Topic
Attentional blink
About: Attentional blink is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1346 publications have been published within this topic receiving 53064 citations. The topic is also known as: Attentional blinks.
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TL;DR: It is shown that cuing is not interrupted by a distractor intervening between the cue and T2, and this findings provide evidence for a contingent, delayed selection account of the AB.
Abstract: In a previous study, it was shown that the attentional blink (AB)—the failure to recall the 2nd of 2 visual targets (T1 and T2) presented within 500 ms in rapid serial visual presentation—is reduced when T2 is preceded by a distractor that shares a feature with T2 (e.g., color; Nieuwenstein, Chun, van der Lubbe & Hooge, 2005). Here, this cuing effect is shown to be contingent on attentional set. For example, a red distractor letter preceding a green digit T2 is an effective cue when the task is to look for red and green digits, but the same red cue is relatively ineffective when the task is to look for only green digits or when the color of T2 is not specified. It is also shown that cuing is not interrupted by a distractor intervening between the cue and T2. These findings provide evidence for a contingent, delayed selection account of the AB.
90 citations
TL;DR: The authors showed that nonspatial attentional selection is subject to capture by top-down attentional control, but only if the eliciting stimulus matches topdown control settings and control settings can vary in specificity, and this effect does not reflect masking or dispersion of spatial attention.
Abstract: Previous studies have shown that spatial attention can be “captured” by irrelevant events, but only if the eliciting stimulus matches top-down attentional control settings. Here we explore whether similar principles hold for nonspatial attentional selection. Subjects searched for a coloured target letter embedded in an RSVP stream of letters inside a box centred on fixation. On critical trials, a distractor, consisting of a brief change in the colour of the box, occurred at various temporal lags prior to the target. In Experiment 1, the distractor produced a decrement in target detection, but only when it matched the target colour. Experiments 2 and 3 provide evidence that this effect does not reflect masking or the dispersion of spatial attention. The results establish that (1) nonspatial selection is subject to “capture”, (2) such capture is contingent on top-down attentional control settings, and (3) control settings for nonspatial capture can vary in specificity.
90 citations
TL;DR: Under conditions of limited attention resources activation in rACC correlated with enhanced processing of emotional stimuli, and it is suggested that these data support a model in which a prefrontal “gate” mechanism controls conscious access of emotional information under conditions oflimited attentional resources.
Abstract: The ability to process stimuli that convey potential threat, under conditions of
limited attentional resources, confers adaptive advantages. This study examined the
neurobiology underpinnings of this capacity. Employing an attentional blink
paradigm, in conjunction with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we
manipulated the salience of the second of two face target stimuli (T2), by varying
emotionality. Behaviourally, fearful T2 faces were identified significantly more than
neutral faces. Activity in fusiform face area (FFA) increased with correct
identification of T2 faces. Enhanced activity in rostral anterior cingulate cortex
(rACC) accounted for the benefit in detection of fearful stimuli reflected in a
significant interaction between target valence and correct identification. Thus,
under conditions of limited attention resources activation in rACC correlated with
enhanced processing of emotional stimuli. We suggest that these data support a
model in which a prefrontal “gate” mechanism controls conscious access of
emotional information under conditions of limited attentional resources.
90 citations
TL;DR: The findings suggest that PRP and AB arise from similar cortical stages, can occur with the same exact stimuli, and are merely distinguished by trial-by-trial fluctuations in task processing.
88 citations
TL;DR: The results constrain theories of the attentional blink and indicate that temporal selection varies along at least three dissociable dimensions: efficacy, latency, and precision.
Abstract: How does temporal selection work, and along whatdimensionsdoesitvaryfromoneinstancetothenext? We explored these questions using a phenomenon in which temporal selection goes awry. In the attentional blink, subjects fail to report the second of a pair of targets (T1 and T2) when they are presented at stimulus onset asyn- chronies (SOAs) of roughly 200 to 500 ms. We directly tested the properties of temporal selection during the blink by analyzing distractor intrusions at a fast rate of item presentation.Ouranalysisshowsthatattentionalselection is (a) suppressed, (b) delayed, and (c) diffused in time during the attentional blink. These effects are dissociated by their time course: The measure of each effect returns to thebaselinevalueatadifferentSOA.Ourresultsconstrain theoriesoftheattentionalblinkandindicatethattemporal selectionvariesalongatleastthreedissociabledimensions: efficacy, latency, and precision.
88 citations