Showing papers on "Bandwidth (signal processing) published in 2022"
TL;DR: The data of bearing inner ring, outer ring and compound faults prove that the method can be applied to bearing fault diagnosis and the proposed method has greater advantages in decomposing noisy signals.
38 citations
University of Siena1, Charles III University of Madrid2, Monash University3, London Metropolitan University4, Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education5, King Saud University6, Université catholique de Louvain7, Universidad Pública de Navarra8, Institut national de la recherche scientifique9, University of Rome Tor Vergata10
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of circular polarized (CP) antennas in the selected areas to improve the understanding of early-stage researchers specially experienced antenna designers has been presented for the first time as best of our knowledge.
Abstract: Circular polarized (CP) antennas are well suited for long-distance transmission attainment. In order to be adaptable for beyond 5G communication, a detailed and systematic investigation of their important conventional features is required for expected enhancements. The existing designs employing millimeter wave, microwave, and ultra-wideband frequencies form the elementary platform for future studies. The 3.4 to 3.8 GHz frequency band has been identified as a worthy candidate for 5G communications because of spectrum availability. This band comes under ultra-wideband frequencies (3.1 to 10.6 GHz). In this survey, a review of CP antennas in the selected areas to improve the understanding of early-stage researchers specially experienced antenna designers has presented for the first time as best of our knowledge. Design implementations involving size, axial ratio, efficiency, and gain improvements are covered in detail. Besides that, various design approaches to realize CP antennas including (i) printed CP antennas based on parasitic or slotted elements, (ii) dielectric resonator CP antennas, (iii) reconfigurable CP antennas, (iv) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) CP antennas, (v) fractal CP antennas, (vi) hybrid techniques CP antennas, and (vii) 3-D printing CP antennas with single and multiple feeding structures have investigated and analyzed. The aim of this work is to provide necessary guidance for the selection of CP antenna geometries in terms of the required dimensions, available bandwidth, gain, and useful materials for the integration and realization in future communication systems.
29 citations
TL;DR: An adaptive order-band energy ratio method, an enhanced version of the SER, to quantitatively and intelligently diagnose gear faults under different operational conditions and enables an improved ability to monitor a PG’s health in the actual complex environment is proposed.
12 citations
TL;DR: Simulative analysis of 10gbps bandwidth using different optical communication channels have been performed and the system with the maximum Q-factor and minimum BER can be found for the wavelength of 1064 nm.
Abstract: The optical communication system is preferred over microwave and radio frequency communication systems because of license free operation. Simulative analysis of 10gbps bandwidth using different optical communication channels have been performed in this paper. The different modulation formats of QAM and PSK have been compared for its performances under all the three optical channels OWC, FSO, and LOS-FSO which are an unguided form of optical communication. The optical channels under these modulation formats are extensively used in Digital Video Broadcasting Communication. The parameters such as Q-factor, BER and Eye height can be obtained by varying the wavelengths in the range of 850 nm 1064 nm, 1330 nm and 1550 nm. From the design and performance analysis, the system with the maximum Q-factor and minimum BER can be found for the wavelength of 1064 nm.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a planar graphene-based bandstop filter is designed and simulated for the resonant frequency of 1.1 THz with the constant absolute bandwidth, where the graphene layer is introduced between the conductor layer and the dielectric for supporting the propagation of plasmonic waves.
Abstract: In this paper, a planar graphene-based bandstop filter is designed and simulated for the resonant frequency of 1 THz. The transmission line model of the bandstop filter is considered, which consists of open-circuited shunt stubs that are interconnected through unit elements. The bandstop filter design is carried out from the normalized low pass Chebyshev prototype. By using frequency transformation, Richard’s transformation, and Kuroda’s identity, the desired bandstop filter can be designed from the low pass prototype. The graphene layer is introduced between the conductor layer and the dielectric for supporting the propagation of plasmonic waves. The simulation results show that the desired frequency response can be obtained for the designed graphene-based bandstop filter. By varying the chemical potential of the graphene layer, the resonant frequency of the bandstop filter can be tuned over the range of 0.1 THz with the constant absolute bandwidth.
5 citations
TL;DR: Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the performance of the feedback-structured notch filter compared to other methods, and demonstrates superior performance not only in accordance with power line interference, but also in removing the distortion of the time-variant filters.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review and discuss recent advances on the design topologies of RF ADCs, including several innovative architectures and techniques, and compare different techniques on bandwidth, power, and noise.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a method that simultaneously uses two measurement signals from an anemometer, proportional to the voltage and current of the sensor, is described, which allows the measurement system's bandwidth to be extended and dynamic errors to be minimized.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a photonic approach to realize frequency division of broadband microwave signal based on a Fourier domain mode-locked optoelectronic oscillator (FDML-OEO) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.
