Showing papers on "Bellows published in 1988"

Fine pattern transfer apparatus

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve resolution by making use of a refraction index of liquid, on the occasion of transferring fine pattern using the light, by filling an optical path between the final lens and specimen with a liquid and reducing defocusing of light by refraction. CONSTITUTION:A bellows 3 is attached to the outside of optical barrel 1, shielding the light progressing space from outside. The interior 11 of bellows 3 is filled with a liquid having a high refraction index and the liquid is sealed by an O ring 4 not to release to the outside. Here, a lens 2 is designed so as to match the refraction index to the specimen 6 with the refraction index of liquid. When refraction index of liquid is considered as n, wavelength becomes 1/n and n times of resolution can be obtained. Here, the specimen is fixed flat by a chuck plate 7 and the O ring is clamped by a tightening jig 5. The specimen can also be moved in the x and y directions by a stage 8. Upon completion of transfer, a purge apparatus 10 operates, exhausting the liquid, and thereby a wafer may be exchanged.

Shoe sole having compressible shock absorbers

Abstract: This is a sole with compressible shock absorbers which not only provides an improved shock absorbing function but also provides more comfort for the wearer. The shock absorbers consist of a polygonal replaceable air bellows placed in a polygonal recess on the forefoot section of the shoe and a cylindrical replaceable air cylinder placed in a circular recess on the heel section of the shoe. The air cylinder and air bellows are made of an integrally resilient air-tight material such that, during exercise, the shock absorbers absorb and then return the energy in a controlled upward direction, by way of the bellows-type body and the friction caused between the inside wall of the recess and the bellows itself. Moreover, since the shock absorbers can be placed easily by hand, the wearer can adjust the shoes in line with his weight and type of sport performed. The uses of the shoe are therefore maximized because the air cylinder and air bellows will continue to function even after the outer sole has experienced considerable wear and tear.

Bellows heat pipe for thermal control of electronic components

Abstract: A bellows type heat pipe which conducts heat away from an electronic device to a heat sink. The heat pipe is a sealed bellows type container which has an evaporator section at one end and a condenser section at an opposite end. The evaporator section contains a saturated radial wick while the condenser section is lined with a radial wick and a circumferential wick. A corrugated slab wick is longitudinally disposed within the heat pipe interconnecting the evaporator and the condenser sections. The evaporator section is placed on the electronic device and the condenser section is enclosed in a housing which is connected to a heat sink. In operation, the electronic device generates heat energy which causes the fluid in the evaporator to vaporize building a vapor pressure in the heat pipe. The heat pipe expands in the direction of the condenser causing the condenser section to make intimate contact with the inside of the housing. The vapors condense at the condenser section and are brought back to the evaporator section via the circumferential wick, the walls of the bellows vessel and the wick slab.

Metering and spray pump for liquid and low-viscosity substances

Abstract: In order to create a metering and spray pump of high functional reliability, consisting of as few individual parts as possible and able to be produced with as low production costs, in particular assembly costs, as possible, in which the pumping member consists of an elastically-flexible bellows (4), which is arranged connectively between mutually movable, dimensionally stable housing parts (1,2), the bellows (4) has at its one end, as axial extension, a radially flexible, sleeve-like annular wall section (30), which encloses in sealing manner like a valve the circumferential surface (31) of a socket (24), in the form of a ring or pot, integrally molded onto the housing part (1) executing the pumping strokes. The other end of the bellows (4) is provided with an end wall section (17) which has at least one passage opening (18) and covers like a valve one or more outlet openings (16) of a housing end wall (12) of the second housing part (2) or forms the valve seat for a valve closing member which is molded onto a displacement body arranged in the bellows.

Mass flow measurement

Abstract: A coriolis-type mass flow transducer comprises a straight tube 10 through which a fluid whose mass flow rate is to be measured is arranged to flow while the tube is set into transverse resonant vibration in its second overtone mode. Mass flow is determined by measuring the phase difference between the vibration at two points along the tube 10. Such a transducer exhibits an offset at zero flow, which can vary with time. These variations are minimized by minimizing the damping effects on the tube 10 of bellows 6, 7 used to connect tube 10 in a flow line, and then corrected by measuring the amplitude ratio of the vibrations at the two points, and correcting the initially-determined offset in dependence upon changes in this amplitude ratio.

