Topic
Attentional blink
About: Attentional blink is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1346 publications have been published within this topic receiving 53064 citations. The topic is also known as: Attentional blinks.
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TL;DR: It is inferred that a voluntary blink is accompanied by a suppression that fills in the blackout that would otherwise be perceived.
51 citations
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TL;DR: The effects suggest that blinks occur when attentional processes wane, and that blink latencies were shorter in the Task group than in the No-Task group.
Abstract: This experiment evaluated the association between blinking and cognitive activities Subjects received 200 and 400 ms tones (1 KHz) at fixed intervals in a duration discrimination paradigm One group (“Task”) was instructed to respond to the stimuli on the basis of duration and another (“No-Task”) was instructed to ignore the stimuli Blink activity (latency, rate, duration) and performance (RT, hit and false alarm rates) measures were evaluated
A first analysis (Task subjects only) indicated that stimulus duration had significant effects on RT and blink latency; both were generally longer following the 400-ms than the 200-ms stimuli In a second analysis, involving Task and No-Task subjects, blink latencies were shorter in the Task group Blink and eyelid closure durations increased over the task period in both analyses These effects suggest that blinks occur when attentional processes wane
51 citations
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TL;DR: The authors conclude that temporal selection and spatial selection rely on a common attentional process.
Abstract: Both spatial and temporal selection require focused attention. The authors examine how temporal attention affects spatial selection. In a dual-task rapid serial visual presentation paradigm, temporal selection of a target (T1) impairs processing of a second target (T2) that follows T1 within 500 ms. This process is the attentional blink (AB). To test the effects of withdrawing temporal attention, the authors measured concurrent distractor interference on T2 when the distractors were presented during and outside of the AB. Perceptual interference was manipulated by the similarity in color between T2 and concurrent distractors, and response interference was manipulated by the flanker congruency task. Results showed that perceptual interference was larger during the AB. Response interference also increased during the AB, but only when perceptual interference was high. The authors conclude that temporal selection and spatial selection rely on a common attentional process.
51 citations
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TL;DR: It is proposed that striatal dopamine may determine the attentional blink by regulating the threshold for working memory updating, providing a testable physiological basis for this deficit in gating rapidly changing visual information.
Abstract: Our outside world changes continuously, for example, when driving through traffic. An important question is how our brain deals with this constant barrage of rapidly changing sensory input and flexibly selects only newly goal-relevant information for further capacity-limited processing in working memory. The challenge our brain faces is experimentally captured by the attentional blink (AB): an impairment in detecting the second of two target stimuli presented in close temporal proximity among distracters. Many theories have been proposed to explain this deficit in processing goal-relevant information, with some attributing the AB to capacity limitations related to encoding of the first target and others assigning a critical role to on-line selection mechanisms that control access to working memory. The current study examined the role of striatal dopamine in the AB, given its known role in regulating the contents of working memory. Specifically, participants performed an AB task and their basal level of dopamine D2-like receptor binding was measured using PET and [F-18]fallypride. As predicted, individual differences analyses showed that greater D2-like receptor binding in the striatum was associated with a larger AB, implicating striatal dopamine and mechanisms that control access to working memory in the AB. Specifically, we propose that striatal dopamine may determine the AB by regulating the threshold for working memory updating, providing a testable physiological basis for this deficit in gating rapidly changing visual information. A challenge for current models of the AB lies in connecting more directly to these neurobiological data.
51 citations
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TL;DR: The data suggest that the encoding of visual stimuli is more akin to processes invoked in preparation for input than to ensuing processing stages since both encoding as well as preparation are accompanied by inhibition of blinking.
51 citations