Topic
Attentional blink
About: Attentional blink is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1346 publications have been published within this topic receiving 53064 citations. The topic is also known as: Attentional blinks.
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TL;DR: The authors demonstrate that a multichannel model cannot account for the absence of AB effects on faces and suggest instead that perceptual salience of the face within the distracters' series as well as the available resources determine whether or not faces are blinked in RSVP.
Abstract: When 2 different visual targets presented among different distracters in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) are separated by 400 ms or less, detection and identification of the 2nd targets are reduced relative to longer time intervals. This phenomenon, termed the attentional blink (AB), is attributed to the temporary engagement of a limited-capacity attentional system by the 1st target, which reduces resources available for processing the 2nd target. Although AB has been reliably obtained with many stimulus types, it has not been found for faces (E. Awh et al., 2004). In the present study, the authors investigate the underpinnings of this immunity. Unveiling circumstances in which AB occurs within and across faces and other categories, the authors demonstrate that a multichannel model cannot account for the absence of AB effects on faces. The authors suggest instead that perceptual salience of the face within the distracters' series as well as the available resources determine whether or not faces are blinked in RSVP.
47 citations
TL;DR: Experiment 1 found an age-related deficit independent of lag for the single-task condition and a larger more prolonged deficit for dual-task conditions, while Experiment 2 incorporated a more rigorous cognitive screen and revealed a significant difference in the magnitude and the time course of the AB with age.
Abstract: The attentional blink (AB) is a marked deficit in detecting a second target for up to 600 ms within a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP). The phenomenon of the AB has typically been investigated using college students between 18 and 25 years of age. However, the AB has not been closely studied within a senior population. Past studies have found age-related attentional deficits using cued location, visual conjunction search, and divided-attention tasks, all spatial measures of attention; however, the physiological basis of these deficits is not fully understood. The role of cognitive slowing and reduced attentional resources was examined using the AB paradigm--a temporal measure of attention. Experiment 1 found an age-related deficit independent of lag for the single-task condition and a larger more prolonged deficit for dual-task conditions. Experiment 2, using similar methods to Experiment 1, incorporated a more rigorous cognitive screen. A similar deficit was found for the dual-task condition. Howe...
47 citations
TL;DR: This work seeks to identify, with time-resolved fMRI, brain regions whose temporal profile of activation tracked the time course of VWM encoding, and suggests that the inferior frontal junction is involved in VWM encode, providing neural support for theories positing that V WM encoding is a rate-limiting process underlying the authors' attentional limits to visual awareness.
47 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that attentional engagement serves to lock out capture by irrelevant, salient stimuli.
Abstract: Previous research has suggested that the involuntary allocation of spatial attention to salient, irrelevant stimuli (i.e., attentional capture) is prevented when attention is in a focused state (e.g., Yantis & Jonides, 1990). Recent work has suggested that although focused attention may be necessary to prevent attentional capture by irrelevant stimuli, it is not sufficient (e.g., Folk, Leber, & Egeth, 2002). The present experiments provide evidence that attentional engagement, rather than attentional focusing, prevents capture. Observers performed a rapid serial visual presentation task in which they were asked to identify a target letter defined by color. Peripheral distractors that shared the color of the target produced evidence of attentional capture. This effect was completely eliminated, however, when the peripheral distractor was preceded by a central distractor designed to engage attention on the stream. It is concluded that attentional engagement serves to lock out capture by irrelevant, salient stimuli.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the attentional blink (AB) paradigm was used to investigate whether affect has a direct influence on memory functioning, and they found in 55 participants that positive affect increases but negative affect decreases the report of the second target.
47 citations