Manual back-up drive for artificial heart

Abstract: A manual back-up emergency drive device for air driven artificial hearts, particularly for the "Jarvik-7" heart, is adapted to be instantly connected to the air drive lines for the heart in the event of power and air pressure failures and manually actuated to sustain the life of the heart recipient during the power failure. The device includes a bellows type manually actuated pump with a pressure stroke and a suction stroke, and an air delivery tube emerging from the pump coupled to a pair of air tubes having quick disconnect coupling units on the ends thereof for mating with coupling units on the ends of the air drive tubes to the heart. The device also includes a metering valve in the tube serving the right ventricle of the heart, an instrument reading the metered and pumped air pressures pulsing through the system and a make-up air intake in the pump.

Overfill spillage protection device

Abstract: OVERFILL SPILLAGE PROTECTION DEVICE ABSTRACT An overfill and spillage protection device for capturing fuel spilled from a tank touch supply hose or the fill pipe of an underground fuel storage tank takes the form of a tubular reservoir having an axially flexible bellows shaped side wall. Forces induced by freezing or thawing of the ground in which the reservoir is embedded which would apply strain to the coupling between the reservoir and fill pipe are absorbed by the flexing action of the bellows shaped reservoir. A rigid tubular skirt slidably encloses the bellows portion to prevent concrete or dirt from packing into the concave regions of the bellows.

Bellows type shock absorber

Abstract: A bellows type shock absorber comprises a sealed bellows, a shock absorbing column which is provided with a chamber around it inside the bellows and which is along the axial line of the bellows and combined with the bellows so that it physically varies in conjunction with expansion and contraction of the bellows. Also, the bellows type shock absorber may have a through hole which communicates the internal chamber and the outside, and preferably the shock absorbing column is made of a kind of gelled material with a penetration value of approximately 50 to 200. In addition, another shock absorber is provided with the main bellows and a sub-bellows having a spring constant differing from that of the main bellows and a through hole which communicates the internal chamber of the main bellows and the internal chamber of the sub-bellows.

Bicycle water pump

Abstract: A liquid dispensing apparatus, suitable for mounting on a bicycle safely provides the rider of the bicycle a way to refresh himself without having to stop and dismount the bicycle. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus generally includes a cylindrical housing containing a supply of liquid. The liquid is dispensed through an unrestricted length of flexible tubing, leading from the housing to a nozzle which is disposed on the handle bars of the bicycle. A pleated bellows is disposed at the bottom of the housing and forms a chamber for holding compressed air. Each inward stroke of the bellows forces air into the chamber so as to hold the contents under pressure. Adjacent the nozzle, and integrally connected thereto is a hand operated valve which, in its normal state is closed. Depressing the valve forces the liquid out of the container, through the tubing and nozzle, to the rider.

Position sensing probe

Abstract: A probe for use on a coordinate positioning machine has a stylus supporting assembly (15), which supports a stylus (14) for three dimensional movement relative to the probe housing (10). The stylus supporting assembly (15) comprises a first member (16) mounted on the housing (10) and having a first plane surface (18). A second member (20) has a second plane surface (22) which is retained against the first plane surface (18) by magnets (24). The second member (20) may move in all directions in the XY plane relative to the first member (16) on an air bearing (26), and rotation of the second member (20) relative to the first member (16) is prevented by a spring bellows (30). The stylus (14) is fixedly connected to a third member (42) having plane surfaces (52A,B), which are retained against corresponding surfaces (50A,B) provided on the second member (20) by magnets (56), and for movement relative to the second member (20) in the Z direction on air bearings (48). The second and third members (20,42) may be provided in a light but stiff structure to lower the inertia of the stylus supporting assembly (15) and such a structure may for example be a honeycomb material. Movement of the stylus (14) in each of the X,Y,Z, directions is transduced by a series of transducers (62A,B;64A,B;66A,B).

