Showing papers on "Bend radius published in 1992"

Guiding and focusing neutron beams using capillary optics

Abstract: A METHOD for focusing X-rays by means of internal reflection inside hollow glass capillaries1–3has also been shown to be capable of guiding a neutron beam4 and now a neutron lens using this principle has been demonstrated5,6Here we study the properties of multiple capillary fibre bundles by measuring the transmission efficiency as a function of bending radius. The fibres used are shown to bend a neutron beam through 20° in a distance of 130 mm, with a transmission of 50%. A simple device made of a few fibres is used to demonstrate the focusing of cold neutrons (wavelength 0.2–0.9 mm) down to a 1-mm2spot size. These investigations will form the basis for the design of a neutron lens for use in materials research, or a beam bender capable of dividing and directing a neutron beam towards several experimental stations.

Transpiration cooling for a vehicle with low radius leading edges

Abstract: A transpiration cooling system for avoiding overheating of an airfoil is provided The airfoil is provided with a plurality of apertures and a source of pressurized fluid for providing a flow of fluid through the apertures to establish an aerodynamic radius The aerodynamic radius of curvature of leading edge is sufficiently greater than the mechanical radius of curvature of the leading edge that peak heat flux is independent of the mechanical radius of curvature The mechanical radius of curvature is preferably less than 50% of the aerodynamic radius of curvature during hypersonic operation Preferably the mechanical radius of curvature is the smallest allowed by the fabrication method (ie, a knife edge), such as being less than about 002 inches, preferably less than about 001 inches The transpiration blowing rate can be adjusted so that the blowing rate and aerodynamic radius of curvature are relatively low except during periods of maximum heat flux, such as the shock-on-lip point Since the mechanical radius of curvature is effectively zero, control of the aerodynamic radius of curvature provides complete control of peak heat flux By adjusting blowing rate to the minimum necessary at any given velocity, transpiration consumption, drag and fuel injection are reduced or eliminated

Apparatus and methods for horizontal completion of a water well

Abstract: Methods and apparatus combinations for making a substantially horizontal water well completion for irrigation or commercial water supply purposes includes running a substantially vertical surface string of casing, running a bend section of casing that has been preformed to provide a bend angle of about 90° in a straightened-out condition down through the surface section and allowing it to assume its bend condition below the lower end of the surface section, coupling the upper end of the bend section to the lower end of the surface section, running a water production section of casing through both the surface and bend sections and outward horizontally into the aquifer, and either coupling the inner end thereof to the outer end of the bend section, or extending the production section all the way to the surface. Unique coupling mechanisms, running and retrieving tools and other devices also are disclosed.

Optical fiber splice tray with cable tray hinge

Abstract: An optical splice shelf (10) has optical splice trays (24, 26, 28, 30) stacked inside a frame assembly (14) slidingly withdrawable from a rear panel (12) and attached thereto with cable tray hinge (80) for maintaining no less than a minimum bend radius of optical fibers routed between the rear of the frame assembly and the rear panel; upon withdrawal, the frame assembly can be pivoted downward to expose the rear panel and the back of the frame assembly.

Analysis of bent step-index optical fibres by the beam propagation method

Abstract: The field distribution and loss in a single-mode bent optical fibre are analysed by the beam propagation method The steady-state field at large propagation distances is compared with the field obtained by a perturbation theory Transition loss and pure bend loss are also compared with other theoretical results The reduction in bend loss is demonstrated by introducing an offset core and a trench section which is placed at the outer side of the bend Differential-power-loss calculation reveals how the offset core and the trench reduce the bend loss >

Guide for an optical fiber cable having minimum bend radius

Abstract: A cable guide assembly for use with a panel which has a plurality of adjacent mounted circuit members, such as panel mounted telephone switching circuits, with a plurality of fiber optic or other cable whose performance would be impaired if bent beyond a minimum bend radius extending therefrom. The guide assembly manages the running of the cable toward either end of the panel from each circuit member in a manner such that the cable cannot be bent beyond its minimum bend radius. In particular, an effective curve surface is provided at each point where the cable changes direction, with the cable passing over such surface and such surface having a radius which is not less than the minimum bend radius of the cable.

