Topic
Bacteria
About: Bacteria is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 23676 publications have been published within this topic receiving 715990 citations. The topic is also known as: eubacteria.
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TL;DR: "All stood amazed, until an old woman, tottering out from among the crowd, put her hand to her brow, and peering under it in his face for a moment exclaimed, 'Sure enough! it is Rip Van Winkle-it is himself!'
Abstract: \"All stood amazed, until an old woman, tottering out from among the crowd, put her hand to her brow, and peering under it in his face for a moment exclaimed , 'Sure enough! it is Rip Van Winkle-it is himself. Welcome home again, old neighbour-Why, where have you been these twenty long years?\"' lrving, W. An analogical \"field\" construct in cellular biophysics: history and present status. \"These germs-these bacilli-are transparent bodies. Like glass. Like water. To make them visible you must stain them. Well, my dear Paddy, do what you will, some of them won't stain; they won't take cochineal, they won't take any methylene blue, they won't take gentian violet, they won't take any colouring matter. Consequently, though we know as scientific men that they exist, we cannot see them.\" Sir Ralph Bloomfield-Bonington. The Doctor's Dilemma.
321 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that most strains of ruminal bacteria can be grown in defined media, and suggest the relative importance of NH(4) (+) and volatile fatty acids and the relative lack of importance of organic nitrogen compounds such as amino acids in the nutrition of these bacteria.
Abstract: Bryant, M. P. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Md.) and I. M. Robinson. Some nutritional characteristics of predominant culturable ruminal bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 84:605–614. 1962.—The effect of enzymatic hydrolysate of casein, NH4+, a mixture of volatile fatty acids (acetic, n-valeric, isovaleric, 2-methylbutyric, and isobutyric), hemin, and ruminal fluid on growth of 89 freshly isolated strains of predominant culturable ruminal bacteria was studied, using basal media containing glucose, cellobiose, or maltose as energy source, minerals, cysteine, and S= as reducing agents, and H2CO3-HCO3− buffer. Of these strains, 13% (four morphological groups) grew poorly or not at all in defined medium plus casein hydrolysate; 6% (one morphological group) required casein hydrolysate; 56% (four morphological groups) grew with either NH4+ or casein hydrolysate as the main source of nitrogen; and NH4+, but not casein hydrolysate, was essential for 25% of the strains (five morphological groups). The volatile fatty acid mixture excluding acetate was essential for 19% of the strains (five morphological groups), and this mixture and acetate were necessary for good growth of 23% of the strains (one morphological group) when casein hydrolysate was excluded from the medium; 30% of the strains (one morphological group) required hemin. Similar studies are reported on 35 old laboratory strains of ruminal bacteria, most of which were previously identified. The results indicate that most strains of ruminal bacteria can be grown in defined media, and suggest the relative importance of NH4+ and volatile fatty acids and the relative lack of importance of organic nitrogen compounds such as amino acids in the nutrition of these bacteria.
320 citations
TL;DR: This review details the nematophagous bacteria known to date, including parasiticacteria, opportunistic parasitic bacteria, rhizobacteria, Cry protein-forming bacteria, endophytic bacteria and symbiotic bacteria, and focuses on recent research developments concerning their pathogenic mechanisms at the biochemical and molecular levels.
320 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that Drosophila can tolerate a significant bacterial load and mount a large innate immune response without a detectable trade-off with life span; furthermore, microbes do not seem to limit life span under optimized laboratory conditions.
319 citations
TL;DR: Lactic acid bacteria can produce a variety of substances with antibacterial activity which are described in this article, including reuterin, which is a broad spectrum inhibitor active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, molds and protozoas.
Abstract: Summary - Lactic acid bacteria can produce a variety of substances with antibacterial activity which are described in this article. Non-peptide antibacterial substances are distinguished from bacteriocins, which have a proteinaceous active site. Among the former, reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri is a broad spectrum inhibitor active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, molds and protozoas. It is a glycerol derivative, l3-hydroxypropionaldehyde. Bacteriocins can be produced by most lactic acid bacteria species and their spectrum of activity is generally restricted to organisms taxonomically close to the producer. The biochemical properties of bacteriocins, their structure and nature of their genetic determinants are highly variable. This literature review discusses the similarities and differences existing in this group of substances.
317 citations