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Showing papers on "B vitamins published in 1987"


Journal Article
TL;DR: Data suggest that those major outer membrane protein antigenic determinants that are serovar or serogroup specific and are accessible to antibody on the chlamydial cell surface may be useful as a recombinant subunit vaccine for trachoma.
Abstract: A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) was generated against Chlamydia trachomatis serovar B, an etiologic agent of blinding trachoma. The specificities of MAb were determined by dot blot assay by using viable elementary bodies of 13 C. trachomatis serovars and two C. psittaci strains. The dot blot assay was used to identify those antigens that were unique and immunoaccessible on the chlamydial surface. MAb were identified that recognized bi-specific (serovars B and Ba) or subspecies-specific (various B complex serovars) surface-exposed antigenic determinants that were either resistant or sensitive to heat denaturation (56 degrees C, 30 min). All of the MAb recognized the major outer membrane protein as determined by either immunoblotting or radioimmunoprecipitation. MAb specific for immunoaccessible major outer membrane protein epitopes protected mice from toxic death after i.v. injection of B serovar elementary bodies and neutralized the infectivity of the organism for monkey eyes. In contrast, MAb reactive against non-immunoaccessible subspecies- or species-specific major outer membrane protein epitopes or against an immunoaccessible genus-specific epitope located on chlamydial lipopolysaccharide did not protect mice from toxic death or neutralize infectivity of the parasite for monkey eyes. These data suggest that those major outer membrane protein antigenic determinants that are serovar or serogroup specific and are accessible to antibody on the chlamydial cell surface may be useful as a recombinant subunit vaccine for trachoma.

262 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The atrazine-binding polypeptide of photosystem II is identified as one site of sensitivity to salinity-induced K+ deficiency in Avicennia marina grown in low and high salinity nutrient solution.
Abstract: Photosynthetic properties were studied in relation to the ionic composition of leaves of Avicennia marina grown in low and high salinity (i.e. 50 and 500 mol m-3 NaCl) nutrient solution containing either 0.01 or 10 mol m-3 K+. Leaves accumulated high concentrations of NaCl, but changes in photosynthesis were associated with changes in leaf K+ concentrations. The effects occurred at two levels. (1) With decrease in leaf K+ from 379 to 167 mol m-3, a 21% decline in light and CO2 saturated rates of oxygen evolution per leaf area was consistent with a 24% decrease in chlorophyll content. (2) Leaves containing only 103 mol m-3 K+ showed drastic loss of light and CO2 saturated photosynthetic capacity (42%) and photochemical dysfunctioning under limiting light conditions as manifest in a 38% decrease in quantum yield. Thylakoids isolated from these low K+ leaves showed no decrease in per chlorophyll concen- trations of photosystem I, cytochrome f/b complex and ATPase, but had 37% fewer atrazine-binding sites (corresponding to photosystem II reaction centres) than those from leaves with higher K+ concentrations. The decline in atrazine-binding sites in isolated thylakoids was sufficient to account for the loss of quantum yield in intact leaves. These results identify the atrazine-binding polypeptide of photosystem II as one site of sensitivity to salinity-induced K+ deficiency.

139 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results are interpreted to indicate that intestinal B-vitamin supply can be predicted based on dietary composition and intake, and to reduce morbidity through vitamin supplementation.
Abstract: B-vitamin supplementation of diets for 144 shipping-stressed crossbred calves (116 kg) at levels up to 10 times that recommended for growing pigs did not influence (P greater than .20) weight gain or feed conversion during a 56-d receiving trial. However, vitamin supplementation tended (P less than .10) to reduce morbidity. In a second trial, supplemental B-vitamins had no effect (P greater than .20) on efficiency of microbial growth or site and extent of digestion of organic matter, acid detergent fiber and N. Supplemental dietary riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, B12 and ascorbic acid were largely metabolized [degraded and (or) absorbed] anterior to the small intestine, with escape values of 1, 3, 10 and 0% of added vitamins, respectively, while dietary B6 and biotin largely escaped the rumen. Thiamine and pantothenic acid were intermediate in ruminal escape (52 and 22%, respectively). Small intestinal absorption of thiamine, niacin, riboflavin, B6 and B12 averaged 75, 79, 25, 79 and 48%, respectively. Coefficients for ruminal escape and microbial synthesis for each B-vitamin were calculated using the slope-ratio technique. Measured flows for thiamine, riboflavin and B12 in a third experiment were similar to flows predicted from escape and synthesis equations, though flow of niacin and B6 were under-predicted by 37 and 44%, respectively. Results are interpreted to indicate that intestinal B-vitamin supply can be predicted based on dietary composition and intake.

