Showing papers on "Barrier layer published in 1989"

The formation of controlled-porosity membranes from anodically oxidized aluminium

Abstract: Synthetic membranes are used in a number of diverse applications, such as filtration1,2, bioreactors2,3, tissue culture4, analytical devices including sensors2,5, and as supports for active materials1,5. Narrow pore-size distribution, high pore density and thinness are often important attributes. The anodic oxidation of aluminium6 can produce porous films possessing these features; the anodizing voltage controls the pore size and pore density, whereas the thick-ness is determined by the amount of charge transferred. A major problem with this technique, however, is that the films remain attached to the aluminium, with the pore base closed by an oxide barrier layer. Here we overcome this problem by progressively reducing the anodizing voltage, thereby causing perforation of the barrier layer and separation of the film as a porous membrane.

The heat budget of the equatorial western Pacific surface mixed layer

Abstract: The turbulent heat flux through the equatorial western Pacific surface mixed layer is estimated, using conductivity-temperature-depth and Doppler profiler data obtained in January 1986 and the assumption that a useful approximation to the heat flux can be obtained with the Pacanowski-Philander eddy diffusivity. Fluxes appeared to be an order of magnitude less along the equator than in the central Pacific because the only layer of very low Richardson number (and hence large eddy diffusivity) lay in the isothermal but salt-stratified “barrier layer.” The top of the thermocline, just below the barrier layer, coincided with the core of the (subsurface) South Equatorial Current; hence current shears, eddy diffusivities, and heat fluxes were small in this region. Away from the equator, heat flux estimates were of the order of 3 W m−2. Use of the recent Peters et al. diffusivities reduces these estimates still further. In combination with previous analyses of heat advection in the equatorial western Pacific heat pool, our results indicate that the net surface heat flux entering the region is near zero. There must therefore be systematic errors in several recent estimates of this net heat flux in the equatorial western Pacific, which range between 20 and 80 W m−2.

Method for forming a contact/VIA

Abstract: A method for forming a connection between two levels in a semiconductor structure includes first forming a VIA (14) through an insulating layer (12) to an underlying structure (10). Sidewall spacers (22) and (24) are formed on the vertical walls of the VIA (14). The spacers (22) and (24) have tapered surfaces. A barrier layer (30) is then formed over the bottom surface of the VIA followed by CVD deposition of a conductive layer (32) of WSi2 to provide a conformal conductive layer. An aluminum layer (38) is then deposited by physical vapor deposition techniques with the descending portions of layer (32) providing a conductive connection between the aluminum layer (38) and the lower structure (10) in the VIA (14).

Method for selective deposition of refractory metals on silicon substrates and device formed thereby

Abstract: Selective deposition of a refractory metal on a silicon substrate utilizing high temperature and a silane reduction process in which the flow rate ratio of silane to refractory metal halide gas is less than one. In a second embodiment, an additional layer of the refractory metal is deposited utilizing a hydrogen reduction of the metal halide gas at very high temperatures. In both embodiments, a refractory metal barrier layer may be provided by forming a self-aligned refractory metal silicide layer. Alternatively, a two layer self-aligned barrier is formed of a refractory metal silicide lower layer and a refractory metal nitride upper layer and the refractory metal is selectively deposited on the metal nitride.

Positive temperature coefficient heater with distributed heating capability

Abstract: A heating device for a mirror includes a substrate having an electrical buss system deposited on one surface thereof including a plurality of interdigitated electrodes and two buss bars. There is provided a plurality of heater-lets formed of an electrically resistive layer of material having a positive temperature coefficient. The plurality of heater-lets have varying sizes and shapes and are deposited over the electrical buss system between the adjacent electrodes of the interdigitated electrodes. Each of the plurality of heater-lets are separated from its neighbor by spaces of varying sizes and shapes so as to form a plurality of individual heating areas of variable intensity. A first adhesive layer is deposited over the resistive layer and adheres to the exposed areas of the substrate. An electrical barrier layer is secured to the first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer is disposed on the electrical insulated barrier layer. A removable protective covering is secured to the second adhesive layer. The power distribution over the entire substrate is selectively regulated by varying the density of the heater-lets.

Method of forming a barrier layer between a silicon substrate and an aluminum electrode of a semiconductor device

Abstract: A titanium nitride barrier layer of 50 to 200 nm in thickness is fabricated between a silicon substrate and an aluminum electrode layer of an IC device by reactive sputtering performed in a mixed gas including oxygen in a proportion of 1 to 5% by volume relative to other gases, comprising an inert gas and a reactive gas, providing the temperature of the silicon substrate at 350° to 550° C. during the reactive sputtering, so that the product has a failure rate, indicating the property of preventing mutual diffusion of silicon and aluminum atoms from occurring, of less than 1% and a resistivity less than 100 μΩ.cm.

