Topic
Bainite
About: Bainite is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9520 publications have been published within this topic receiving 145305 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, four new orientation relationships between pearlitic ferrite and cementite have been determined using the more accurate CBKLDP technique, and the two widely accepted ORs, the Pitsch-Petch OR and the Bagaryatskii OR have never been observed.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an investigation into the production of ultrafine (1 µm) equiaxed ferrite (UFF) grains in low-carbon steel was made using laboratory rolling, compression dilatometry, and hot torsion techniques.
Abstract: An investigation into the production of ultrafine (1 µm) equiaxed ferrite (UFF) grains in low-carbon steel was made using laboratory rolling, compression dilatometry, and hot torsion techniques It was found that the hot rolling of thin strip, with a combination of high shear strain and high undercooling, provided the conditions most suitable for the formation of this type of microstructure Although high strains could be applied in compression and torsion experiments, large volume fractions of UFF were not observed in those samples, possibly due to the lower level of undercooling achieved It is thought that ferrite refinement was due to a strain-induced transformation process, and that ferrite grains nucleated on parallel and linear deformation bands that traversed austenite grains These bands formed during the deformation process, and the undercooling provided by the contact between the strip and the work rolls was sufficient to drive the transformation to homogeneous UFF grains
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a generalized phase transformation model is used to understand the martensite to austenite transformation in a cold-rolled and annealed metastable AISI 301LN ultrafine-grained austenitic stainless steel.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the microstructures and mechanical properties of coarse grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of domestic X70 pipeline were investigated with the Gleeble-1500 thermal/mechanical simulator.
Abstract: The microstructures and mechanical properties of coarse grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of domestic X70 pipeline were investigated. The weld CGHAZ thermal cycles having different cooling time Δt
8/5 were simulated with the Gleeble-1500 thermal/mechanical simulator. The Charpy impact absorbed energy for toughness was measured, and the corresponding fractographs, optical micrographs, and electron micrographs were systematically investigated to study the effect of cooling time on microstructure, impact toughness, and fracture morphology in the CGHAZ of domestic X70 pipeline steel during in-service welding. The results of simulated experiment show that the microstructure of CGHAZ of domestic X70 pipeline steel during in-service welding mainly consists of granular bainite and lath bainite. Martensite–austenite (M–A) constituents are observed at the lath boundaries. With increase in cooling time, the M–A constituents change from elongated shape to massive shape. The reduction of toughness may be affected by not only the M–A constituents but also the coarse bainite sheaves. Accelerating cooling with cooling time Δt
8/5 of 8 s can be chosen in the field in-service welding X70 pipeline to control microstructures and improve toughness.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mechanism for bainite formation in steels was proposed, and evidences are provided to support this mechanism as follows: ultra-fine structures of bainites and its surface relief, and carbide nucleation inside austenite at the interface of ferrite/austenite, etc.
57 citations