106 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Genetic control of resistance to fowl cholera in chickens after exposure to Pasteurella multocida was shown to be linked to the major histocompatibility B complex, in this first demonstration of MHC-linked resistance to bacterial disease challenge.
Abstract: Chickens of the Iowa State S1 line have been selected for ability to regress Rous sarcoma virus-induced (RSV) tumors, humoral immune response to GAT (Ir-GAT), and erythrocyte antigen B. Sublines homozygous at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), as well as F1 heterozygotes and F2 segregants, were tested for resistance to fowl cholera by challenge with Pasteurella multocida strain X73. Control of the response at high doses was associated in a preliminary study with Ir-GAT and response to RSV tumors. Genetic control of resistance to low doses of P. multocida was demonstrated via sublines and F2 segregants to be linked with genes of the B-G region. Thus, genetic control of resistance to fowl cholera in chickens after exposure to Pasteurella multocida was shown to be linked to the major histocompatibility B complex, in this first demonstration of MHC-linked resistance to bacterial disease challenge.

91 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The tear IgA response to the MOMP was predominantly B complex subspecies-specific (serovars B, Ba, D, and E), whereas the response to chlamydial LPS was found to be species-specific, and the significance of these observations in relation to previous vaccine studies in nonhuman primates is discussed.
Abstract: In this study, we examined the temporal antibody response by immunoblotting analysis in tears and sera of three cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fasicularis) with primary acute Chlamydia trachomatis serovar B conjunctivitis. The objective was to identify chlamydial antigens stimulating antibody during the host responses in the course of this self-limiting infection with the rationale that they may be protective antigens. The major outer membrane protein (MOMP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and polypeptides of 60 and 68 kilodaltons (kDa) were the predominant antigens recognized by immunoglobulin A (IgA) in monkey tears. Tear IgA antibody specific for the MOMP was first detected 14 days postinfection, whereas tear IgA reactive with LPS or the 68- and 60-kDa polypeptides was first detectable on day 21. Tear IgA antibodies specific for each of these antigens persisted in tears through day 56, 4 weeks after both peak clinical disease and recovery of the organism from the conjunctivae. In contrast, tear IgG antibodies peaked at approximately 28 days postinfection, the time of maximal inflammatory response. The IgG response in monkey sera was similar to that observed for tear antibodies, in that the MOMP, 60-, and 68-kDa polypeptides were the primary immunogens. The exception was that IgG antibody against these antigens was detected 1 week later than that observed for tear IgA antibodies. Of three monkeys that responded with tear IgA antibody against LPS, one did not have detectable serum IgG LPS antibody. The specificity of the tear IgA antibody response of monkeys was determined by immunoblotting nine other C. trachomatis serovars in addition to the homologous B serovar. The tear IgA response to the MOMP was predominantly B complex subspecies-specific (serovars B, Ba, D, and E), whereas the response to chlamydial LPS was found to be species-specific. The significance of these observations in relation to previous vaccine studies in nonhuman primates is discussed. Images

47 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that AA status may influence early stages of gingival inflammation and crevicular bleeding, and warrant further study of the relationship between AA and periodontal health.
Abstract: Biochemical indices of AA clearly showed that the young men in this study were brought into various states of AA depletion and repletion according to their dietary AA intakes. While previous studies have postulated that supplemental intakes of AA may adversely affect body status of vitamins B6 and B12, we found no changes in the B vitamin status of the young men receiving varying AA intakes. Moderate AA supplementation (605 mg/day) showed no antagonistic effect on markers of vitamins B6 and B12. Blood markers of fat-soluble vitamins A and E and iron status were not affected by AA intakes. The propensity of the gingiva to become inflamed or bleed on probing was reduced after normal (65 mg/day) AA intakes as compared to deficient (5 mg/day) intakes and upon supplementary (605 mg/day) AA intakes as compared to normal intakes. The results suggest that AA status may influence early stages of gingival inflammation and crevicular bleeding, and warrant further study of the relationship between AA and periodontal health.