Defined volume test device

Abstract: The multilayer test devices of this invention comprise, in order, (a) an absorbent layer; (b) a waterproof barrier layer; and (c) a quickly absorbent reagent matrix layer having a determinate volume. The absorbent and barrier layers each include an aperture functionally aligned for application of a test sample through the absorbent and barrier layers and onto the surface of the reagent matrix layer. The reagent matrix layer contains one or more reagents which produce a detectable species in the presence of an analyte. The reagent matrix layer preferably comprises an asymmetrical filter, which localizes cellular components of the test sample at or near the surface of the filter, while facilitating saturation of the filter by non-cellular sample components. Preferred embodiments of the test devices include devices for testing glucose, alcohol and cholesterol in whole blood.

Equivalent Circuit Model in Grain‐Boundary Barrier Layer Capacitors

Abstract: Electrical properties of BaTiO3-based capacitors are investigated. A new model is developed to explain the frequency response of the impedance of grain-boundary barrier layer (GBBL) capacitors. This model takes into consideration the dipole polarization effect and provides a simple and effective approach to evaluate the performance of GBBL capacitors with various dopants and sintering in different atmospheres. When sintered in a reducing atmosphere, doped BaTiO3 exhibits a higher dielectric constant and a relatively stable dieletric constant with respect to the frequency response and temperature dependence. Also, smaller grain resistivity is obtained with addition of both Dy2O3 and Nb2O5.

Programmable memory matrix employing voltage-variable resistors

Abstract: A memory matrix comprises a plurality of word lines, a plurality of bit lines, and a stacked diode and voltage-variable resistor structure interconnecting bit lines to word lines. The stacked diode and voltage-variable resistor structure includes a doped region in a semiconductor substrate defining a work line, a doped polycrystalline silicon layer over said word line and forming a p-n junction therewith, and an amorphized region in the doped polycrystalline silicon layer having increased resistance over the non-amorphized portion of the doped polycrystalline silicon layer. A contact is made to the amorphized polycrystalline silicon material which preferably includes a titanium-tungsten barrier layer and an aluminum layer over the barrier layer. To improve the breakdown voltage of the diode structure, a region of opposite conductivity type is formed in the word line under the doped polycrystalline silicon layer either by out-diffusion of dopants from the polycrystalline silicon layer or by the implantation of dopant ions through the polycrystalline silicon layer into the word line.

Wet press felt to be used in a papermaking machine

Abstract: A dewatering wet press felt to be used on papermaking machines and comprising at least one top layer (6) made from staple fibers and the like and facing the paper web (4), and a second layer. The second layer (7) constitutes a barrier layer of such a nature that during the compression phase in the press nip in the press section of the papermaking machine the water is forced through the second layer (7) but is prevented from flowing back to the top layer and the paper web during the expansion phase after the press nip.

1.3- mu m distributed feedback laser diode with a grating accurately controlled by a new fabrication technique

Abstract: The coupling constant that determines the characteristics of distributed feedback laser diodes (DFB LDs) is controlled by employing the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique and inserting a barrier layer between the active layer and the guiding layer. It is shown that the measured coupling constant is in good agreement with the designed coupling constant. Lasers with a small coupling constant have a large slope efficiency. Lasers with the above structure are expected to have a long life, comparable to that of conventional DFB LDs. >

Polycrystalline silicon device electrode and method

Abstract: A polycrystalline silicon electrode and method for its fabrication are disclosed. The electrode includes a barrier layer formed by the implantation of carbon, nitrogen, or oxygen ions between two layers of polycrystalline silicon. The lower layer of polycrystalline silicon is lightly doped or undoped and the top layer is heavily doped to increase the conductivity of the electrode. The barrier layer impedes the diffusion of conductivity determining dopant impurities from one layer of polycrystalline silicon to the other.

Layered lattice-matched superconducting device and method of making

Abstract: A superconducting device and method of making in which a superconducting YBaCuO layer is laser deposited on a SrTiO3 or similar substrate such that the c-axis of the YBaCuO layer is vertically aligned with that of the substrate. A non-superconducting layer of PrBaCuO or MgO is laser deposited on the superconducting layer and another superconducting YBaCuO layer is laser deposited on the non-superconducting layer with the c-axes of all the layers being aligned. Contacts are applied to the two superconducting layers to form a junction device across the non-superconducting layer, which acts as a barrier layer.