Optical fibre sheathing tube

Abstract: A sheathing for optical fibres and for optical fibre cables comprises a continuous length of tubing with the tubing walls being designed to allow the tube to be bent to a predetermined radius but to hinder its bending to a radius smaller than the predetermined radius. The tube walls (12) include portions (18) which are spaced apart when the tube is straight, but abut one another at (20) when the tube is bent to the predetermined radius.

Ballistic Transport in the Bent Quantum Wire

Abstract: The effects of circular bends on ballistic transport in a quantum wire with hard-wall confinement potential are investigated. By means of the channel-matching method, the scattering matrix is calculated as a function of the Fermi energy. We discuss the dependence of scattering probabilities on the external magnetic field, bending radius, and bending angle. It is shown that the coupling of channels is different for right-turn and left-turn bends in the magnetic field. Furthermore, there appear to be extremely narrow dips in conductance just below the threshold energies for the next channel.

Optical fibre sheathing

Abstract: A sheathing for optical fibres and for optical fibre cables comprises a continuous length of tubing with the tubing walls being designed to allow the tube to be bent to a predetermined radius but to hinder its bending to a radius smaller than the predetermined radius. The tube walls (12) include portions (18) which are spaced apart when the tube is straight, but abut one another at (20) when the tube is bent to the predetermined radius.

An adjustable pipe bend for drain pipes

Abstract: An adjustable pipe bend comprises two pipe bend parts (10, 12) having abutting end portions (14, 16) extending in a plane which is inclined, an angle α of 22.5° relative to a plane perpendicular to the main axis (18, 20) of the respective pipe bend part (10, 12). The pipe bend parts (10, 12) are rotatably connected to each other at said end portions (14, 16) for rotation about an axis perpendicular to said inclined plane by means of snap-lock connecting elements (22, 24) placed outside the light borings (26, 28) of said pipe bend parts (10, 12). Each connecting element is shaped as a body of rotation about said axis of rotation, and the snap-lock connection includes an O-ring seal (30). The pipe bend may optionally be set to any bending angle between 0° and 45° by turning the two pipe bend parts (10, 12) relative to each other, and in any position of the two pipe bend parts (10, 12), their main axis (18, 20) will either intersect each other or be substantially coincident.

Identification system for optical fiber transmission operation lines with local-light injection and detection coupling system

Abstract: An identification system using a local-light injection and detection coupling system is developed. The relation of bending fiber radius to both local-light injection and detection coupling efficiencies is shown. This system can be used for distances of up to 21 km at a bending radius R=7 mm. Also, the line number in the fiber ribbon, can be confirmed and transfer splicing loss can be estimated using this identification system. >

High-frequency heating coil in heating bending device of metal tube

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enable bending with a small bending radius without causing buckling for a thin wall metal tube and without decreasing compression by forming an inclined surface out of the upper surface of a high-frequency heating coil and narrowing the width of a face opposite to the metal tube. CONSTITUTION:When a high-frequency current is applied from a high-frequency transmitter to the heating coil 9, the metal tube 2 gets induction heating, but the width L1 in vertical direction of the inner end face of the heating coil 9 is narrowly formed and also a clearance tube D1 between the outer peripheral face of the metal tube 2 is narrowly formed. Consequently, the metal tube 2 locally gets induction heating in an extremely short width against the axial direction of the metal tube 2 and is softened. After this heating, a delivery device is operated to send out the metal tube 2 downward. In the one with the upper surface formed into the inclined surface, when cooling water is stuck to the upper surface, it is quickly flowed down and variance in heating is prevented.

Measuring method for flatness of strip

Abstract: PURPOSE:To secure the overall length of a shape and a quality by measuring the overall length of flatness of a strip by setting the strip to a suspension loop state of nearly no-tension by a slide constraining means in a measuring area CONSTITUTION:A strip 1 which goes into a flatness measuring area 2 by constraining rolls 3a, 3b; 3e and 3f of slide constraining means 3A, 3B becomes a state being similar to no-tension in the area 2 between each of the means 3A, 3B since tension working from the rear and the front is absorbed Under this state of no-tension, a loop of a suspension state is formed by elasticity of the strip 1 and gravity While allowing this strip 1 to form a stable loop, an approximate circle radius (r) in the vicinity of the lowest end of the loop, and a bend radius difference distribution DELTAr in the width direction in the lowest end part of the loop are measured by range finders 4A - 4E and a loop height distribution measuring instrument 5 In such a way, usually, based on the minimum value of ly as a reference, an elongation percentage is derived by the maximum value DELTArmax of DELTAr, and also, the kind of elongation is decided by a generation part of DELTArmax