45 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1987-Analyst
TL;DR: The proposed HPLC method is suitable for the determination of these active ingredients in pharmaceutical preparations such as multivitamin capsules and has a coefficient of variation between 1.1 and 3.2%.
Abstract: An ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the separation and simultaneous determination of thiamine HCl (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), nicotinamide, pyridoxine HCl (vitamin B6), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and folic acid in capsule preparations is described. The above seven active substances were extracted from the preparations within 5 min using an electronically controlled extraction apparatus. Ion-pair reversed-phase HPLC was carried out on LiChrosorb RP-18 using methanol-water-concentrated phosphoric acid-octanesulphonic acid as the eluent. All seven active ingredients were separated in less than 4 min. The detection limits were 1–2 ng for all vitamins; however, amounts of 5–10 ng were required for the quantitative HPLC determination of the vitamins. The proposed HPLC method is suitable for the determination of these active ingredients in pharmaceutical preparations such as multivitamin capsules and has a coefficient of variation between 1.1 and 3.2%. The ease of extraction, accuracy and sensitivity of the method and the time required for analysis are emphasised.

43 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
M. Feely1, J. Cooke1, D Price1, S. Singleton1, A. Mehta1, L. Bradford1, R. Calvert1 
TL;DR: It is suggested that phenobarbitone, in doses low enough to be non-sedative and non-enzyme inducing, is potentially useful as a pharmacological indicator of compliance with drug therapy.
Abstract: 1 To assess the potential value of low-dose phenobarbitone (PB) as a marker of compliance we studied the relationship between plasma level of PB and dose (2-16 mg daily) following 3 or 4 weeks treatment in healthy volunteers (n = 26) and in-patient volunteers (n = 7). 2 Also, to simulate poor compliance, PB levels were measured in some volunteers following alternate-day (n = 6) or short-term (n = 5) treatment with similar doses. These levels, expressed as the level: dose ratios (LDRs), did not overlap with those obtained following 3 or 4 weeks of daily PB intake. 3 To evaluate the efficacy of this marker in patients taking other drugs we gave a group of out-patients (n = 24) compound tablets containing B vitamins and a small dose (16 mg) of PB; their compliance over 2-5 weeks was assessed both by measuring plasma levels of PB and residual tablet counting. 4 In the latter study, as well as providing absolute evidence of good compliance by many patients, the plasma levels of PB proved particularly valuable when non-compliant individuals 'forgot' to bring their residual tablets. 5 We suggest that phenobarbitone, in doses low enough to be non-sedative and non-enzyme inducing, is potentially useful as a pharmacological indicator of compliance with drug therapy.

40 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Liver biopsy performed in 9 of 27 epileptic patients revealed fine structural changes in hepato‐cytes suggestive of varying degrees of drug‐induced changes, which suggested an adaptive response of the liver, a reversible change, possibly related to the increased serum lipids in the same patients.
Abstract: Twenty-seven epileptic patients, most from low socioeconomic groups and aged 15-54 years, were studied for effects of prolonged anticonvulsant medication. They had received the usual doses of phenobarbitone and diphenylhydantoin (PHT) regularly for 3-32 years, with control of seizures, and had not taken any B-vitamins in the year before investigation. Besides reduced serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) folate levels, significantly increased levels of total vitamin B6 in CSF and serum and of vitamin B12 in serum were found in patients as compared with normal healthy subjects. The bone marrow was normoblastic, and significant elevation of serum triglycerides and/or cholesterol was observed in patients. The total protein level was only slightly reduced as compared with that of controls, but there was significant increase in beta-lipoprotein fraction on gel electrophoresis. Plasma proteins concerned with vitamins and lipid transport showed no remarkable change, and no abnormal protein was detected. Although there was no clinical hepatic involvement, liver biopsy performed in 9 of 27 patients revealed fine structural changes in hepatocytes suggestive of varying degrees of drug-induced changes. A ramifying network of short, smooth, endoplasmic cisternae with depleted rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), distended sinusoids with Kupffer cells, dark shrunken hepatocytes with reduced mitochondria, and increased lipofuscin were observed. This suggested an adaptive response of the liver, a reversible change, possibly related to the increased serum lipids in the same patients.

37 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results demonstrate that a receptor for biotin does exist on purified plasma membranes and it is found to have a specific receptor on isolated plasma membranes.