Abstract: A novel photonic approach to realizing frequency division of broadband microwave signal based on a Fourier domain mode-locked optoelectronic oscillator (FDML-OEO) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Thanks to the mechanism of Fourier domain mode-locking, a conventional OEO system with the Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) biased at null point can be used to achieve frequency division, which is implemented by precisely matching the delay of the OEO loop with the period of the injected signal. The conditions to achieve frequency division of broadband microwave signal are theoretically analyzed, and experimental demonstration is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system. In the experiment, a linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal is injected for verification. By tuning the delay of the OEO loop, the frequency, the bandwidth and the chirp rate of the injected LFM signal are all half-divided. Frequency divisions of LFM signals with different central frequencies and bandwidths are demonstrated. The phase noise of the divided signal is improved by 4.43 dB as compared to that of the injected signal. The results demonstrate, for the first time, a frequency divider for broadband microwave signal division based on an OEO.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed description of optical transceiver modules in the coherent optical communication and data center, the advantages of silicon optical technology in the field of communication are introduced, such as high speed, low power consumption, high bandwidth and cost-effective.
3 citations
Abstract: In this paper, a novel multi-arm crooked wire antenna designed with a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is presented. The proposed topology offers a small size, lightweight, and a wideband −10 dB impedance matching. Its fully metallic nature preserves a high radiation efficiency. The multi-arm topology is discussed, and the impact of the number of arms and segments is studied. A proof of concept is optimized, fabricated, and tested. It occupies a volume less than 0.11 λ × 0.13 λ × 0.14 λ , where λ is the wavelength at the lowest operating frequency and covers the entire Global Navigation Satellite System services frequencies with a bandwidth of 503.5 MHz which represents 35.56%, without any matching network. The antenna’s fully metallic structure results in a radiation efficiency higher than 98% and a gain of 8.66 dBi. Measurement results agree with simulations and are elaborated around the frequencies of the lower (1164–1300 MHz) and upper (1559–1610 MHz) bands of the L-band spectrum. A realization-friendly fabrication technique is proposed to realize the 3-D multi-arm wire antennas with high accuracy. The rigid fully metallic structure makes the antenna very suitable to operate in harsh environments, as in aerospace and military applications where substrate-based antennas are unqualified.
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, various modulation techniques for the development of the next-generation communication system are considered, and the modulation process is an important technique in the fast transmission of signals, which is known as the spectral efficiency, which measures how rapidly the information is transmitted in a single bandwidth.
Abstract: In the recent trend, data consumption goes on increasing day by day. In this way, the present 3G and 4G advancements cannot bolster those expansions in data usage, and the speed should be improved to accomplish better experience while at the same time accessing the data services. 5G technologies have a higher information rate and a better coverage area. It expends less power and has greater security, better spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. The speed of 5G technology reaches from roughly 50 mbps to 2G and even to 1000 Gbps which is much quicker than the 4G technology. Modulation is a process of influencing the data to a signal transmitted over radio carrier, which is the backbone of wireless communication system. Most remote transmissions today are computerized, and with the restricted range accessible, the modulation is more critical than it has ever been. We live in a digital era where wires are not needed to connect with loved ones. Messages, information and signals are sent across the globe within minutes. The modulation process is an important technique in the fast transmission of signals. The fundamental objective of modulation process is squeezing as much of data into a smaller possible spectrum is known as the spectral efficiency. It is used to measures how rapidly the information is transmitted in a single bandwidth. Its unit is b/s/Hz (bits per second per Hz). Various methods have risen to accomplish high spectral efficiency in different modulation techniques. Thus, in this paper, the various methods for modulation techniques are utilized for the development of the next generation communication system are contemplated.
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter using electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure was proposed to achieve wide pass band at lower frequency in a small compact size.
Abstract: This paper presents a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter using electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure. The periodic EBG structure is etched on the top metal surface of SIW cavity. These periodic structures create a slow wave effect on the filter performance to achieve wide pass band at lower frequency in a small compact size. In the proposed design, Rogers 4350 is used as a dielectric material with the permittivity(er) of 3.48 and thickness 1.524 mm. The simulated results obtained by HFSS 19.1 has a broadband from 3.25 to 6.94 GHz with the bandwidth of 3.38 GHz in C band used for satellite communication. The insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB and return loss is better than 18 dB. The size of filter is 48 × 10 mm2. The fractional bandwidth (FBW) of proposed filter is 68%.
