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Bacteriuria
About: Bacteriuria is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4839 publications have been published within this topic receiving 128703 citations.
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TL;DR: These guidelines are intended for use by physicians in all medical specialties who perform direct patient care, with an emphasis on the care of patients in hospitals and long-term care facilities.
Abstract: Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of persons with catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CA-UTI), both symptomatic and asymptomatic, were prepared by an Expert Panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. The evidence-based guidelines encompass diagnostic criteria, strategies to reduce the risk of CA-UTIs, strategies that have not been found to reduce the incidence of urinary infections, and management strategies for patients with catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria or symptomatic urinary tract infection. These guidelines are intended for use by physicians in all medical specialties who perform direct patient care, with an emphasis on the care of patients in hospitals and long-term care facilities.
1,682 citations
TL;DR: Pregnant women should be screened for bacteriuria by urine culture at least once in early pregnancy and they should be treated if the results are positive, and the duration of antimicrobial therapy should be limited.
Abstract: 1. The diagnosis of asymptomatic bacteriuria should be based on results of culture of a urine specimen collected in a manner that minimizes contamination (A-II) (table 1). • For asymptomatic women, bacteriuria is defined as 2 consecutive voided urine specimens with isolation of the same bacterial strain in quantitative counts 10 cfu/mL (B-II). • A single, clean-catch voided urine specimen with 1 bacterial species isolated in a quantitative count 10 cfu/mL identifies bacteriuria in men (BIII). • A single catheterized urine specimen with 1 bacterial species isolated in a quantitative count 10 cfu/mL identifies bacteriuria in women or men (A-II). 2. Pyuria accompanying asymptomatic bacteriuria is not an indication for antimicrobial treatment (A-II). 3. Pregnant women should be screened for bacteriuria by urine culture at least once in early pregnancy, and they should be treated if the results are positive (A-I). • The duration of antimicrobial therapy should be
1,473 citations
TL;DR: Treatment of UTIs with antibiotics leads to a more rapid resolution of symptoms and is more likely to clear bacteriuria, but also selects for resistant uropathogens and commensal bacteria and adversely affects the gut and vaginal microbiota.
Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections acquired in the community and in hospitals. In individuals without anatomical or functional abnormalities, UTIs are generally self limiting, but have a propensity to recur. Uropathogens have specialized characteristics, such as the production of adhesins, siderophores and toxins that enable them to colonize and invade the urinary tract, and are transmitted between individuals both through person-to-person contact and possibly via food or water. Although generally self limiting, treatment of UTIs with antibiotics leads to a more rapid resolution of symptoms and is more likely to clear bacteriuria, but also selects for resistant uropathogens and commensal bacteria and adversely affects the gut and vaginal microbiota. As uropathogens are increasingly becoming resistant to currently available antibiotics, it may be time to explore alternative strategies for managing UTI.
1,298 citations
TL;DR: Pyelonephritis is the commonest disease of the kidneys at autopsy and is implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, in such disorders as hypertension, chronic renal insufficiency, toxemias of pregnancy, various disturbances in electrolyte metabolism, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, and stone formation.
Abstract: Pyelonephritis and related infections of the urinary tract are among the most frequently encountered, most frequently undiagnosed, and most difficult to manage of all infections. The lack of clear views of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infections of the urinary tract is well recognized. 1-3 A few selected data indicate the magnitude of the problem. 1. Pyelonephritis is the commonest disease of the kidneys at autopsy. Active pyelonephritis has been found in 10% to 20% of autopsies in several general hospitals, 4-6 and healed pyelonephritis occurs about as frequently as does active pyelonephritis. 6 2. Pyelonephritis has been implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, in such disorders as hypertension, chronic renal insufficiency, toxemias of pregnancy, various disturbances in electrolyte metabolism, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, and stone formation. 3. Despite the importance of this group of diseases the diagnosis of infection of the urinary tract is made in only about 20%
641 citations