Meter pump for liquid and/or low-viscosity substances

Abstract: A metering pump for discharging metered quantities of liquid and/or low viscosity materials, in particular pasty materials, on bottle-type or can-type containers has a bellows sealed between two coaxial housing parts of dimensionally stable plastic. The housing parts are telescopically movable relative to one another, and provided at each of its two ends with respective inlet and outlet pump valves. Each pump valve has an axially mobile closing element. On its discharge end, the bellows has an integrally molded annular valve seat face, provided with a passage orifice, for a spring-loaded closing element. A bellows seal includes an annular wall surface disposed against a pipe attachment which is integrally molded to a first housing part. The first housing part is provided with a discharge spout and is supported at its end face on an annular shoulder of the bellows. The closing element of the pump inlet valve can initially be integrally injection-molded to the second housing part and severed from the latter during assembly and be brought, by axial displacement into the bellows, into a functionally appropriate position on an annular valve seat face of the bellows.

Wheel end valve for central tire inflation system

Abstract: An improved wheel end valve assembly (11A) for a central tire inflation system (10) having a single connection (68) to a tire chamber (74) and a single supply connection (62) to a source ( 142) of pressurized fluid, which requires no venting other than through the single supply connection (62), is effective in response to pressurization and venting of the single supply connection (62) to open and close communication to the tire chamber (74), and which is not affected by ambient temperature changes nor susceptible to leakage into and out of a trapped air volume employed by prior art valve (11) disclosed herein. The valve (11A) is actuated by air pressure and is resiliently biased into closed position by a spring (342) positioned within an evacuated bellows (334).

Low pressure reaction control propulsion system for a spacecraft

Abstract: A spacecraft propulsion system which integrates the function of the apogee kick motor (AKM) and reaction control system (RCS) is disclosed. In accordance with this invention, a pump-fed AKM is employed which results in lightweight main tanks and pressurization systems. The RCS thrusters are operated by small bellows tanks which are intermittently pressurized by a gas pressurization system to provide high pressure for operation of the RCS thrusters. The system according to this invention enables use of lighter weight main propellant tanks since they do not have to withstand high internal pressures and also enables realization of the numerous advantages of a pump-fed AKM. Several embodiments describe various methods for cycling the bellows tanks.

Plastic closure for a plastic container

Abstract: The specification describes a plastic closure adapted to be screwed onto the neck (1) of a plastic container, with a screw-on ring (5) and with an insert portion (11) comprising a flexible bellows (14) and a pour spout (15), with a frame cap (21) adapted to be screwed on to an external thread (19) on the spout. In order to maintain good pouring properties, e.g. by means of the flexible bellows, and to make automatic production simpler and cheaper, the invention proposes that the frame cap (21) is integral with the screw-on ring (5), and the top wall (23) of the cap (21) is moulded on so that it projects a distance (d) from the top wall (8) of the ring (5).

AIDS protection ventilation system

Abstract: The system includes a remote variable volume bellows that is pumped by the rescuers weight, a suction collection option, an oxygen enrichment venturi valve, and a face mask AIDS Protector Valve that is opened and closed by the rescuer's hand. The system, in its normal configuration, allows for a rescuer to pump ventilation air through an air delivery tube into a valve and through the valve into the face mask and lungs of a victim. The pump is a variable volume spring loaded bellows that works for either an infant, child or adult. It can utilize a venturi tube oxygen connector that insures that maximum supplemental oxygen is fed into the air delivery tube. It also has a pressure relief valve to insure that excess pressure is not placed on the victims lungs. When ventilating, an air delivery tube connects to a valve which is opened or closed by the rescuer placing a hand over the exhaust port. This valve can be used by itself, but it has optional inserts for improved performance. One insert is spring loaded and it opens and closes over the air input port to insure that fluids and exhaust air from the victim do not go back into the fresh air line toward the bellows. Another option has separate internal fresh air and exhaust air chambers to ensure that fresh air does not mix with bad air before reaching the face mask. By injecting fresh air and leaving the exhaust port momentarily open, this latter insert can effectively be used to purge bad/toxic air from a face mask prior to the closing of the exhaust port and full ventilation. This bellows and valve system allows a rescuer to easily perform two person CPR on a patient without having fatigue or mouth and lung contact with the victim. The bellows system has a valve system at the normal air input port that can be set to convert the bellows into sucking in air through the air delivery tube. When this tube is attached to a suction fluid collection container the bellows acts as a source of vacuum and allows removal of fluid from a patient.