Manufacture of semiconductor device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce resistance of a contact and to obtain an ohmic contact of high reliability by forming a Ti layer on a diffused layer exposed in a contact hole, and forming an ohmic contact layer by heat treatment CONSTITUTION:A contact hole 8 is formed at an insulating film 3 formed on a substrate 1 having a diffused layer 2 Then, a Ti layer 4 is formed on the film 3 having an opening 8, Si ions are implanted to the layer 4, a high temperature heat treatment is conducted in a N2 atmosphere The surface of the layer 2 exposed in the opening 8 is partly dug, the part is fill with the layer 4, and heat-treated at a high speed in the N2 atmosphere A low resistance TiSi2 layer 6 as an ohmic contact layer is formed by these two methods, and a TiN layer 6 to become a barrier layer is simultaneously formed on the surface Thus, high temperature heat treatment of the Ti layer is performed to reduce resistance of a contact and to obtain an ohmic contact structure of high reliability

Flame barrier office building materials

Abstract: A flame-resistant office building material (10) for use as office panel partitions, wall panels, wall coverings, ceiling panels, floor and the like is provided. The building material (10) comprises a rigid core support material (20), a decorative outer surface layer (30), and a fiber-based flame barrier layer (40) positioned between the support material (20) and the surface layer (30). The barrier layer (40) comprises a flame durable fabric substrate (43) formed of fire-resistant fibers and a flexible metal foil layer (45) carried by the substrate (43) and orientated toward said support material (20).

Plastic container and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract: A container substantially made of plastic materials and having a gas barrier property. The container has a wall including a laminated sheet which comprises an inner layer (2) and an outer layer (4) both made of a thermoplastic material and an intermediate barrier layer (3) between the inner and outer layers and made of a resin material of which gas barrier property can be improved by stretching. The intermediate layer is held between the inner and outer layers in a stretched state. A rigid layer (5) of a large thickness may be provided outside the outer layer. In manufacturing the container, the intermediate layer may be in a stretched state when the laminate is provided. The rate of stretching can be increased when the laminated sheet is formed into the shape of the container.

Ink jet printhead with self-aligned orifice plate and method of manufacture

Abstract: An ink jet printhead and process for manufacturing same wherein an opening in an orifice plate of the printhead is precisely aligned with a transducer element on a thin film substrate member of the printhead. A barrier layer having an opening therein is aligned with the transducer element and is located on the thin film substrate member adjacent to a metal seed layer. A metal orifice layer is plated on the metal seed layer and over the barrier layer and extends into the opening therein to form a convergent orifice opening. This opening is aligned to both the opening in the barrier layer and the transducer element on the thin film substrate member. Since the transducer element and metal orifice plate layer are both precisely aligned to the opening in the barrier layer, the transducer element and the metal orifice layer are said to be "self-aligning".

Multiple layer paperboard laminate

Abstract: A non-foil paperboard laminate having excellent flavor barrier with superior heat sealability comprises paperboard having a layer of a heat-sealable, modified polyolefin extrusion coated onto its outer surface, a layer of low density polyethylene polymer extrusion coated onto its inner surface, and a product-contact barrier layer extrusion coated onto the inner layer of low density polyethylene polymer. The product-contact barrier layer may comprise one or more layers of a polymer having low permeability to flavor oils.

Josephson devices and process for manufacturing the same

Abstract: A Josephson device, comprising a junction formed by forming the first layer-shaped oxide superconductor thin film including a plurality of Cu-O layers on a substrate, a barrier layer thereon and the second layer-shaped oxide superconductor thin film on the barrier layer. The Josephson device according to the present invention is manufactured by forming the first layer-shaped oxide superconductor thin film on a substrate, forming a barrier layer in the same vacuum chamber, defining patterns to said barrier layer and said first layer-shaped oxide superconductor thin film, forming an interlayer insulating film on said barrier layer, removing said interlayer insulating film in a region serving as a junction, effecting exposure to oxygen plasma, forming the second layer-shaped oxide superconductor thin film in contact with a part of the surface of said barrier layer and defining patterns to said second layer-shaped oxide superconductor thin film.

Dye thermal transfer image receiving sheet

Abstract: PURPOSE: To faithfully print a medium contrast image of high resolving power by providing an org. polymer barrier layer having specific surface roughness to a sheet like base material satisfying a specific surface roughness condition and further coating said layer with a dye image receiving layer having specific surface roughness. CONSTITUTION: A sheet like base material 1 formed on the basis of cellulose pulp and having both front and rear surfaces whose surface roughness Ra value (JIS B0601) is 0.5μm or more, the lower coating layer 2 formed to the surface of the sheet like base material and having a surface roughness Ra value of 0.5-2.0μm and the upper coating layer 3 formed on the lower coating layer and containing a thermoplastic resin capable of receiving a thermal transfer image forming dye as a main component and having a surface roughness Ra value of 0.1-2.0μm are provided. This dye thermal transfer image receiving sheet is excellent in gradation and uniformity from low density to high density and reduced in heat curl generated by printing operation and can form a high quality thermal transfer print having a sharp image. COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO&Japio

