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Attentional blink

About: Attentional blink is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1346 publications have been published within this topic receiving 53064 citations. The topic is also known as: Attentional blinks.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The AB effect can predict the lowest flight performance score in military pilots and may have implications for the grounding and selection of Chinese military pilots.
Abstract: Objective In flight, military pilots need to monitor changes in the external environment and monitor the situation of the aircraft at the same time. Attentional blink (AB) reflects attentional blindness in time. Therefore, the present study investigated the AB effect in military pilots and its relationship with flight performance. Methods Thirty male military pilots (44.23 ± 4.07 years old) and 29 control participants (44.07 ± 2.93 years old) underwent testing with the classic rapid serial visual presentation paradigm. The participants' accuracy in detecting a second target stimulus (T2/T1) on the basis of their correctly response to the first target stimulus (T1) was calculated to measure the AB effect. The flight performance of these military pilots was also collected. Results The participants' accuracy in detecting T2/T1 at positions of 180, 270, 360, and 450 ms was significantly lower than that in detecting T1 in both groups. The military pilots' detection accuracy of T2/T1 at the positions of 180 ms (p < 0.001) and 270 ms (p < 0.001) was significantly higher than that of the control participants, and their mean detection accuracy of T2/T1 (AB effect) at the positions of 180, 270, 360, and 450 ms was also significantly higher than that of the control participants (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the AB effect and the lowest flight performance score for the military pilots (r = 0.52, p = 0.004), and the regression coefficient was significant (β = 0.514, p = 0.004, R2 = 0.31). Conclusions Both groups experienced the AB effect, but the military pilots' performance regarding the AB effect was better than that of the control participants. The AB effect can predict the lowest flight performance score in military pilots. These findings may have implications for the grounding and selection of Chinese military pilots.

7 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of both experiments suggest that letters matching either attentional control setting were selected by attention and were processed as if they were targets, providing strong evidence that both Attentional control settings were applied globally, rather than being constrained to a particular location.
Abstract: Recent evidence suggests that people can simultaneously activate attentional control setting for two distinct colors. However, it is unclear whether both attentional control settings must operate globally across the visual field or whether each can be constrained to a particular spatial location. Using two different paradigms, we investigated participants’ ability to apply independent color attentional control settings to distinct regions of space. In both experiments, participants were told to identify red letters in one hemifield and green letters in the opposite hemifield. Additionally, some trials used a “relevant distractor”—a letter that matched the opposite side’s target color. In Experiment 1, eight letters appeared (four per hemifield) simultaneously for a brief amount of time and then were masked. Relevant distractors increased the error rate and resulted in a greater number of distractor intrusions than irrelevant distractors. Similar results were observed in Experiment 2 in which red and green targets were presented in two rapid serial visual presentation streams. Relevant distractors were found to produce an attentional blink similar in magnitude to an actual target. The results of both experiments suggest that letters matching either attentional control setting were selected by attention and were processed as if they were targets, providing strong evidence that both attentional control settings were applied globally, rather than being constrained to a particular location.

7 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Under conditions of reduced attention in an attentional blink task, prioritized detection of faces associated with negative as compared to neutral person knowledge was observed, whereas facial trustworthiness did not affect detection, and only person knowledge impacted the access to consciousness.

7 citations

Dissertation
01 Jul 2008
TL;DR: This thesis extends a previously published neural network model of working memory and temporal attention (ST2 model) that was designed to simulate human behaviour during the attentional blink to provide a powerful tool for both experimental design and the validation of cognitive models.
Abstract: This thesis proposes a connection between computational modelling of cognition and cognitive electrophysiology. We extend a previously published neural network model of working memory and temporal attention (Simultaneous Type Serial Token (ST2 ) model ; Bowman & Wyble, 2007) that was designed to simulate human behaviour during the attentional blink, an experimental nding that seems to illustrate the temporal limits of conscious perception in humans. Due to its neural architecture, we can utilise the ST2 model's functionality to produce so-called virtual event-related potentials (virtual ERPs) by averaging over activation proles of nodes in the network. Unlike predictions from textual models, the virtual ERPs from the ST2 model allow us to construe formal predictions concerning the EEG signal and associated cognitive processes in the human brain. The virtual ERPs are used to make predictions and propose explanations for the results of two experimental studies during which we recorded the EEG signal from the scalp of human participants. Using various analysis techniques, we investigate how target items are processed by the brain depending on whether they are presented individually or during the attentional blink. Particular emphasis is on the P3 component, which is commonly regarded as an EEG correlate of encoding items into working memory and thus seems to re ect conscious perception. Our ndings are interpreted to validate the ST2 model and competing theories of the attentional blink. Virtual ERPs also allow us to make predictions for future experiments. Hence, we show how virtual ERPs from the ST2 model provide a powerful tool for both experimental design and the validation of cognitive models.

7 citations

01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this article, fixed-links models were used to disentangle the processes underlying the performance of 66 female and 52 male volunteers on an attentional blink task. And the results support the assumptions that more processes than only one are involved in AB.
Abstract: Attentional blink (AB) denotes the impairment in identifying a target when this target follows a preceding target after about 150 to 500 msec. Several models explain AB and some studies suggest that more processes than only one are involved in AB. Therefore, confounding effects of these underlying processes might be the reason why previous studies could not observe a relationship between AB and psychometric intelligence. In the present study, fixed-links models were used to disentangle the processes underlying the performance of 66 female and 52 male volunteers on an AB task. In accordance with theoretical explanations of AB, three latent variables with loadings describing a linearly increasing, a linearly decreasing and a u-shaped trend described the data well. Psychometric intelligence was related to the latent variables reflected by the u-shaped (β = .30; p < .05) and the linearly increasing trends (β = .23; p < .05) but not to the latent variable reflected by the linearly decreasing trend (β = .10; n.s.). These results support the assumptions that more processes than only one are involved in AB. Decomposition of the underlying processes seems to be promising to investigate intelligence-related individual differences on this early level of information processing.

7 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202312
202266
202148
202043
201945
201840