Coolant activated contact compact high intensity cooler

Abstract: A coolant activated contact-compact high intensity cooler (10) for cooling electronic modules and the like has an outer bellows portion (17) and a stack of alternating orifice/target plates (18) and spacer plates (19). Pressurize cooling fluid is caused to pass through orifices (26) in the plates (18) and impinge upon the surface of another plate (18) downstream. The fluid also causes the bellows portion (17) to expand so as to be brought into contact with a heat source.

Balanced solenoid valve

Abstract: A proportional-control solenoid-actuated fluid valve, capable of governing relatively large volumes and rates of flow swiftly and accurately with expenditure of relatively little electrical power, includes a movable valving member (9) positioned by an armature (8,20) having a substantially frictionless spring suspension (15,16), the armature (8,20) being under influence of a special force-counterbalancer in the form of a bellows (18) proportioned and dis­posed to exert upon it, automatically, neutralizing forces which are substantially equal and opposite to unavoidable pressure-induced imbalances afflicting the valving member (9). The same pressures which tend to unbalance the valve member are impressed upon opposite sides of the bellows (18), one through an enabling bleed port (19), and resulting forces developed by the bellows (18) over a defined area are exerted upon the armature (8, 20) mechanically in a counterbalancing sense.

Vacuum storage device

Abstract: A vacuum storage device comprises a base member, a housing sealingly and removably mounted on the base member to form a storage chamber, a pressue reducing device mounted on either of the base member and housing, and a means for introducing air into the storage chamber. The pressure reducing device comprises a barrel and a bellows pump housed therein, the bellows pump comprising a bellows body with an inlet valve, which opens the bellows body to said storage chamber during the suction stroke, and an outlet valve, which opens the bellows body to the open air during the dischargeing stroke. The pressure reducing device includes a means for communicating its barrel chamber with the storage chamber.

Tap for a cylinder of gas under pressure

Abstract: The tap for a cylinder of gas under pressure is of the type comprising a body adapted to be fixed on a cylinder head (9) with a gas flow passage (10-13) provided with a valve (12) having a rod (14) slidable through a sealing bellows (17) and connected to a rod (21) of a pneumatic control piston (24) with provision of an opposing spring (28) for biasing the piston to a position for closing the valve (12). Manual means (31-32-33) are provided for axially shifting the piston (24) with an abutment in a position for closing the valve (12). The tap is particularly adapted to the transfer of gases having degrees of toxicity.

Expansion joint cover

Abstract: An expansion joint cover having a vapor barrier channel depending from the bellows membrane Resilient insulation substantially fills the channel, making it possible to attach an insulated vapor-impermeable bellows cover to the expansion joint members in a single operation A separate layer of foam insulation may be bonded to the underside of the bellows independent of the insulation filling the channel

Flexible pipe component for internal combustion engines exhaust ducts

Abstract: A flexible pipe component for internal-combustion engine exhaust ducts of motor vehicles is specified, having a metal bellows and connecting pieces connected on both sides thereto, in a gas-proof manner, a loosely wound clamping hose, welded to the connecting pieces, being arranged inside the bellows but separated radially from it, and, in the annular space between the metal hose and the bellows, there being arranged an insulating layer of thermally insulating, noise-absorbent, corrosion and heat-resistant material, which compresses when it is crushed axially and thus, if necessary, is brought into contact with the profile formed by the bellows and the metal hose, in the radial direction.

Bellows type hand-operated air sampling pump

Abstract: A hand-held air sampling pump can be operated with one hand to consistently sample an exact, predetermined volume of air by causing a bellows to compress and then elongate to form a vacuum inside of the bellows to draw an air sample through a detector tube and into the bellows.

Behavior of turbine and Venturi flowmeters in superfluid helium

Abstract: Turbine and Venturi flowmeters were calibrated in both normal and superfluid helium in an apparatus designed specifically for that purpose. Simple in concept, the facility forces liquid helium from a calibrated bellows through the flowmeter. An ambient temperature stepping motor drives the welded stainless steel bellows whose capacity is 10 L. Flow rates range up to 0.35 L/s, and helium temperatures span from 1.25 K to 4.0 K. For the 9.3 mm bore turbine meter, identical meter factors are obtained for normal and superfluid helium. For the Venturi meter, discharge coefficients between 0.98 and 1.0 are obtained with normal and superfluid.

