Benzoic acid

About: Benzoic acid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11832 publications have been published within this topic receiving 167127 citations. The topic is also known as: Retardex & E210.

Terephthalic acid-based polyester polyols

Abstract: Polyester polyol containing the esterification product of a) 10 to 70 mol-% of a dicarboxylic acid composition containing a1) from 50 to 100 mol-% of a terephthalic acid-based material selected from terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate and polyalkylene terephthalate and mixtures thereof, a2) 0 to 50 mol-% of phthalic acid, phthalic acid anhydride or isophthalic acid, a3) 0 to 50 mol-% of one or more dicarboxylic acids, b) 2 to 30 mol-% of one or more fatty acids and/or fatty acid derivatives and/or benzoic acid, c) 10 to 70 mol-% of one or more aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols with 2 to 18 C atoms or alkoxylates thereof, d) 2 to 50 mol-% of a highly functional polyol selected from the group consisting of glycerin, alkoxylated glycerin, trimethylol propane, alkoxylated trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol and alkoxylated pentaerythritol, wherein at least 200 mmol, preferably at least 500 mmol and especially preferred at least 800 mmol of polyols d) with an OH functionality of ≥ 2.9 are converted per kg of polyester polyol.

Regioselective ortho-carboxylation of phenols catalyzed by benzoic acid decarboxylases: a biocatalytic equivalent to the Kolbe–Schmitt reaction

Abstract: The enzyme catalyzed carboxylation of electron-rich phenol derivatives employing recombinant benzoic acid decarboxylases at the expense of bicarbonate as CO2 source is reported. In contrast to the classic Kolbe–Schmitt reaction, the biocatalytic equivalent proceeded in a highly regioselective fashion exclusively at the ortho-position of the phenolic directing group in up to 80% conversion. Several enzymes were identified, which displayed a remarkably broad substrate scope encompassing alkyl, alkoxy, halo and amino-functionalities. Based on the crystal structure and molecular docking simulations, a mechanistic proposal for 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid decarboxylase is presented.

A cyanide-free lytic reagent composition and method for hemoglobin and cell analysis

Abstract: A cyanide-free lytic reagent composition and method for measuring the total hemoglobin concentration in a blood sample, for counting the number of leukocytes and for differential counting of three leukocyte subpopulations including lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes are described The cyanide-free lytic reagent composition comprises a hemolytic surfactant selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, pyridinium salts, organic phosphate esters, and alkyl sulfonates to lyse erythrocytes and release hemoglobin, and an organic ligand selected from the group consisting of triazole and its derivatives, tetrazole and its derivatives, alkaline metal salts of oxonic acid, melamine, aniline-2-sulfonic acid, quinaldic acid, 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole, triazine and its derivatives, urazole, DL-pipecolinic acid, isonicotinamide, anthranilonitrile, 6-aza-2-thiothymine, adenine, 3-(2-thienyl)acrylic acid, benzoic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts of benzoic acid, and pyrazine and its derivatives to form a stable chromogen with hemoglobin Alternatively, the organic ligands can be added to a suitable blood diluent for hemoglobin and leukocyte analysis

(N-Isocyanimino)triphenylphosphorane as an Efficient Reagent for the Synthesis of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles from 3-Substituted Benzoic Acid Derivatives

Abstract: The reaction of 3-substituted benzoic acid derivatives with (N-isocyanimino) triphenylphosphorane proceeds smoothly at room temperature to afford corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazoles via an intramolecular aza-Wittig reaction in excellent yields under neutral conditions.

Radical O→C transposition: a metal-free process for conversion of phenols into benzoates and benzamides.

Abstract: We report a metal-free procedure for transformation of phenols into esters and amides of benzoic acids via a new radical cascade. Diaryl thiocarbonates and thiocarbamates, available in a single high-yielding step from phenols, selectively add silyl radicals at the sulfur atom of the C═S moiety. This addition step, analogous to the first step of the Barton−McCombie reaction, produces a carbon radical which undergoes 1,2 O→C transposition through an O-neophyl rearrangement. The usually unfavorable equilibrium in the reversible rearrangement step is shifted forward via a highly exothermic C−S bond scission in the O-centered radical, which furnishes the final benzoic ester or benzamide product. The metal-free preparation of benzoic acid derivatives from phenols provides a potentially useful alternative to metal-catalyzed carbonylation of aryl triflates.