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: The proposed approach aims to design the compact multiband printed antenna for in applications of wireless communication to achieve wide bandwidth, less weight, and decreased size which reduces cost as well.
Abstract: The proposed approach aims to design the compact multiband printed antenna for in applications of wireless communication. The basic aim of the design of this antenna is to achieve wide bandwidth, less weight, and decreased size which reduces cost as well. The structure includes a main radiator, two sub-patches, and the ground plane which generates bands at 1.25, 1.75, 2.45, 3.95, 5.1 GHz with multiple frequency that have bandwidth of 45, 68, 112, 127, 240 kHz, respectively. The defected ground structure (DGS) has been used for the improvement of the parameters of proposed antenna. The simulated and fabricated result exhibits good reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, and stable gain so this antenna is applicable for DCS/Bluetooth /WLAN/WiMAX/IMT bands. This proposed antenna is designed and analyzed using Ansys HFSS 11.2 for high frequency structure simulation tool. The method used to fabricate simulated antenna, and this photolithographic and vector network analyzer are used to measure the fabricated result. The proposed antenna shows the better consensus between both the results. The proposed antenna works at the multiple frequency which varies from bands from 1.25 to 5.1 GHz for the Bluetooth system, 2.12–2.45 GHz for the WLAN systems, 3.45–3.95 GHz for the WiMAX system, and 4.95–5.1 GHz for the IMT system.
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of a hybrid optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) system with optical code division multiple access for spectral amplitude encoding (OCDMA), using very narrow filters with fiber Bragg gratings to the system as encoders and decoders in the transmitter and receiver, is analyzed.
Abstract: In this paper, we analyze the performance of a hybrid optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) system with optical code division multiple access for spectral amplitude encoding (OCDMA), using very narrow filters with fiber Bragg gratings to the system as encoders and decoders in the transmitter and receiver. The performance of the system depends on variables such as: the length on kilometers of the fiber, the number of users, the bandwidth of Fiber Bragg Gratings, and the application of the Walsh Hadamard (WH) codes. The performance of the system is evaluated through the Quality (Q) factor and Bit Error Rate (BER) with different simulations, a comparison of the WH codes and the impact with the number of users is demonstrated.
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, a compact reconfigurable bandpass-bandstop microwave filter composed of a dual concentric U-shaped parasitic resonator was proposed to switch between two different operating modes by controlling the center frequency and bandwidth simultaneously.
Abstract: This paper presents a compact reconfigurable bandpass-bandstop microwave filter composed of a dual concentric U-shaped parasitic resonator. SMP1320-079LF PIN diodes from Skyworks are used to allow switching between bandpass and bandstop response. The proposed reconfigurable filter achieved four different switchable modes (two bandpass and two bandstop) using two PIN diodes with acceptable losses and rejection levels. In addition, the filter performs a flat group delay within the passband of approximately less than 0.5 ns in all switching conditions that are implemented using the CST-MWS simulator. The primary benefit of this microwave filtering system is the efficient ability to switch between two different operating modes by controlling the center frequency and bandwidth simultaneously. For multiple wireless communication systems, the proposed filter may be a good choice.
TL;DR: The Channel Allocation using Prediction Approach (CAPA) algorithm appropriates the channel reservation for mobile users in the destination cell before the mobile user travels into that particular cell.
Abstract: The uncommitted bandwidth of the spectrum must be expeditiously employed by the mobile users, since nowadays the mobile users are rising step by step. The major aim of the channel reservation process is to minimize the probability of call dropping and an effective channel assignment approach can significantly minimize such probability of call dropping. There is several channel allocation and assignment approaches has been presented. In our paper, the Channel Allocation using Prediction Approach (CAPA) algorithm is presented. The CAPA algorithm appropriates the channel reservation for mobile users in the destination cell before the mobile user travels into that particular cell. The channels are pre-reserved while the mobile users are travelling inside some distance of the novel cell bound. Channel Adoption approach and Queuing approach are employed in our CAPA algorithm for apportioning the channel to predict permanent and temporary mobile users. In channel Adoption approach, free channels choose from the fundamental pool and optimally apportioned to permanent user. For temporary user, queuing approach is implemented and these approaches are employed to minimize the probability of call dropping and apply the available channel bandwidth efficiently. Hence, the Performance of CAPA algorithm is improved while compared to other existing channel reservation algorithms.