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Balun

About: Balun is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5375 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52256 citations. The topic is also known as: Telephone balance unit.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A frequency multiplier for the direct generation of the fourth, sixth, or eighth harmonic of an input signal in a single stage is presented by analyzing the effect of clipping both half-waves in the output signal asymmetrically and beneficial clipping thresholds are identified.
Abstract: A frequency multiplier for the direct generation of the fourth, sixth, or eighth harmonic of an input signal in a single stage is presented. By analyzing the effect of clipping both half-waves in the output signal asymmetrically, beneficial clipping thresholds are identified. Based on the ideal signal analysis, circuit simulations are carried out to investigate and implement the proposed approach using a heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) push–push cascode amplifier, which enables the independent adjustment of the clipping thresholds. Finally, the circuit is combined with an input balun and an output amplifier and fabricated in a 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS process for verification. Measurement results of the prototype are compared with simulations based on available VBIC and HICUM models for the HBTs, providing insight on their capabilities to predict the high-order nonlinear effects essential for the operation of the presented multiplier. The circuit performs in general agreement with the HICUM model simulations and represents a versatile times-four, times-six, and times-eight frequency multiplier with a 37-GHz output-referred bandwidth from 173 to 210 GHz and an output power of up to −6 dBm. To the the best of the authors’ knowledge, the conversion gain of 10 dB is the highest in class reported up to date, even when compared to III/V-based circuits. A maximum harmonic suppression of 40 dB and a total dc power consumption of 63 mW are measured.

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a 16-44 GHz ultra-broadband doubly balanced monolithic ring mixer for Ku-to-Ka-band applications implemented with a 0.15mum pHEMT process is presented.
Abstract: A novel and compact 16-44 GHz ultra-broadband doubly balanced monolithic ring mixer for Ku- to Ka-band applications implemented with a 0.15-mum pHEMT process is presented. The proposed mixer is composed of a C-band miniature spiral balun and a 180deg hybrid formed with an interdigital coupler, a low-pass pi-network, and a high-pass T-network. The 180deg hybrid eliminates the use of a cross-over structure for application in the balanced mixer, as well as provides an output port for the RF extraction of up-converter application. This proposed configuration leads to a die size of less than 0.8times0.8 mm2 . From the measured results, the mixer exhibits an 11-14 dB conversion loss, a 27-50 dB high LO-to-IF isolation over 16-44 GHz RF/LO bandwidth, and a 1-dB compression power of 14 dBm for both down- and up-converter applications.

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a micromachined probe with an integrated balun operating at W-band is demonstrated, and the measured S-parameters of the balun probe are in agreement with simulation and meet the design performance requirements.
Abstract: Differential circuits are commonly used for millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits such as amplifiers and voltage-controlled oscillators. The infrastructure for their characterization, however, remains limited at these frequencies. With the recent development in micromachined on-wafer probes, a probe integrated with balun circuitry can provide a convenient way to characterize differential integrated circuits. In this paper, a micromachined probe with an integrated balun operating at W-band is demonstrated. The measured S-parameters of the balun probe are in agreement with simulation and meet the design performance requirements. Furthermore, the balun probe design has the potential to be scaled to submillimeter-wave frequencies.

15 citations

Patent
25 Oct 2005
TL;DR: In this article, the modification of the impedance ratio of a balun of four conductive windings formed in two metallization planes stacked by being interdigited and electrically in series two by two, by connecting a capacitor in series with the two windings defining the common mode of the balun was discussed.
Abstract: The modification of the impedance ratio of a balun of four conductive windings formed in two metallization planes stacked by being interdigited and electrically in series two by two, by connecting a capacitor in series with the two windings defining the common mode of the balun.

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a novel method allowing for improvement of input match and output balance of Marchand balun with connecting line has been presented, which allows for achieving an arbitrary impedance transformation ratio even for the circuit having a long connecting line.
Abstract: A novel method allowing for improvement of input match and output balance of Marchand balun with connecting line has been presented. The proposed compensation technique together with the ideal Marchand balun design formulas allow for achieving an arbitrary impedance transformation ratio even for the circuit having a long connecting line. The theoretical analysis has been verified by EM simulations and measurements of a Marchand balun composed of 3 dB coupled-line sections and 30° transmission line operating at the center frequency f 0 = 1.15 GHz and terminated at input and outputs with 50 Ω and 100 Ω, respectively.

15 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202361
2022242
2021130
2020280
2019327
2018310