37 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In females, response developed later than in males but no B complex effect was detected in either rate of development or maximum response, and differences were not statistically significant.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Observations indicate that additional mechanisms may also exist to help optimize the interception of quanta during rapid changes in illumination conditions.
Abstract: A photosystem two (PSII) core complex consisting of five major polypeptides (47, 40, 32, 30, and 10 kilodaltons) and a light harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex (LHC-2) have been isolated from the halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina. The chlorophyll and polypeptide composition of both complexes were compared in illuminated and dark-adapted cultures. Dark adaptation is accompanied by a decrease in the chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b (Chl a/Chl b) ratio of intact thylakoids without any change in total chlorophyll. These changes occur with a half-time of 3 hours and are reversed upon reillumination. Analyses of PSII enriched membrane fragments suggest that the decrease in the Chl a/Chl b is due partly to an increase in the Chl b content of LHC-2 and partly to changes in the relative levels of the two complexes. Apparently during dark adaptation there is: (a) a net synthesis of chlorophyll b, (b) removal of PSII core complexes resulting in a 2-fold drop in the PSII cores to LHC-2 chlorophyll ratio. These changes should dramatically increase the light harvesting capacity of the remaining PSII reaction centers. Presumably this adjustment of antenna size and composition is a physiological mechanism necessary for responding to shade conditions. Also detected, using (32)P, are light-induced phosphorylation of the LHC-2 (consistent with the ability to undergo State transitions) and of the 40 and 30 kilodalton subunits of the PSII core complex. These observations indicate that additional mechanisms may also exist to help optimize the interception of quanta during rapid changes in illumination conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Southern hybridization experiments showed that pdxB and hisT are closely associated in several enterobacterial species and it is speculated that these two genes play roles in the global regulation of amino acid metabolism.
Abstract: We characterized several unusual phenotypes caused by stable insertion mutations in a gene that is located upstream in the same operon from hisT, which encodes the tRNA modification enzyme pseudouridine synthase I. Mutants containing kanamycin resistance (Kmr) cassettes in this upstream gene, which we temporarily designated usg-2, failed to grow on minimal plus glucose medium at 37 and 42 degrees C. However, usg-2::Kmr mutants did form oddly translucent, mucoid colonies at 30 degrees C or below. Microscopic examination revealed that cells from these translucent colonies were spherical and seemed to divide equatorially. Addition of D-alanine restored the shape of the mutant cells to rods and allowed the mutants to grow slowly at 37 degrees C and above. By contrast, addition of the common L-amino acids prevented growth of the usg-2::Kmr mutants, even at 30 degrees C. Furthermore, prolonged incubation of usg-2::Kmr mutants at 37 and 42 degrees C led to the appearance of several classes of temperature-resistant pseudorevertants. Other compounds also supported growth of usg-2::Kmr mutants at 37 and 42 degrees C, including glycolaldehyde and the B6 vitamers pyridoxine and pyridoxal. This observation suggested that usg-2 was pdxB, which had been mapped near hisT. Complementation experiments confirmed that usg-2 is indeed pdxB, and inspection of the pyridoxine biosynthetic pathway suggests explanations for the unusual phenotypes of pdxB::Kmr mutants. Finally, Southern hybridization experiments showed that pdxB and hisT are closely associated in several enterobacterial species. We consider reasons for grouping pdxB and hisT together in the same complex operon and speculate that these two genes play roles in the global regulation of amino acid metabolism.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Unequal recombinational events may be promoted in the meiotic process in trisomic chickens and enhanced MHC-encoded cell surface products may influence the progression of B-cell differentiation and cell population dynamics in the developing bursa of Fabricius.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is some evidence for the hypothesis that deranged fatty acid metabolism in neural tissue contributes to altered membrane structure and hence function and changes in the properties of membrane proteins may play a contributory role.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This report describes how nutrient intake was distributed throughout the day, and the nutrient density according to meal, in 78 boys and 63 girls who have been studied from birth.
Abstract: This report describes how nutrient intake was distributed throughout the day, and the nutrient density according to meal, in 78 boys and 63 girls who have been studied from birth. The food intake was calculated from 4 day weighed records using the CSIRONET data bank based on British tables of food composition. The percentages of total energy from breakfast, lunch, evening meal, and snacks were 20, 26, 31, 23%. There was a very wide range of individual nutrient intake for each meal. The evening meal made the largest contribution to fat and protein intake. Most starch came from lunch (30%) and least from snacks (16%). Snacks contained a large portion of the simple sugars (39%). Breakfast was an important source of calcium and B vitamins, but with wide ranges of micronutrients occurring for each meal. This analysis of nutrient density and distribution contributes towards the formulation of practical recommendations about beneficial dietary changes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A 14-year-old white girl suffered from severe neurologic disturbances caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, due to failure to provide vitamin B 12 supplementation to a strictly vegetarian diet, which resolved completely following treatment with vatamin B12.