Power press with improved cushioning system

Abstract: A power press, used for forging, stamping and forming metal workpieces, provided with a cushioning system including die cushion combined with snubbers and intensifiers and counterbalances. During the operation of a press, abrupt changes in the velocity of certain moving part of the press may damage or cause rapid wear to press, dies and workpiece. Cushioning systems in the past have utilized piston and cylinder actuators which require frequent replacement of seals and packing to prevent or limit leakage of air or oil. The present invention utilizes pneumatic bellows actuators which do not require seals. The hydraulic snubber and snubber intensifier are closed systems in combination with a pneumatic bellows actuated die cushion. The snubber has a piston (814) slideable with cylinder assembly (800). During the upward stroke of the ram of the press, the movable plate (50) of the die cushion is held back by the piston (814) to which it is attached through a piston rod by pressure created in the fluid above the piston so as to prevent a damaging impact on the movable die parts (26) and workpiece (22) supported by the air cushion. The fluid is allowed to flow from the top of the piston through a fixed orifice or an adjustable flow valve (850) to return to a reservoir within the die cushion or to the bottom of the cylinder. During the downstroke, the piston causes an increase in pressure in the oil below the piston, which flows out through flow control valve (876), so as to increase the force holding the work in the die. A programmable controller may be used to control the valves (850) and (876) to produce a desired program of piston upward motion and oil pressure below the piston during the downstroke.

Aspirator for collection of bodily fluids including improved safety and efficiency elements

Abstract: An aspirator including a container having two separate chambers with one chamber having a suction tube connected to a closed bellows within the chamber for creating a vacuum, and the second chamber having a patient tube for insertion into the body cavity of a patient for sucking removal of mucus and other excess bodily fluids by the vacuum, with the two containers being connected for gaseous communication The aspirator further includes an injection port by which mucus may be removed from the container and a pressure relief valve to permit air to escape from the container as the flexible bellows expands to its equilibrium state The suction tube further includes a moisture trap to occlude gaseous flow to the mouthpiece in the event moisture enters the suction system The apparatus further includes a clip to occlude fluid flow through the patient tube when the operation is completed The patient tube may include a Yankauer tip The bellows cap may be attached to the underside of the top of the container in one of several ways

Vehicle lifting platform attachment

Abstract: An attachment is set forth which can be removably attached to a standard vehicle lifting platform. The lifting platform attachment includes a scissors support formed from two parallel pairs of scissors. The attachment also includes a support plate having an air spring bellows arranged beneath it. The scissors support and air spring bellows are mounted on a base plate. The base plate may then be fixed on the driving track of a vehicle lifting platform. The support plate is stepped on both sides to permit the vehicle to drive onto the attachment.

Height adjustment in a vehicle fitted with air suspension

Abstract: A height sensor (20) of a height regulating device of an air spring suspension system of a vehicle is calibrated by using the air spring bellows (16) as jacks while the height regulation by the control device (44) is disabled. A dialog is set up between a test device (50) connected by an interface (52) with the control device (44), whereby the test device (50) takes over the control of the air supply to and from the air spring bellows (16) and the height of the vehicle body (10) is brought to a desired null height. The output (hn) of the sensor (20) is then stored in a non-volatile memory and is used as a reference height (ho) for the height regulation.

Control device for use in a refrigeration circuit

Abstract: A refrigeration circuit including a compressor, a condenser, a control device, an evaporator and an accumulator is disclosed. The elements are serially arranged with the control device located between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the evaporator. The control device includes a tubular casing having three spaced walls on its interior surface. The first wall includes a plurality of holes and has a bellows attached to the interior surface thereof, the second wall has a longitudinal bore and a parallel bypass hole therethrough, and the third wall includes an orifice. An operating valve is mounted on the opposite end of the bellows. The bellows expands and contracts in accordance with the temperature of refrigerant fluid and the outlet side of the condenser, thereby, moving the operating valve to the left or the right. Movement of the operating valve controls the open cross-sectional area of the longitudinal bore so that the flow volume of refrigerant fluid in the circuit may be controlled.

Bellows for protecting knuckle joints

Abstract: A bellows for protecting knuckle joints structured so that a narrower end can be connected to a shaft and a wider end can be connected to a universal joint. Additionally, intermediate sections have graduated diameters such that connections can be made with various size shafts and various size universal joints. The bellows includes a number of T-flanges in oder to connect the bellows to different size disks corresponding to different universal joints.