerization (Stefan A. F. Bon and David M. Haddleton). 16. Future Outlook and Perspectives (Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and Thomas P. Davis). Index.
1,407 citations