Abstract: A 14-year-old white girl suffered from severe neurologic disturbances caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, due to failure to provide vitamin B12 supplementation to a strictly vegetarian diet. The disturbances resolved completely following treatment with vitamin B12. Physicians should be alert to the necessity for vitamin B12 supplementation for strict vegetarians, who eat no meat, fish, eggs, or dairy products.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Naproxen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, induced gastric ulceration and bleeding in a dog and the dog responded to a blood transfusion and supportive treatment.
Abstract: Naproxen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, induced gastric ulceration and bleeding in a dog. Clinical signs included vomiting, anemia, melena, and weakness. The dog responded to a blood transfusion and supportive treatment (lactated Ringer's solution with added K+ and B vitamins, an antacid, and cimetidine). Naproxen had been given to the dog by the owner, as treatment for shoulder stiffness.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Thiamine deficiency encephalopathy in foxes and mink was originally described as Chastek paralysis and homogenizing cell changes were seen in the cerebral nerve cells and Purkinje cells, and Cerebellar granule cells were hyperchromatic in the affected area of vermis.
Abstract: Thiamine deficiency encephalopathy in f o x e ~ ' . ~ . ~ and mink7.10 was originally described as Chastek paralysis (CP). We have experienced this disorder in Hokkaido, the first occurrence was in Japan. It occurred during a parturient period from April to July 1983 on a ranch where approximately 170 male and 850 female adult foxes, and 170 male and 1,000 female adult mink were raised. Initial clinical signs of anorexia, weakness, and diarrhea were followed by recumbency, tonic convulsions, spastic paralysis, and death after a period of 2 to 3 days. Approximately 500 dams and 1,000 cubs aged 3 to 14 days died in the fox group, and several hundred male and female adults as well as 2,500 kits aged 3 to 14 days died in the mink group. Both groups received the same feed from February consisting of 60% raw fish, 12% grain, 7% offal from slaughter houses, 6% boiled porcine blood, 6% chicken offal, 6% porcine or bovine liver, and 3% vegetables, supplemented with vitamins A, D, E, and B complex. Nineteen fox (1 3 dams and 6 d b s ) and seven mink (3 male and 3 female adults and 1 kit) were examined pathologically. Specimens from major organs, brain, and spinal cord were fixed in 10% formalin. The brain was cut coronally at 3 to 4 mm intervals. Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). Selected sections were stained by Kluver-Barrera (KB), phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH), and Masson's trichrome methods. Thiamine content in the feed was determined by the thiochrome m e t h ~ d , ~ and the thiaminase activity was measured by the method described elsewhere6 in the frozen raw meat and organs of bullhead (Myoxocephalus stelleri Tilesius) and flounder (Lirnanda punctatissirna) used for feed. These measurements were done at Japan Food Research Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan. Gross lesions were particularly striking in fox dams and adult male mink. Bilaterally symmetrical hemorrhages were in the piriform, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes of the cerebrum of fox dams (Case Nos. 1, 2, 4-8, 11, 12). Hemorrhagic necrosis was recognized as yellowish-brown lesions on the cut surface of transverse sections of the formalin-fixed brain (Fig. 1). The right cardiac ventricles of all the fox dams were dilated and flabby, and the myocardium was cloudy. The livers of all the adult animals were pale yellowish-brown. No gross lesions were detected in the brain and heart of fox cubs, and adult female and newborn mink. Microscopic lesions in the fox brains were located in the suprasylvian, ectosylvian, and suprasplenial cortex, brainstem nuclei, and cerebellar lingula and nodulus (Fig. 2). Acute changes such as ischemic changes of nerve cells, perineuronal edema, and perivascular hemorrhages were seen in the cerebral cortex, nuclei of inferior colliculi, and cerebellar lingula and nodulus. In addition, homogenizing cell changes were seen in the cerebral nerve cells and Purkinje cells. Cerebellar granule cells were hyperchromatic in the affected area of vermis. In subacute lesions, there was hypertrophy and hyperplasia of capillaries, astrocytes with swollen cytoplasm, and a few fat granule cells. Malacic foci were usually located in the brainstem nuclei, e.g., the nuclei of the inferior colliculi and vestibular nuclei (Fig. 3), and in the cerebellar lingula and nodulus. Demyelination and accumulation of numerous fat granule cells were conspicuous. Adventitial cells of small blood vessels were occasionally hypertrophic. Two adult male mink had mild early ischemic changes, demyelination, and perivascular hemorrhages in the nuclei

