Topic
Battery electric vehicle
About: Battery electric vehicle is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2332 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36709 citations. The topic is also known as: BEV & battery-only electric vehicle.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
Book•
21 Sep 2009TL;DR: This document discusses the design and control principles of the Hybrid Electric Drive Trains, and the designs of the Drive Train Engine/Generator Power Design and Energy Design of Energy Storage Appendices Index.
Abstract: Environmental Impact and History of Modern Transportation Air Pollution Global Warming Petroleum Resources Induced Costs Importance of Different Transportation Development Strategies to Future Oil Supply History of EVs History of HEVs History of Fuel Cell Vehicles Fundamentals of Vehicle Propulsion and Brake General Description of Vehicle Movement Vehicle Resistance Dynamic Equation Tire-Ground Adhesion and Maximum Tractive Effort Power Train Tractive Effort and Vehicle Speed Vehicle Power Plant and Transmission Characteristics Vehicle Performance Operating Fuel Economy Brake Performance Internal Combustion Engines 4S, Spark-Ignited IC Engines 4S, Compression-Ignition IC Engines 2S Engines Wankel Rotary Engines Stirling Engines Gas Turbine Engines Quasi-Isothermal Brayton Cycle Engines Electric Vehicles Configurations of EVs Performance of EVs Tractive Effort in Normal Driving Energy Consumption Hybrid Electric Vehicles Concept of Hybrid Electric Drive Trains Architectures of Hybrid Electric Drive Trains Electric Propulsion Systems DC Motor Drives Induction Motor Drives Permanent Magnetic BLDC Motor Drives SRM Drives Design Principle of Series (Electrical Coupling) Hybrid Electric Drive Train Operation Patterns Control Strategies Design Principles of a Series (Electrical Coupling) Hybrid Drive Train Design Example Parallel (Mechanically Coupled) Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design Drive Train Configuration and Design Objectives Control Strategies Parametric Design of a Drive Train Simulations Design and Control Methodology of Series-Parallel (Torque and Speed Coupling) Hybrid Drive Train Drive Train Configuration Drive Train Control Methodology Drive Train Parameters Design Simulation of an Example Vehicle Design and Control Principles of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Statistics of Daily Driving Distance Energy Management Strategy Energy Storage Design Mild Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design Energy Consumed in Braking and Transmission Parallel Mild Hybrid Electric Drive Train Series-Parallel Mild Hybrid Electric Drive Train Peaking Power Sources and Energy Storages Electrochemical Batteries Ultracapacitors Ultra-High-Speed Flywheels Hybridization of Energy Storages Fundamentals of Regenerative Breaking Braking Energy Consumed in Urban Driving Braking Energy versus Vehicle Speed Braking Energy versus Braking Power Braking Power versus Vehicle Speed Braking Energy versus Vehicle Deceleration Rate Braking Energy on Front and Rear Axles Brake System of EV, HEV, and FCV Fuel Cells Operating Principles of Fuel Cells Electrode Potential and Current-Voltage Curve Fuel and Oxidant Consumption Fuel Cell System Characteristics Fuel Cell Technologies Fuel Supply Non-Hydrogen Fuel Cells Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design Configuration Control Strategy Parametric Design Design Example Design of Series Hybrid Drive Train for Off-Road Vehicles Motion Resistance Tracked Series Hybrid Vehicle Drive Train Architecture Parametric Design of the Drive Train Engine/Generator Power Design Power and Energy Design of Energy Storage Appendices Index
1,221 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the development of electric vehicles in the 20th century and present a brief history of electric vehicle development and its development towards the end of the 1990s.
Abstract: Acknowledgments.Abbreviations.Symbols.1. Introduction.A brief history.Developments towards the end of the 20th century.Types of Electric Vehicle in use Today.Electric Vehicles for the Future.2. Batteries.Introduction.Battery Parameters.Lead Acid Batteries.Nickel-Based Batteries.Sodium Based Batteries.Lithium Batteries.Metal Air Batteries.Battery Charging .The Designer's Choice of Battery.Use of Batteries in Hybrid Vehicles.Battery Modeling.In Conclusion3. Alternative and Novel Energy Sources and Stores.Introduction.Solar Photovoltaics.Wind Power.Flywheels.Super Capacitors.Supply Rails.4. Fuel Cells.Fuel Cells, a Real Option?Hydrogen Fuel Cells - Basic Principles.Fuel Cell Thermodynamics - An Introd.uction.Connecting Cells in Series - the Bipolar Plate.Water Management in the PEM Fuel Cell.Thermal Management of the PEM Fuel Cell.A Complete Fuel Cell System.5. Hydrogen Supply.Introduction.Fuel Reforming.Hydrogen Storage I: Storage as Hydrogen.Hydrogen Storage II: Chemical Methods.6. Electric Machines and their Controllers.The 'Brushed' DC Electric Motor.DC Regulation and Voltage Conversion.Brushless Electric Motors.Motor Cooling, Efficiency, Size and Mass.Electrical Machines for Hybrid Vehicles.7. Electric Vehicle Modeling.Introduction.Tractive Effort.Modeling Vehicle Acceleration.Modeling Electric Vehicle Range.Simulations - a Summary.8. Design Considerations.Introduction.Aerodynamic Considerations.Consideration of rolling resistance.Transmission efficiency.Consideration of vehicle mass.Electric Vehicle Chassis and Body Design.General Issues in Design.9. Design of Ancillary Systems.Introduction.Heating and Cooling Systems.Design of the Controls.Power Steering.Choice of Tyres.Wing Mirrors, Aerials and Luggage Racks.Electric Vehicles Recharging and Refuelling Systems.10. Electric Vehicles and the Environment.Introduction.Vehicle Pollution: the Effect.Vehicle Pollution: A Quantitative Analysis.Vehicle Pollution in Context.Alternative and Sustainable Energy via the Grid.Using Sustainable Energy with Fueled Vehicles.The Role of Regulations and Law Makers.11. Case Studies.Introduction.Recharging Battery Vehicles.Hybrid Vehicles.Fuel Cell Powered Bus.Conclusion.Appendix: MATLAB(r)Examples.Index.