Gauges for determining whether standards for steel reinforcing bars are met

Abstract: The invention relates to a gauge or set of gauges for determining whether the bend angle, bend diameter, and end extension dimensions of a bent steel reinforcing bar used in structural concrete construction are within established allowable limits. The gauge comprises at least the outer marginal portion of a section of a circular disc, the disc having an outer perimeter which defines a diameter approximating the minimum bend diameter for a particular bar size and bar bend, the perimeter taking into account the deformations on said bar and indicating the starting and ending points of the bend, i.e., the points of tangency. Also included are methods of using such a gauge to determine whether a bar bend has less than the minimum bend angle and diameter and whether the end extension of such bend is less than the minimum allowable length.

Pneumatic radial tire with specified belt curvature

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire with a sum of tire maximum width W and tire maximum diameter D defined in a range from 750 mm to 1250 mm has a belt layer disposed radially outside a carcass. On the tire meridian section, a tread surface is curved along a single arc with a curvature radius TR1 having a center on the tire's equatorial plane, and a radially outer surface of the belt layer is curved along a single arc with a curvature radius BR1 having a center on the tire's equatorial plane. The curvature radius TR1 is larger than the curvature radius BR1, and a product of the curvature radius TR1 and the curvature radius BR1, that is, (TR1×BR1) is in a range from 33.7×10 4 mm 2 to 45.0×10 4 mm 2 .

Optical amplifier provided with active bending fiber in single mode

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide an amplifier for making the light emission force of transmission signals and pumping light emission force present in the almost same distribution inside the cross section of an active fiber and be centralized in a fiber area where a fluorescent dopant is present as well. CONSTITUTION: This amplifier is composed of the active fiber 7 containing the fluorescent dopant inside respective optical cores provided with radiation at the wavelength of transmission signals to be amplified and light emission pumping signals are inputted into the optical fibers. In this case, the active optical fiber 7 is in an almost linear shape, performs the optical propagation of a single mode at a transmission wavelength and the optical propagation of multiple modes at a pumping wavelength and is arranged in the bend shape 11 of a bend radius corresponding to the propagation into the fiber itself in only a basic mode at the pumping wavelength in a length larger than 70% of the length. Thus, the fiber for reducing a mode diameter at the transmission wavelength without transmitting the high mode of the pumping signals is attained.

Bending hollow metal sections - using rollers mounted on slide which cooperate with fixed disc

Abstract: A machine for bending hollow sections consists of a flat disc (1) which supports a smaller central disc (2) which has a circumferential groove. The radius of the central disc corresponds to the required bend radius whilst the groove profile corresponds to the outside profile of the section. A hydraulically actuated slide (8), which is mounted on the same level as the flat disc, has a transverse beam attached to its head. This beam carries two supports (5) for rollers (4). The supports can be moved along the beam and then fixed in the required position. The rollers (4) bend the hollow section (9) around the central disc (2) as the slide is moved towards the central disc. USE/ADVANTAGE - Bending hollow sections in a single plane.

Sensor with sloped termination for reduced element bend

Abstract: A Kapton element is terminated by bringing an element which is wrapped at a substantially fixed radius from a rotor out through a linear portion to the terminations. This causes the terminations to be at an angle to the line between the electrical connector and the rotor. A standard termination is then made without the need to bend a sharp turn in the Kapton element--an advantage that is more significant as the bend radius is increased for tighter package sizing. This concept also offers improved assembly, reducing the effort to automate production.

Method for testing passage of pipe

Abstract: PURPOSE:To confirm the passage of a pipe in high reliability by confirming even the bending state of the pipe. CONSTITUTION:Before compression an optical fiber cable 5 into a pipe 4, whether the laying state at the bending part of the pipe 4 is more than an allowable bending radius R of curvature or not is confirmed by using a test piece (of a rod) 3. The test piece 3 has the weight which can be carried on the flow of fluid and comprises an FRP rod 2 having the high bending rigidity and aluminum caps 1 and 1 which cover both ends as sliding materials. The diameter phi0 of the test piece 3 is made smaller than the internal diameter PHIof the pipe 4 and larger than the diameter phi of the passing optical fiber cable 5. The length is I0 at which the cable cannot pass when it is smaller than the allowable bending radius R of curvature. Air is made to flow into the pipe at a pressure of 5kgf/cm . The test piece 3 is mounted on the flow of the air. The pass or fail of the optical fiber cable 5 is determined based on the pass or fail of the passage.