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: The evidence is clear and compelling: Vitamin B6, when given in large amounts, especially when given with moderate amounts of magnesium and the other B vitamins, can safely bring about substantial improvement in a significant proportion of children and adults diagnosed as autistic.
Abstract: The idea that a commonplace, nontoxic vitamin can often ameliorate so profound, baffling, and severely disabling a condition as autism is incredible to many people. Yet despite its initial implausibility, the evidence is clear and compelling: Vitamin B6, when given in large amounts, especially when given with moderate amounts of magnesium and the other B vitamins, can safely bring about substantial improvement in a significant proportion of children and adults diagnosed as autistic. The improvement is seen not only in behavior but also in laboratory measurements of brain waves and urinary constituents. In this chapter I will review the available evidence bearing on the use of megadose vitamin B6 in the treatment of autistic children and adults.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Isolated LHCII from spinach has been solubilized and fractionated by non‐denaturing isoelectric focusing to yield two subpopulation with different polypeptide but equal chlorophyll composition.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sensorimotor reactivity was evaluated quantitatively by measuring auditory and tactile startle responses in 12 week old female Long-Evans rats fed a diet devoid of added vitamin B-6 or a control diet, either ad lib or pair-fed to deficient rats (PF-CON).

Journal Article
TL;DR: Application a l'etude des effets des conditions de stockage sur les pertes en vitamines des fruits and legumes (haricots, courgettes, fraises, pommes de terre...)
Abstract: Description et mise en oeuvre d'un protocole de dosage de ces vitamines. Application a l'etude des effets des conditions de stockage sur les pertes en vitamines des fruits et legumes (haricots, courgettes, fraises, pommes de terre...)

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A simple liquid chromatographic method is described for the determination of free and added niacin and niac inamide in meats.
Abstract: A simple liquid chromatographic (LC) method is described for the determination of free and added niacin and niacinamide in meats. A sample is homogenized and extracted with water, and the water extract is centrifuged, deproteinized with zinc hydroxide, and filtered first through a fluted paper and then through a microporous filter. The filtrate is subjected to liquid chromatography with UV detection at 263 nm. Different ion-pair systems are needed for the measurement of niacin and niacinamide on a reverse phase column. Methanol-water (1 + 9) containing 5mM tetrabutyl ammonium ion is used to separate niacin. Water containing 10mM heptane sulfonic acid is recommended for niacinamide. Recoveries (CV,%) are 104.8% (2.9%) for niacin and 96.3% (2.7%) for niacinamide at a 10 mg/100 g fortification level. Detection limit is 1 mg/100 g sample for niacin and niacinamide.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, mesophilic lactic acid bacteria produced.74% acidity in 3.3:1 retentate of ultrafiltration diluted to 2:1 with permeate.


Journal Article
TL;DR: Etude de l'effet de the pasteurisation sur la valeur nutritive de cette boisson a la couverture des besoins nutritionnels en vitamines du groupe B.
Abstract: Contribution des cellules de levure de cette boisson a la couverture des besoins nutritionnels en vitamines du groupe B. Etude de l'effet de la pasteurisation sur la valeur nutritive

Journal Article
TL;DR: The study results suggest that the morphologically diverse B may be subportions of a single unusual pathogenic B, which parasitizes, undergoes complex morphologic differentiation within, and produces profound cytoskeletal damage to host PMN leukocytes.
Abstract: In acute exacerbations of chronic idiopathic vitritis (CIV) non-cultivatable ultrastructurally unusual 0.5-0.7 micron cell walled coccal bacteria (B) are commonly present within phagolysosomes of 3-5% of vitreous polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes. Inoculation of that CIV vitreous into mouse eyelids produces chronic mouse vitritis (CMV) with identical B within CMV PMN leukocyte phagolysosomes. This transmission electron microscopic restudy of all PMN leukocytes in those 8 CIV and 3 CMV specimens demonstrated in all 11 severe cytoskeletal lytic damage associated with pleomorphic 0.1-1.4 micron cell wall deficient B in 1-2% of the cells; both those cell wall deficient and the unusual cell walled B within the same cell in 1-3 cells per specimens; and within the cell walled B complex internal structures resembling the cell wall deficient B. The study results suggest that the morphologically diverse B may be subportions of a single unusual pathogenic B, which parasitizes, undergoes complex morphologic differentiation within, and produces profound cytoskeletal damage to host PMN leukocytes.