876 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed vehicle battery storage in greatest detail, comparing three electric vehicle configurations over a range of driving requirements and electric utility demand conditions, and found that the value to the utility of tapping vehicle electrical storage exceeds the cost of the two-way hook-up and reduced vehicle battery life.
Abstract: Electric-drive vehicles, whether fueled by batteries or by liquid or gaseous fuels generating electricity on-board, will have value to electric utilities as power resources. The power capacity of the current internal combustion passenger vehicle fleet is enormous and under-utilized. In the United States, for example, the vehicle fleet has over 10 times the mechanical power of all current U.S. electrical generating plants and is idle over 95% of the day. Electric utilities could use battery vehicles as storage, or fuel cell and hybrid vehicles as generation. This paper analyzes vehicle battery storage in greatest detail, comparing three electric vehicle configurations over a range of driving requirements and electric utility demand conditions. Even when making unfavorable assumptions about the cost and lifetime of batteries, over a wide range of conditions the value to the utility of tapping vehicle electrical storage exceeds the cost of the two-way hook-up and reduced vehicle battery life. For example, even a currently-available electric vehicle, in a utility with medium value of peak power, could provide power at a net present cost to the vehicle owner of $955 and net present value to the utility of $2370. As an incentive to the vehicle owner, the utility might offer a vehicle purchase subsidy, lower electric rates, or purchase and maintenance of successive vehicle batteries. For a utility tapping vehicle power, the increased storage would provide system benefits such as reliability and lower costs, and would later facilitate large-scale integration of intermittent-renewable energy resources.
808 citations
Book•
01 Feb 2021TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comparison of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles in terms of mass, mass analysis and packaging of battery energy storage batteries in electric and hybrid vehicles.
Abstract: Introduction to Alternative Vehicles Electric Vehicles Hybrid Electric Vehicles Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Components Vehicle Mass and Performance Electric Motor and Engine Ratings Electric and Hybrid Vehicle History Well-to-Wheel Analysis EV/ICEV Comparison Electric Vehicle Market Vehicle Mechanics Roadway Fundamentals Laws of Motion Vehicle Kinetics Dynamics of Vehicle Motion Propulsion Power Velocity and Acceleration Tire-Road Force Mechanics Propulsion System Design Alternative Vehicle Architectures Electric Vehicles Hybrid Electric Vehicles Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Powertrain Component Sizing Mass Analysis and Packaging Vehicle Simulation Battery Energy Storage Batteries in Electric and Hybrid Vehicles Battery Basics Battery Parameters Electrochemical Cell Fundamentals Battery Modeling Traction Batteries Battery Pack Management Alternative Energy Storage Fuel Cells Ultracapacitors Compressed Air Storage Flywheels Electric Machines Simple Electric Machines DC Machines Three-Phase AC Machines Induction Machines Permanent Magnet Machines Switched Reluctance Machines Power Electronic Converters Power Electronic Switches DC/DC Converters Cell Balancing Converters Electric Motor Drives Electric Drive Components DC Drives Operating Point Analysis AC Drives SRM Drives Control of AC Machines Vector Control of AC Motors dq Modeling Induction Machine Vector Control PM Machine Vector Control Internal Combustion Engines Internal Combustion Engines BMEP and BSFC Vehicle Fuel Economy Emission Control System Powertrain Components and Brakes Powertrain Components Gears Clutches Differential Transmission Vehicle Brakes Cooling Systems Climate Control System Powertrain Component Cooling System Hybrid Vehicle Control Strategy Vehicle Supervisory Controller Mode Selection Strategy Modal Control Strategies Vehicle Communications OSI Seven-Layer Model In-Vehicle Communications Controller Area Network Index References appear at the end of each chapter. Problems are included at the end of most chapters.
524 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a formalization of the energy management problem in hybrid electric vehicles and a comparison of three known methods for solving the resulting optimization problem: dynamic programming, Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP), and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS).
Abstract: This paper presents a formalization of the energy management problem in hybrid electric vehicles and a comparison of three known methods for solving the resulting optimization problem. Dynamic programming (DP), Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP), and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) are described and analyzed, showing formally their substantial equivalence. Simulation results are also provided to demonstrate the application of the strategies. The theoretical background for each strategy is described in detail using the same formal framework. Of the three strategies, ECMS is the only implementable in real time; the equivalence with PMP and DP justifies its use as an optimal strategy and allows to tune it more effectively. DOI: 10.1115/1.4003267
480 citations