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Bacteria

About: Bacteria is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 23676 publications have been published within this topic receiving 715990 citations. The topic is also known as: eubacteria.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The peptide bacteriocins of LAB are inhibitory at concentrations in the nanomolar range, and cause membrane permeabilization and leakage of intracellular components in sensitive cells, which could have a potential as food preservatives as well as in medical applications.
Abstract: Strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce a wide variety of antibacterial peptides. More than fifty of these so-called peptide bacteriocins have been isolated in the last few years. They contain 20-60 amino acids, and are cationic and hydrophobic in nature. Several of these bacteriocins consist of two complementary peptides. The peptide bacteriocins of LAB are inhibitory at concentrations in the nanomolar range, and cause membrane permeabilization and leakage of intracellular components in sensitive cells. The inhibitory spectrum is limited to gram-positive bacteria, and in many cases to bacteria closely related to the producing strain. Among the target organisms are food spoilage bacteria and pathogens such as Listeria, so that many of these antimicrobial peptides could have a potential as food preservatives as well as in medical applications.

280 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A rapid and sensitive method was developed for the identification and classification of Lactococcus and Leuconostoc species using specific DNA probes based on variable regions V1 and V3 of 16S rRNA of lactic acid bacteria.
Abstract: Specific DNA probes based on variable regions V1 and V3 of 16S rRNA of lactic acid bacteria were designed. These probes were used in hybridization experiments with variable regions amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction. In this way, a rapid and sensitive method was developed for the identification and classification of Lactococcus and Leuconostoc species.

280 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The natural microbial community of C. elegans is established using extensive culture collections and a large variety of bacteria are identified, with phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria being most abundant.
Abstract: Most Caenorhabditis elegans studies have used laboratory Escherichia coli as diet and microbial environment. Here we characterize bacteria of C. elegans' natural habitats of rotting fruits and vegetation to provide greater context for its physiological responses. By the use of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA)-based sequencing, we identified a large variety of bacteria in C. elegans habitats, with phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria being most abundant. From laboratory assays using isolated natural bacteria, C. elegans is able to forage on most bacteria (robust growth on ∼80% of >550 isolates), although ∼20% also impaired growth and arrested and/or stressed animals. Bacterial community composition can predict wild C. elegans population states in both rotting apples and reconstructed microbiomes: alpha-Proteobacteria-rich communities promote proliferation, whereas Bacteroidetes or pathogens correlate with nonproliferating dauers. Combinatorial mixtures of detrimental and beneficial bacteria indicate that bacterial influence is not simply nutritional. Together, these studies provide a foundation for interrogating how bacteria naturally influence C. elegans physiology.

280 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It has been indicated that susceptible bacterial isolates acquire increased tolerance to bactericides following serial transfer in sub-inhibitory concentrations, and that of resistance to antiseptics, disinfectants and food preservatives is less well understood.

279 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experiments with other cell lines of human, monkey, and mouse origin, and also with bacteria harboring another recombinant plasmid, indicate that DNA transfer from bacteria to mammalian cells is a general phenomenon.
Abstract: Induction of a virus infection by cloned simian virus 40 DNA was chosen as a test system to detect transfer of genes from bacteria to cultured mammalian cells. Escherichia coli cells containing a recombinant plasmid with three tandem inserts of simian virus 40 DNA were able to infect CV-1 monkey cells under various conditions. The gene transfer was resistant to DNase I and therefore seems not to occur via free DNA but most likely via uptake of whole bacteria, followed by release of plasmid DNA and generation of infectious circular simian virus 40 DNA in a recombination-excision process. Spontaneous transfer was found to be infrequent, 4 x 10(9) bacteria yielding one infection per 10(7) monkey cells. The frequency was greatly increased by adding bacteria as a calcium phosphate coprecipitate or by fusion of lysozyme-treated bacteria (protoplasts) with monkey cells in the presence of polyethylene glycol. With the latter technique, 10(4) protoplasts gave rise to one infection per 15 monkey cells. Experiments with other cell lines of human, monkey, and mouse origin, and also with bacteria harboring another recombinant plasmid, indicate that DNA transfer from bacteria to mammalian cells is a general phenomenon.

279 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20242
20235,286
202210,729
20211,047
20201,096
20191,044