Topic
Benzoic acid
About: Benzoic acid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11832 publications have been published within this topic receiving 167127 citations. The topic is also known as: Retardex & E210.
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TL;DR: This work has developed a method for direct, copper-catalyzed, auxiliary-assisted fluorination of β-sp(2) C-H bonds of benzoic acid derivatives and α,α-disubstituted benzylamine derivatives that shows excellent functional group tolerance and provides a straightforward way for the preparation of ortho-fluorinatedbenzoic acids.
Abstract: We have developed a method for direct, copper-catalyzed, auxiliary-assisted fluorination of β-sp2 C–H bonds of benzoic acid derivatives and γ-sp2 C–H bonds of α,α-disubstituted benzylamine derivatives. The reaction employs a CuI catalyst, a AgF fluoride source, and DMF, pyridine, or DMPU solvent at moderately elevated temperatures. Selective mono- or difluorination can be achieved by simply changing reaction conditions. The method shows excellent functional group tolerance and provides a straightforward way for the preparation of ortho-fluorinated benzoic acids.
255 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a serum-bottle modification of the Hungate technique for growing anaerobes was used for methanogenic enrichments on vanillin, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, benzoic acid and catechol.
Abstract: A range of 11 simple aromatic lignin derivatives are biodegradable to methane and carbon dioxide under strict anaerobic conditions. A serum-bottle modification of the Hungate technique for growing anaerobes was used for methanogenic enrichments on vanillin, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, catechol, protocatechuic acid, phenol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid, and syringaldehyde. Microbial populations acclimated to a particular aromatic substrate can be simultaneously acclimated to other selected aromatic substrates. Carbon balance measurements made on vanillic and ferulic acids indicate that the aromatic ring was cleaved and that the amount of methane produced from these substrates closely agrees with calculated stoichiometric values. These data suggest that more than half of the organic carbon of these aromatic compounds potentially can be converted to methane gas and that this type of methanogenic conversion of simple aromatics may not be uncommon.
252 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an 8% SiO2-TiO2 binary catalyst was used for the photocatalytic oxidation of gas-phase toluene and the presence of benzaldehyde and benzoic acid was identified on the surface of the deactivated photocatalyst.
246 citations
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TL;DR: The metabolites identified suggest a stepwise reduction of the aromatic ring system before ring cleavage in naphthalene degradation by a sulfate-reducing enrichment culture, which was studied by substrate utilization tests and identification of metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Abstract: Anaerobic naphthalene degradation by a sulfate-reducing enrichment culture was studied by substrate utilization tests and identification of metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In substrate utilization tests, the culture was able to oxidize naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 1- and 2-naphthoic acids, phenylacetic acid, benzoic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, and cyclohex-1-ene-carboxylic acid with sulfate as the electron acceptor. Neither hydroxylated 1- or 2-naphthoic acid derivatives and 1- or 2-naphthol nor the monoaromatic compounds ortho-phthalic acid, 2-carboxy-1-phenylacetic acid, and salicylic acid were utilized by the culture within 100 days. 2-Naphthoic acid accumulated in all naphthalene-grown cultures. Reduced 2-naphthoic acid derivatives could be identified by comparison of mass spectra and coelution with commercial reference compounds such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthoic acid and chemically synthesized decahydro-2-naphthoic acid. 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-2-naphthoic acid and octahydro-2-naphthoic acid were tentatively identified by their mass spectra. The metabolites identified suggest a stepwise reduction of the aromatic ring system before ring cleavage. In degradation experiments with [1-13C]naphthalene or deuterated D8-naphthalene, all metabolites mentioned derived from the introduced labeled naphthalene. When a [13C]bicarbonate-buffered growth medium was used in conjunction with unlabeled naphthalene, 13C incorporation into the carboxylic group of 2-naphthoic acid was shown, indicating that activation of naphthalene by carboxylation was the initial degradation step. No ring fission products were identified.
245 citations
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TL;DR: The chiral Co(salen) complex 3 is an effective catalyst for the asymmetric ring-opening of meso epoxides with benzoic acid as mentioned in this paper, achieving an anti-selectivity of 55-93% with a range of substrates.
245 citations