Manufacture of phosphor bronze excellent in bendability

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the bendability of phosphor bronze by subjecting phosphor bronze in which Sn, P, S and Cu are specified to annealing at a prescribed temp. for prescribed time at least for one time. CONSTITUTION:Phosphor bronze constituted of, by weight, 0.5 to 9% Sn, 0.01 to 0.35% P, =30min at least for one time. Thus, its bendability can be improved and is used as the material for electric and electronic parts having a small bend radius.

Manufacture of rigid body for rigid body trolley line

Abstract: PURPOSE:To simplify bending and perform bending without inflicting an external wound on rigid body material by bending the rigid body material into the required bend radius by a bending machine and then applying heat treatment to provide the rigid body material with the required rigidity. CONSTITUTION:Straight rigid body material 1 provided with the specified unit length is manufactured by extrusion or rolling. This rigid body material 1 is bent into the required bend radius by a bending machine 5. Heat treatment is then applied to provide the rigid body material 1 with required rigidity. As a result, the bending of a rigid body at a laying site becomes unnecessary, or the bending can be simplified to such an extent as to only correct the bend radius to the curved part of a line, so that a large bending machine is not required.

Tube bending machine with retractable mandrel

Abstract: The tube bending machine has a feed trolley (10), reciprocating on guide rails (12). The trolley (10) has a tube-accepting cylinder (13) in which the tube to be bent is clamped by a sleeve (14). The tube is bent around a radius gauge (16) with a groove (17) corresponding to the tube size.Inside the tube (15), near the bending radius, a mandrel (24) is provided, fitted on mandrel rod (25) seated on a housing (26) provided with a leg (27) slidably seated on rails (11). The measuring housing (26) is fixed on the piston rod (28) of an hydraulic cylinder (29)

Inner cable for control cable

Abstract: PURPOSE:To produce a inner cable for a control cable whose fatigue life depending on repeated bending can be improved even when a bending radius is small. CONSTITUTION:Vanadium element is added by 0.15%V into the chemical component of a piano wire (SWP-A.JISG3522), and they are finely granulated, and a granulated steel whose crystal particle size in the case of steel billet is No.5 is used to produce an element wire 2, and seven strands of the element wires 2 are twisted into an inner cable 1.

A dynamic focusing x‐ray monochromator for a wiggler beam line at the SRS of the SERC Daresbury Laboratory (abstract)

Abstract: A Si(220) double‐crystal monochromator for the energy range 10–30 keV is presented. It will be used for EXAFS as well as powder diffraction measurements. To determine the requirements for this monochromator we looked, apart from mean considerations, at the requirements dictated by EXAFS in transmission mode. For good data analyses the proper shape, amplitude, and location at the energy axis of each wiggle is required. Moreover it is essential to separate the wiggles from background and noise. For the latter a high flux through the sample is desirable, which can be achieved by horizontal focusing of the beam. For that we have chosen to bend the second crystal sagitally. The sagittal bending radius is adjustable between 50 and 0.8 m, because for different energies different sagittal radii are necessary to focus the beam on the sample. The mean meridional radius of the second crystal is fixed at 130 m, which is an optimization for 20 keV. The meridional radius of the first crystal can be tuned between 100 and 500 m. When this radius is set to 130 m the energy resolution is calculated to be 6, 3, and 35 eV for 10, 20, and 30 keV (for perfectly bent crystals). By changing the meridional radius of the first crystal, future users of this monochromator can make the trade off between resolution and intensity. Movement of the monochromator exit beam, during a scan, will occur due to the monochromator geometry, but is reduced as much as possible by using an asymmetrically cut second crystal, with an asymmetry angle of 2.5°. The average exit beam movement of the monochromator for a 1‐keV scan is 20 μm. For 40% of the energy range (10–30 keV) the exit beam position remains within 10 μm. For the second crystal no translation stage is used. When using a translation stage it is difficult to keep the change in flux within acceptable limits, because an alignment error of 0.01 arcsec at 30 keV will result in a change in intensity of 1%.