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Bending moment

About: Bending moment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14577 publications have been published within this topic receiving 158834 citations. The topic is also known as: bending moment.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with the plane problem of the hydroelastic behavior of floating plates under the influence of periodic surface water waves, in which the coupled hydrodynamics and structural dynamics problems are solved simultaneously.
Abstract: The paper deals with the plane problem of the hydroelastic behaviour of floating plates under the influence of periodic surface water waves. Analysis of this problem is based on hydroelasticity, in which the coupled hydrodynamics and structural dynamics problems are solved simultaneously. The plate is modeled by an Euler beam. The method of numerical solution of the floating-beam problem is based on expansions of the hydrodynamic pressure and the beam deflection with respect to different basic functions. This makes it possible to simplify the treatment of the hydrodynamic part of the problem and at the same time to satisfy accurately the beam boundary conditions. Two approaches aimed to reduce the beam vibrations are described. In the first approach, an auxiliary floating plate is added to the main structure. The size of the auxiliary plate and its elastic characteristics can be chosen in such a way that deflections of the main structure for a given frequency of incident wave are reduced. Within the second approach the floating beam is connected to the sea bottom with a spring, the rigidity of which can be selected in such a way that deflections in the main part of the floating beam are very small. The effect of the vibration reduction is quite pronounced and can be utilized at the design stage.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Aug 2010-Spine
TL;DR: This study confirms the importance of immediate in-brace correction to predict long-term outcome of the treatment and provides insights in the understanding of brace biomechanics.
Abstract: Study design Multiple brace designs were simulated using a finite element model and their biomechanical effect was evaluated. Objective To study correlations between immediate in-brace correction of coronal curves and bending moments acting on the apical vertebrae. Summary of background data Immediate in-brace correction has often been deemed as fundamental to long-term brace effect but the biomechanical explanation is unclear. Methods Three-dimensional geometry of 3 patients was acquired using multiview radiographs and surface topography techniques. A finite element model of the patients' trunk including gravitational forces and a parametric brace model were created. Two sets of mechanical properties of the spine (stiff and flexible) were tested. Installation of the brace on the patients was simulated. Using an experimental design framework including fourteen design factors, 1024 different virtual braces were tested for each patient. For each brace, immediate in-brace correction of the coronal Cobb angles and the bending moment acting on the apical vertebrae were computed and their correlation was studied. Results Immediate correction of coronal curves and corresponding impact on the apical vertebrae bending moments were linearly correlated (mean R = 0.88). The amount of immediate correction necessary to nullify the bending moment ranged between 19% and 61% with average 48% (flexible spine model) and 27% (stiff spine model). The braces corrected the apical vertebrae bending moment more in the flexible spine model. In the framework of the Hueter-Volkmann principle, the correlation between coronal immediate in-brace correction and corresponding apical bending moment can be interpreted as a correlation between immediate in-brace correction and long-term treatment outcome. The amount of immediate correction necessary to invert the bending moments, and in theory counteract the progression of the scoliotic deformity, depends on spine stiffness and spine segment. Conclusion This study confirms the importance of immediate in-brace correction to predict long-term outcome of the treatment and provides insights in the understanding of brace biomechanics.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is considered that the knitted composite plate with 3.2mm thickness can be suitable for forearm or humerus treatment especially when damaged bones need higher deformation to encourage bone ossification.

81 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a dynamic stiffness theory of a three-layered sandwich beam is developed and subsequently used to investigate its free vibration characteristics, based on an imposed displacement field so that the top and bottom layers behave like Rayleigh beams, whilst the central layer behaves like a Timoshenko beam.

81 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors carried out tank tests to investigate hydroelastic response of the prototype structure using its scale model, which was designed on the basis of the law of similitude and has elastically similar bending rigidity with 300 meter long prototype structure.
Abstract: A pontoon type structure was recently highlighted since The Floating Structures Association of Japan proposed the new concept as the most beneficial one in 1994. The structure is supposed to be mat-like structure with length of 4 to 5 kilometers and depth (draft) of 5 (1) meters. The concept was further developed by The Technological Research Association of Mega-Float which was established in 1995. They constructed 300 meter long prototype structure to carry out at-sea test. The authors carried out tank tests to investigate hydroelastic response of the prototype structure using its scale model. The research was undertaken partly as joint work with T. R. A. of Mega-Float. The scale ratio of the model was decided as 1/30, with length of 9.75 meters, breadth of 1.95 meters and draft of 1.66 centimeters. The model was designed on the basis of the law of similitude and has elastically similar bending rigidity with 300 meter long prototype structure. A series of tank tests had been conducted focusing on the elastic response of the model in regular waves. The vertical motions have been detected through potentiometers and the bending moment through strain gages both distributed on the upper surface of the model. The analysis method based on 2-D structure and 2-D fluid modeling has been established in which the structure is approximated as a rectangular plate and the hydrodynamic characteristics is evaluated using the pressure distribution method based on the zero-draft Green function. The equation of motion, in which the interaction between structure and fluid is taken into account, is solved by the direct procedure instead of by modal analysis. The calculated results show quite satisfactory agreement with the experiment and the study has highlighted some remarkable characteristics concerning hydroelastic behavior.

81 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023489
2022961
2021623
2020584
2019660
2018613