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Bengali

About: Bengali is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2163 publications have been published within this topic receiving 16570 citations.


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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: Focus Prominence theory provides an insightful account of the array of phonological properties that are associated with focus crosslinguistically, and at the same time explains the observed generalizations about focus projection and the distribution of focus-related prominence within the sentence.
Abstract: In this paper, I want to investigate the consequences of an idea about focus prosody that was first put forward by Jackendoff 1972, namely the hypothesis that the focusphonology interface in grammar is expressed as a relation between focus-marked syntactic constituents on the one hand, and prosodic stress prominence on the other. A strong form of the hypothesis, advocated in Truckenbrodt’s 1995 thesis and pursued here and in other recent work of mine (e.g. Selkirk 2002), is that the focus-phonology interface consists only of interface constraints on the relation between syntactic focus and prosodic prominence. All the other predictable, non-morphological, phonological properties of focus are claimed to be derived as a consequence of phonological markedness constraints on the relation between prosodic prominence and other aspects of phonological representation. This proposal can be called the Focus-Prominence theory of the focus-phonology interface. I think this theory provides an insightful account of the array of phonological properties that are associated with focus crosslinguistically, and at the same time explains the observed generalizations about focus projection and the distribution of focus-related prominence within the sentence. The question of focus projection is not addressed in this paper (but see Selkirk 1999, 2000; Selkirk and Katz, in preparation). What I want to show here is that Focus Prominence theory provides the basis for an understanding of focus-related phonological phrasing. In this I am following a path first charted out by Truckenbrodt 1995.

79 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse the growth of a new revivalist, internationally orientated Islam in Tower Hamlets and assess the effect of the new identities and ideologies on social and political action.
Abstract: This article analyses the growth of a new revivalist, internationally orientated Islam in Tower Hamlets. It moves beyond discussions of identity to look at the roles of ideology and socio-economic background, and to assess the effect of the new identities and ideologies on social and political action. It looks at why young Bengalis are being increasingly attracted to Islam, and at how this can benefit both themselves and the wider Bengali community; and it also explores where the impact of the new Islam is less positive, ending with an examination of the limits of its power as a vehicle for radical change in a deprived area of London. The article is based on interviews carried out in 2000 and 2001 as part of a wider historical study of political mobilization of Jewish and Bengali immigrants in London's East End.

79 citations

Book
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: The Mormon missionaries in Jill Terry Rudy’s chapter seek to reaffirm their American identity while stationed in foreign countries by going to great lengths to procure, prepare, and consume foods that remind them of home, thus demonstrating how they adapted themselves to the host culture.
Abstract: adapted to Western taste buds. Adopting the ideas of Dean MacCannell, Molz discusses how authenticity, often conflated with tradition, is perceived as an antidote to the rootlessness of modern society. Similarly, the American baby boomers discussed in the Liz Wilson’s chapter have embraced the notion of “healthy Asian” food because it manages to package together multiple forms of exoticism, not only as a cultural alternative to the West but also as a representative of “ancient” and more environmentally responsible foodways. For Wilson, exploration of “authentic” ethnic food is not merely a form of escapism; it is a way for conflicted middleand upper-class Westerners to find a counterweight to their cooptation into a “McDonaldized” society (as George Ritzer has coined it). Hence, the ethnic cuisine is eventually deexoticized and assimilated into the Western individual’s culinary identity, but compartmentalized within a dualistic mainstreamcounterculture personality that seems to be one of the prerequisites for contemporary postindustrial life. A somewhat different and more poignant example of this type of juxtaposition is found in Eve Jochnowitz’s ethnography of Cracow’s Szeroka Street, “a Jewish theme park in a country where few Jews survive.” Szeroka Street and its array of Jewish restaurants and food shops provide a locale for Poles to come to terms, in varying ways, with the Jewish past that has nearly been obliterated from their society. In some ways, Szeroka Street provides a safe zone where the important influences Jewish food had on the prewar, urban, Polish diet can be experienced as a form of nostalgia, while the eventual decimation of Jewish society and the anti-Semitism that is a part of that history can be temporarily put aside. Assimilation of cuisines through compartmentalization can lead to culinary identities that are context specific. The Mormon missionaries in Jill Terry Rudy’s chapter seek to reaffirm their American identity while stationed in foreign countries by going to great lengths to procure, prepare, and consume foods that remind them of home. However, once they return home, they make a point of preparing the foods of their host societies for their fellow Americans, thus demonstrating how they adapted themselves to the host culture. It is thus hard to draw a clean line around which types of consumption are “touristic,” since what seems mundane at home may be exoticized when abroad. One case study that illustrates a multitude of assimilative processes is Miryam Rotkovitz’s examination of changes over time in the interplay between kosher dietary restrictions and ethnic foods among American Jews. Until the culinary revolutions of the 1970s, kosher foods outside Ashkenazic cuisine were rarely available; adventures into treif Chinese restaurant food therefore allowed New York Jews to display their cosmopolitanism while compartmentalizing it within the specific context of restaurant meals. In succeeding years, however, the sheer availability of kosher foods of every ethnicity (including mainstream American foods such as Oreo cookies) has made it unnecessary to violate dietary laws while experiencing nearly every element of the ethnic culinary spectrum. Hence, paradoxically, the increasingly cosmopolitan Jewish culinary identity has coincided with ever-stricter observation of the dietary laws. Yet this very freedom to assimilate ethnic foods has served to weaken the distinct identity associated with American Jewish cuisine, which in turn has caused some religious leaders to complain that the laws no longer serve their intended social purpose. The investigation of culinary tourism helps to show how “tourism” is part of a larger process of identity formation. For individuals in many contemporary societies, it is a never-ending process of seeking out and assimilating the exotic in order to avoid the trap of being caught in the mainstream and then finding that the mainstream has shifted to encompass their new identity. It would be interesting for scholars to investigate what role, if any, this process has had in the major culinary movements of recent decades, including nouvelle cuisine, Slow Food, and the rise of East-West fusion.

78 citations

Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: This paper reports about the development of a Named Entity Recognition system for South and South East Asian languages, particularly for Bengali, Hindi, Telugu, Oriya and Urdu as part of the IJCNLP-08 NER Shared Task 1.
Abstract: This paper reports about the development of a Named Entity Recognition (NER) system for South and South East Asian languages, particularly for Bengali, Hindi, Telugu, Oriya and Urdu as part of the IJCNLP-08 NER Shared Task 1 . We have

74 citations

Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: Experimental results of the 10-fold cross validation test show the effectiveness of the proposed CRF based NER system with an overall average Recall, Precision and F-Score values of 93.8%, 87.8% and 90.7%, respectively.
Abstract: This paper reports about the development of a Named Entity Recognition (NER) system for Bengali using the statistical Conditional Random Fields (CRFs). The system makes use of the different contextual information of the words along with the variety of features that are helpful in predicting the various named entity (NE) classes. A portion of the partially NE tagged Bengali news corpus, developed from the archive of a leading Bengali newspaper available in the web, has been used to develop the system. The training set consists of 150K words and has been manually annotated with a NE tagset of seventeen tags. Experimental results of the 10-fold cross validation test show the effectiveness of the proposed CRF based NER system with an overall average Recall, Precision and F-Score values of 93.8%, 87.8% and 90.7%, respectively.

74 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023286
2022636
2021172
2020198
2019156
2018152