Topic
Automatic braking
About: Automatic braking is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1510 publications have been published within this topic receiving 12826 citations.
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05 Nov 1993
TL;DR: In this article, an automobile collision avoidance system based on laser radars is disclosed for aiding in avoidance of automobile collisions, which includes a steering wheel rotation sensor or a laser gyroscope.
Abstract: An automobile collision avoidance system based on laser radars is disclosed for aiding in avoidance of automobile collisions. The very small beam width, very small angular resolution and the highly directional character of laser radars provide a plurality of advantages as compared with microwave radars. With two sets of laser radars this system can detect the location, the direction of movement, the speed and the size of all obstacles specifically and precisely. This system includes laser radars with transmitters and receivers, a computer, a warning device and an optional automatic braking device. A steering wheel rotation sensor or a laser gyroscope is utilized to give information of system-equipped vehicle's directional change. The system will compare the predicted collision time with the minimal allowable time to determine the imminency of a collision, and when determined, provides a warning. An optional automatic braking device is disclosed to be used when the vehicle user fails to respond to a warning. Furthermore, a wheel skidding detecting system based on a discrepancy between the directional change rate predicted by a steering wheel rotation sensor and the actual directional change rate detected by a laser gyroscope is also disclosed. The detection of wheel skidding can be utilized by various vehicle control designs. An averaging device for a steering wheel and a vehicle tilting sensor are used to supplement the steering wheel rotation sensor to improve the accuracy of the automobile collision avoidance system and the wheel skidding detecting system.
411 citations
09 Nov 2010
TL;DR: This paper describes one of the latest AEB systems called Collision Warning with Full Auto Brake and Pedestrian Detection (CWAB-PD), which is the only system on the market that automatically can avoid accidents with pedestrians.
Abstract: More and more vehicles are being equipped with Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) systems. These systems intend to help the driver avoid or mitigate accidents by automatically applying the brakes prior to an accident. Initially only rear-end collision were addressed but over time more accident types are incorporated and brakes are applied earlier and stronger, in order to increase the velocity reduction before the accident occurs. This paper describes one of the latest AEB systems called Collision Warning with Full Auto Brake and Pedestrian Detection (CWAB-PD). It helps the driver with avoiding both rear-end and pedestrian accidents by providing a warning and, if necessary, automatic braking using full braking power. A limited set of accident scenarios is selected to illustrate the theoretical and practical performance of this system. It is shown that the CWAB-PD system can avoid accidents up to 35 km/h and can mitigate accidents achieving an impact speed reduction of 35 km/h. To the best of the authors knowledge CWAB-PD is the only system on the market that automatically can avoid accidents with pedestrians.
239 citations
TL;DR: A prototype of a longitudinal driving-assistance system, which is adaptive to driver behavior, is developed, and results show that the self-learning algorithm is effective and that the system can, to some extent, adapt to individual characteristics.
Abstract: A prototype of a longitudinal driving-assistance system, which is adaptive to driver behavior, is developed. Its functions include adaptive cruise control and forward collision warning/avoidance. The research data came from driver car-following tests in real traffic environments. Based on the data analysis, a driver model imitating the driver's operation is established to generate the desired throttle depression and braking pressure. Algorithms for collision warning and automatic braking activation are designed based on the driver's pedal deflection timing during approach (gap closing). A self-learning algorithm for driver characteristics is proposed based on the recursive least-square method with a forgetting factor. Using this algorithm, the parameters of the driver model can be identified from the data in the manual operation phase, and the identification result is applied during the automatic control phase in real time. A test bed with an electronic throttle and an electrohydraulic brake actuator is developed for system validation. The experimental results show that the self-learning algorithm is effective and that the system can, to some extent, adapt to individual characteristics.
237 citations
TL;DR: The findings showed a 38 percent overall reduction in rear-end crashes for vehicles fitted with AEB compared to a comparison sample of similar vehicles, and areas requiring further research were identified and widespread fitment through the vehicle fleet is recommended.
226 citations
TL;DR: The proposed control systems guarantee smooth vehicle following even when the leading vehicle exhibits erratic speed behavior, and are designed and tested using a validated nonlinear vehicle model first and then actual vehicles.
223 citations