Method of making a scalable fuse link element

Abstract: A fuse link (50) is formed using a method which offers greater scalability of the general conductor system used to wire the device. An oxide mask (36) having the shape of a desired fuse link is formed over a thin metallization layer (34). A barrier layer (38) is formed over the thin metallization layer (34). A conductive layer (40) is formed over the barrier layer (38). A photoresist mask (42) supplied to the conductive layer (40), and the conductive layer is etched to formed interconnects (44, 46). Subsequently, the barrier layer (38) and thin metallization layer (34) are etched, thus rendering a fuse link (50) between interconnects (44, 46) under the oxide mask (36).

Crystal grain diffusion barrier structure for a semiconductor device

Abstract: A diffusion barrier structure includes a first barrier layer provided on a substrate of a semiconductor device for preventing transport of component elements of the substrate and the electrode from passing therethrough by diffusion. An interface layer is formed in the first barrier layer adjacent to a top surface of the first barrier layer for eliminating the effect of microstructure in the first barrier layer on crystal growth to be made on the first barrier layer. A second barrier layer of a same material as the material of the first barrier layer is provided on the first barrier layer so as to be sandwiched between the first barrier layer and the metal electrode for preventing the component elements from being transported therethrough by diffusion.

Structure and method for selectively producing a conductive region on a substrate

Abstract: In a multi-chip module, a structure for selectively connecting two conductors. A switchable connector (36) is disposed between a first and second portion (30,32) of a copper conductor (28). The switchable connector comprises an amorphous silicon layer (58), which extends between two spacer pads (56) that are electrically connected to the first and second portions of the copper conductor. A barrier layer (60) is formed atop the amorphous silicon, physically separating it from a reactive metal layer (62). The reactive metal layer is coated with an antireflective coating (64). Interaction of the reactive metal layer with the amorphous silicon layer is prevented by the barrier layer until the barrier layer is heated above 500° C. A laser beam (66) is focused on opposite edges of the switchable connector, causing the barrier layer and reactive metal layer to diffuse into the amorphous silicon, forming electrically conductive silicides. Electric current can then flow between the first and second portions of the copper conductor through the silicides and the remainder of the reactive metal layer.

Metal matrix coated fiber composites and the methods of manufacturing such composites

Abstract: A fiber coating which allows ceramic or metal fibers to be wetted by molten metals is disclosed The coating inhibits degradation of the physical properties caused by chemical reaction between the fiber and the coating itself or between the fiber and the metal matrix The fiber coating preferably includes at least a wetting layer, and in some applications, a wetting layer and a barrier layer between the fiber and the wetting layer The wetting layer promotes fiber wetting by the metal matrix The barrier layer inhibits fiber degradation The fiber coating permits the fibers to be infiltrated with the metal matrix resulting in composites having unique properties not obtainable in pure materials

Method for modifying asymmetric membranes by endo-treating

Abstract: A method of upgrading the .[.selectively.]. .Iadd.selectivity .Iaddend.of a dry asymmetric permselective membrane comprising a porous barrier layer adjacent to a porous main body, where the barrier layer has an external .[.obverse.]. surface .Iadd.and the main body has an external obverse surface.Iaddend.. The method comprises maintaining the barrier layer surface in a drying atmosphere while applying a wetting liquid which is not a solvent for the bulk of the membrane to the obverse surface to wet interstices of the bulk of the membrane, and drying the membrane by continuing the exposure of the external surface of the barrier layer to the drying atmosphere as the wetting liquid moves from the obverse surface through the membrane main body and the barrier layer.

Laminated packing material with gas and aroma barrier properties

Abstract: A laminated material for the manufacture of packing containers with good gas and aroma barrier properties and or parts for such containers, and a method for the manufacture of the laminated material (1). The laminated material (1) comprises a first partial laminate (1) comprising a carrier layer (2) of thermoplastics and a barrier layer (3) of inorganic material of 50-500 Å thickness serving as a gas and aroma barrier and a second partial laminate (1b) comprising a carrier layer (4) and a barrier layer (5) of inorganic material of 50-500 Å thickness serving as a gas and aroma barrier, these partial laminates being joined to one another by means of an intermediate layer (6) of bonding agent, their respective barrier layers facing inwards towards one another.

Photosensitive material with alkali-in soluble barrier layer

Abstract: A photosensitive material comprises: (I) an undercoat layer containing at least one alcohol-soluble polyamide; (II) an alcohol-insoluble barrier layer; and (III) a coloring material-containing photosensitive layer or a laminate of a coloring material layer and a photosensitive layer superposed in order on a support to form a laminate.