Topic
Bellows
About: Bellows is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15312 publications have been published within this topic receiving 73914 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the existing widely used charts and equations for evaluation of unreinforced bellows were evaluated by parametric elastic finite element analysis and the prediction of meridional bending stress due to pressure and displacement were found to be relatively accurate.
Abstract: The existing, widely used charts and equations for evaluation of unreinforced bellows were evaluated by parametric elastic finite element analysis. The prediction of meridional bending stress due to pressure and displacement were found to be relatively accurate. However, the prediction of membrane stress was found to deviate significantly from the finite element results. The cause of this discrepancy was discovered and is described in this paper.
16 citations
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26 Jul 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, a silicone dielectric gel for an axial length including several such convolutions adjacent to the movable end of a metal bellows is used to damp axial mechanical vibrations and prevent excessive stress build-up in the bellows portions adjacent to a moveable end.
Abstract: Apparatus for improving the life of metallic bellows used in a hermetically sealed device having a movable element therein such as, vacuum relays and circuit breakers. The convolutions of the metal bellows are filled by a silicone dielectric gel for an axial length including several such convolutions adjacent to the movable end of the bellows, thereby to damp axial mechanical vibrations and prevent excessive stress build-up in the bellows portions adjacent to the moveable end.
16 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the springback behavior of a single-layered non-homogeneous bellows was investigated in a finite element (FE) analysis, and the results showed that after springback, the U-shaped convolution profile is changed to tongue shape accompanied by a 2.5~38.5% axial elongation and a 0.1~0.6% radial shrinkage.
Abstract: Due to the complicated material and structural characteristics of bi-layered non-homogeneous bellows (BNBs) in hydroforming, the bellow deviates easily from its designed profile and this inevitable phenomenon results in a low forming precision. Therefore, it is important to study the springback behavior of bellows for precision forming. Based on finite element (FE) analysis, comparative studies on profiles of single-layered bellows, bi-layered homogeneous bellows (BHBs), and BNBs with two expansion ratios (k, the ratio of outer-to-inner diameter) k = 1.2 and k = 1.6 as well as two materials 304SS and Inconel 718 are implemented. The springback behaviors of different simulation settings are investigated, and several conclusions are drawn: (1) after springback, the U-shaped convolution profile is changed to tongue shape accompanied by a 2.5~38.5% axial elongation and a 0.1~0.6% radial shrinkage; (2) the springback tendency grows with the increase of number of layers, the improvement of mechanical properties of material, and the decrease of expansion ratio.
16 citations
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02 Feb 1996
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed to eliminate electric discharge or damage in a high frequency window or a bellows due to microwave power by directly connecting the acceleration tube and a klystron by a vacuum waveguide.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To eliminate electric discharge or damage in a high frequency window or a bellows due to microwave power so as to apply the large microwave power into an acceleration tube by directly connecting the acceleration tube and a klystron by a vacuum waveguide. CONSTITUTION:An electron beam accelerator is composed of an electron gun 31, an acceleration tube 32, and a klystron system 33. The system 33 includes a klystron 34, a klystron tank 35, and a control power source 36. The klystron 34 and the microwave application port 32a of the acceleration tube 32 are directly connected by a vacuum waveguide 1, whereon an ion pump 42 is provided via an exhaust tube 2. Consequently, a bellows, a high frequency window, and an optical sensor conventionally provided are dispensed with to eliminate electric discharge or damage caused in them, allowing application of microwave power larger than conventional into the acceleration tube 32.
16 citations